States of Matter

(A brief overview)
General Science

Presented by:
Muhammad Danish Anwer
After attending this presentation
you shall be able to answer;
 What is mass?

 What is matter?

 What is state of matter?

 What are different states of matter?

 What are different behaviors of matter?

Mass

 A property of physical objects.

 The amount (quantity) of matter in an object.
 It can be expressed in math as the total
weight of the atoms or molecules in the
object.
 Unit of mass is Kilogram
Matter

 Anything which
 Occupies space
 Has mass

 An atom is the smallest indivisible unit of

matter
States of matter

 The condition in which the matter exists is

called its state.
 Different states of matter

1. Solid

2. Liquid

3. Gas

4. Plasma

5. Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC)

Solid

 A state of matter

 Definite volume & shape

 Molecules are very close together

 Limited movement of molecules

Behavior Of Solids
 Compressibility
 Nearly zero
 High density

 Deformity
 High pressure
 Dislocation of particles

 Diffusibility
 Low vibration
 very rare diffusion

 Melting
 Change of phase
 At particular temperature

 Sublimation
 Changes directly into vapor
Liquids

 A state of matter

 No definite shape

 Molecules are a bit far away than solids

 Intermediary movement of molecules

Behavior of Liquids
 Diffusibility
 Slow diffusion

 Compressibility
 Compressible to a little extent

 Expansion & contraction

 Expands on heating
 Contracts on cooling

 Viscosity
 The ability to flow

 Boiling
Gases

 A state of matter

 No definite shape

 Molecules are far away

 High movement of molecules

Behavior of gases
 Diffusibility
 Rapid diffusion

 Compressibility
 Large spaces between molecules
 Can be compressed to large extent

 Pressure
 High movement of molecules
 High pressure exerted by molecules

 Liquefaction
 liquefied at low temperatures
Plasma
 A new state of matter

 An ionized form of gas with unique characteristics

 Produced under very high temperatures 13000 K

Behavior of Plasma
 Some known behaviors of plasma

 Degree of ionization
 Electron density
 Number of positive and negative particles

 Conduction
 Good electrical conductivity due to ions
 Magnetization
 Produces Magnetic field
Bose-Einstein condensates

 A new state of matter

 Exists only in the coldest temperatures of the world

 Super fluid

 Super saturated

 Laser cooling

 Zero viscosity

 Research is still going on !!!

Thank You for your attention

 Reasonable questions are welcomed