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Ship Stability
Ship Stability
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WHAT IS SHIP
STABILITY ?
The ability of the object or vessel
to float free on the water surface
without sinking and gravitational
force acting on it is grater than
that of buoyancy force acting on
it is called stability of the ship.
Objectives
Archimedes Principle
Stability curves
Archimedes Principle
Law: A body floating or
submerged in a fluid is buoyed
up by a force equal to the
weight of the water it
displaces
Archimedes Principle
Ship sinks until weight of water
displaced by the underwater volume
is less to the weight of the ship.
Forces of gravity: G = mshipg =Wship
Forces of buoyancy: B = ρ Vdisplaced
water
Wship = ρ Vdisplaced
water
Archimedes Principle
Forces act everywhere on ship -> too
tough to analyze
Center of Gravity (G): all gravity forces
as one force acting downward through
ship’s geometric center
Center of Buoyancy (B): all buoyancy
forces as one force acting upward
through underwater geometric center
Archimedes Principle
Center of Gravity (G):
Changes position only by change/shift in
mass of ship
Does not change position with
movement of ship
Center of Buoyancy (B):
Changes position
G with movement of ship
-> underwater geometric center moves
Also affected by displacement
Hydrostatics
Terminology
Displacement: total weight of ship = total
submerged volume of ship (measured in tons)
Draft: vertical distance from waterline to keel
at deepest point (measured in feet)
Reserve Buoyancy: volume of watertight
portion of ship above waterline (important
factor in ship’s ability to survive flooding)
Freeboard: vertical distance from waterline to
main deck (rough indication of reserve
buoyancy)
Hydrostatics Terminology
STABLE UNSTABLE
Metacenter v. Stability
Curves
At this point, we could use lots of
trigonometry to determine exact
values of forces, etc for all angles
-> too much work
GM used as a measure of stability
up to 7°, after that values of GZ are
plotted at successive angles to
create the stability curve
Stability Curve
Plot GZ (righting arm) vs. angle of heel
Plot GZ (righting arm) vs. angle of heel