DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

OF A REAL TIME RESONANCE

SWITCH SOLAR STREET LIGHT

PRESENTED BY
R.JEYARAMAN

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 Introduction

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 Resolution

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 Cost Scenario

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 Objective
• By using solar photovoltaics, to harness
the solar energy and turn it to electricity
that can be stored in batteries which can
be used to power the street light.

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 Block Diagram Consists
• Solar panel
• Blocking diode
• Battery
• Controller unit
• Relay unit
• Resonance converter
• Fluorescent tube light

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 Block Diagram

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 Solar panel specification
Module type USP 50
Maximum power 50 W
Configuration 12 V
Current at maximum power 2.99A
Voltage at maximum power 16.7 V
Short circuit current 3.4 A
Open circuit voltage 20.5 V
Minimum warranted power 45 W

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 Battery Specification

• Lead acid battery.

• 12 V/25 Ah

• Charging current of 10% total battery Ah

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 Flow Chart

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 Controller Unit Consists
• Microcontroller
• Real time clock
• LCD display
• Battery voltage sensing circuit
• Logic circuit
• Relay driver circuit
• Power supply

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 Circuit Diagram

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 Features of AT89C51

• 4K bytes of Flash Memory (1,000 Write/Erase Cycles)

• 128 x 8-bit Internal RAM

• 32 Programmable I/O Lines (four ports)

• Two 16-bit Timer/Counters

• Six Interrupt Sources

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 Features of DS1307
• Real-Time Clock (RTC) counts seconds, minutes, hours,
date of the month, month, day of the week, and year with
leap-year
• 56-byte, battery-backed, NonVolatile (NV) RAM for data
storage
• Two-wire serial interface (Data are sending & receiving
in serial-I2C protocol)

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 Cont…
• Programmable square wave output signal

• Standard crystal frequency (32.768 kHz)

• Automatic power-fail detect and switch circuitry. 3 V

lithium cell is used as a back up
• Consumes less than 500 nA in battery backup mode with
oscillator running

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 Timekeeper Registers

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 Data Sending and Receiving
DATA WRITE OPERATION
Format

DATA READ OPERATION

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 Battery Voltage Sensing Ckt

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 LCD and Driver Ckt

2 x 16 display (line x • ULN 2804 is driver

character ) relay IC

• Controlled by MCU • It controlled by MCU

thro’ logic circuit
• Display the time &
battery status

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 Logic Circuit

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 Key function
• Key 1- time set operation
• Key 2- clear or escaped from time set
• Key 3- increment
• Key 4- decrement
• Key 5- lamp test key

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 Resonance Converter Circuit

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 Load Details
• Voltage and current reading measured during lamp
running condition
voltage = 12.5 V
Current = 1.5 A
Total power consumption P = V * I
= 12.5*1.5
= 18.75 W

• Lamp working hour from 7 p.m – 5 a.m (totally 10 hours)

Total energy consuming = 18.75 x 10

= 187.5 Watt hour

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 Battery Selection
• For supplying a load of 75 Wh, battery must be selected
25% more than the required power
• In this application the load is 187.5Wh. Hence the battery
should be capable of supplying 240 Wh. Here we used 300
Wh. (Required battery 12 V, 25 Ah)
• Charging current required for this battery is 10% of total Ah.

Charging Current Ic = 25 x 0.1

= 2.5 A

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 Panel Selection

• Current rating of the panel must be greater than Ic

• Because current output of the panel varies with
environmental in nature
• Selected Solar Panel USP 50 from Udaya
Semiconductor Pvt Ltd. since it has maximum current
rating of 2.99 A.

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 Future Implementation

• Implementation of Solar panel tracking system

• Implement the battery charging control unit

• Implementing light sensing circuit in controller unit. The

lamp control is done by both RTC and light sensing

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 References
• Godfrey Boyle, “Renewable Energy”, Second Edition,
Oxford University Press, 2004.

• Kenneth J. Ayala: “The 8051 Microcontroller,

Architecture, Programming & Applications” Second
Edition, Penram International, India, 1996.

• Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Janice Gillispie Mazidi: “The

8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems”,
Pearson Education, 2000.

• G.D.Rai, “Non-Conventional Energy Sources”, Fourth

Edition, Khanna Publishers, Delhi, 2004.

• Ramakant A. Gayakwad: “Op-Amps and Linear

Integrated Circuits” Fourth Edition, Prentice Hall of
India Pvt. Limited, New Delhi, 2004.
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 Queries ???

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 Thank you

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