CHAPTER 5

THE AIR AROUND US

Air is a mixture
Air is a mixture
The components of air are _____________
combined

Uses of Gases
GASES % USAGE
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Nitrogen
Inert Gases Chemically not reactive gases
Helium

Neon

Argon

Krypton
Xenon
Composition of Oxygen Gas
The candle extinguishes because __________________
Combustion need ____________
The air consists of _________or ________ of oxygen
gas
Properties of Oxygen and Carbon
Dioxide
Oxygen Properties Carbon Dioxide
Colour
Odour
Solubility in sodium
hydroxide solution
Solubility in alkaline
pyrogallol solution
Effect on lime water
Effect on glowing splinter
Test for O2 and CO2
Carbon Dioxide in Sodium Hydroxide
The leaf inside the
container is ________
This is because the
sodium hydroxide
____________
Without ___________
the leaf is unable to
undergo
________________
Respiration
Cockroach used ___________ for respiration
The sodium hydroxide solution _____________
The air pressure in the container ______________
The oil drop move from ____ to ____ or move __________
Organism used ____________ and release _________________


Oxygen is needed for respiration
___________ is needed by all living organism
for the respiration process
The chemical equation of respiration is




Composition of Inhaled Air and
Exhaled Air
Inhaled Air Composition Exhaled Air
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Inert gases
Nitrogen
Water Vapour
Temperature
Heat
Living things use oxygen during
respiration
Observation
The drop of colored water in tubes A and B
_____________ the tube
Discussion
Cockroaches and germinating seeds take in
______ and release _______ during
respiration
__________ is absorbed by sodium
hydroxide
Air pressure inside tube A and B
___________
Higher pressure outside pushes the colored
water _____ the tubes
Conclusion
Living things used ________ during respiration
Living things give out carbon dioxide
during respiration
Observation
The colour of hydrogen carbonate
indicator in tubes ____ and ___
change from red to yellow

Discussion
Cockroaches and germinating seeds
give out______ ___during respiration
Hydrogen carbonate indicator absorbs
the ______________ and changes
colour from red to yellow

Conclusion
Living things give out________ during
respiration
Oxygen is needed for combustion
Combustion is a process of burning substances
that give out ____________ and ___________
Condition for combustion are
Oxygen
Heat
Fuel (Carbon , hydrocarbon)
Why is it important?
Industry
To generate electricity in power station
To produce steam to turn the turbines
Transportation
To move the vehicles
To fly the airplane
Others
As source of light
Cooking
Combustion of carbon
Example of carbons fuel
Firewood
Charcoal
Coal

Combustion of hydrocarbon
Example of carbons fuel
Kerosene
Petrol
Diesel
Wax (Candle)


The water formed by combustion of
hydrocarbon can be tested with
Dry cobalt chloride paper (_______________)
Anhydrous copper sulphate (________________)
Air pollution
Air pollution occurs when air contains pollutants
__________ are harmful substances that are
released into the environment

Thinning of the ozone layer
Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) destroy the ozone layer in
Earths atmosphere
Ultraviolet light causes cataracts and skin cancer
CFC come from
Aerosol cans
Refrigerators
Air conditioners

Acid Rain
Nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen monoxide and
sulphur dioxide dissolve in rain drops to form
acid rain

Effect of Acid Rain
Global Warming
The burning of fossil fuels results in the
release of carbon dioxide and other gases into
the Earths atmosphere
These gases stay in
the atmosphere and
trap heat energy from
the sun
Effects of global warming