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Lec 5
Lec 5
,e)inition
Switching
"ei#ate line "ei#ate line / a tele$hone line lea#e& b' a )irm an& u#e& e0clu#i%el' b' that )irm
$wit#% $wit#% / a #$ecial $ur$o#e com$uter that &irect# incoming me##age# along a $ath
&ri!ate bran#% e'#%ange (&)*+ &ri!ate bran#% e'#%ange (&)*+ / a #$ecial-$ur$o#e com$uter that &i#tribute# call#
within a cu#tomer1# #ite Switch Switch
Tran#it call#
$ignaling $/stem
,ontrol $/stem
9nternal:E0ternal "b#traction#
2oint-to-2oint Switching
Circuit Switching
Me##age Switching
2ac(et Switching
connection-oriente& %# connectionle##
Cell Switching
CSE-342
=
Switch System Classification
>
CSE-342
Message Switching
"&%antage
,i#a&%antage
,ela'
@A
CSE-342
ircuit Switching
"&%antage
,i#a&%antage
E0am$le i# 2ST3
@@
CSE-342
CSE-342
@2
ircuit Switching
"&%antage
,i#a&%antage
E0am$le i# internet
"&%antage
,i#a&%antage
3o circuit i# e#tabli#he&
3o #et u$ i# nee&e&
Circuit #witching re-uire# #etu$ time+ but incur# le## o%erhea& )or
#hi$$ing each me##age+ an& ma' wa#te networ( ban&wi&th. Me##age
an& $ac(et #witching re-uire le## #etu$ time+ but incur more o%erhea&
$er me##age.
CSE-342
25
CSE-342
24
ircuit switched and packet,switched
networks
CSE-342
B.Eng. (Electrical Engineering)
Telecommunication
Network
Switching Technolog'
ategorizing switching
CSE-342
2=
S2C5 Store& $rogram control
Switch System Classification
2>
CSE-342
Manual Switching
Central-batter' o$eration
Loo$:&i#connect #ignaling
The multi$le
Bu#' te#ting
Concentration
Cla##e# o) #er%ice
Common control
Scanning
Store&-$rogram control
Common-channel #ignaling
33
CSE-342
Manual Switching
"&%antage#
Euman control
,i#a&%antage
Uniselector
chea$er
)inal #elector
CSE-342
4=
Thi# #ingle $air carrie# the %oice in both &irection# an& the
ring current to ring the bell when a call i# recei%e&
6ro.p sele#tor
u#e& in the e0change that ha# more than one ran( o) two-
motion #elector. The #elector each #te$ %erticall' in
re#$on#e to a &iale& &igit. Eowe%er+ &uring the inter-&igit
$au#e the' o$erate in a #el)-&ri%e mo&e li(e a uni#elector.
Thu#+ the wi$er hunt )or a )ree outlet on the #electe& le%el+
which lea&# to a #elector in the ne0t #witching #tage. The
#elector in the la#t #tage re#$on& to two &iale& &igit# an& i#
calle& final sele#tors.
CSE-342
5A
Routing o0 a 8ocal call in Strowger System
CSE-342
5@
"isa!antages:
9t i# not )ea#ible to #elect an alternate route )or intero))ice call#+ i) all the
trun(# are bu#'
9) calling rate i# high+ hea%' o$eration i# $er)orme& b' the #'#tem an&
the li)e time o) the #'#tem i# le##
can acce$t onl' ; to > $ul#e# in @ #econ& hence not #uitable )or )a#t
&ialing
Large in #i?e
3oi#e
CSE-342
52
ircuit # # #
CSE-342
53
SxS
link link
SxS
link
Could be 10 or more links
Example
Thi# i# ,i#a&%antageou#
1
st
o.tlet of ea#% $tage 1 blo#1 is #onne#te to an inlet of t%e
1
st
$tage 2 blo#1.
2
n
o.tlet of ea#% $tage 1 blo#1 is #onne#te to an inlet of
t%e 2
n
$tage 2 blo#1.
3
r
o.tlet of ea#% $tage 1 blo#1 is #onne#te to an inlet of
t%e 3
r
$tage 2 blo#1;
i
t%
o.tlet of ea#% $tage 1 blo#1 is #onne#te to an inlet of t%e
i
t%
$tage 2 blo#1.
1
! " !
2
! " !
3
! " !
4
! " !
1
! " !
2
! " !
3
! " !
4
! " !
;2
CSE-342
Multistage switching
There are 3
0
Q 23(U((3:n)
2
cro## $oint# total
which i# much #maller than the number o) cro##
$oint# in a #ingle-#tage #witch (3
2
)
;4
CSE-342
Multistage Switching
E0am$le5
Q @A(@AA:@A)
2
U 2 0 @AA 0 @A Q 22AA
"isa!antage: blo#1ing
n < (=>2+
1>2
k ? 2n @ 1
Call barring
Call &i%er#ion
Charge a&%ice
Centrali?e&
,i#tribute&
=A
CSE-342
entral ontrol