Yang Song-qin

◆ the atmosphere is a mixture of gases

that forms a layer from 1000km to
1400 km around Earth. Most of the
atmosphere is held close to Earth by
the force of gravity, so the
atmosphere gets thinner with
increasing distance from Earth.
◆ atmosphere can be divided into
four distinct layers according to
the vertical distance from the
earth.
 tropos
phere
◆ The layer of air immediately adjacent to
Earth's surface is called the troposphere.
The troposphere, ranging in depth from
16 km over the equator to about 8 km
over the poles, contains about 75
percent of the total mass of the
atmosphere .This is where most weather
events occur.
 troposp
here
◆ In this layer, there are all kinds of
natural phenomena, such as wind,
cloud, snow, thunder and lighting.
◆ The airflow has two action forms here:
vertical and horizontal .
 tropos
phere
◆ Here also has a phenomenon of air
temperature progressively decreasing.
That with the height going up, the
temperature decreases gradually (by
degree).
◆ More commonly, air decrease 6.5℃
with the altitude of 1 km increasing.
 tropos
phere
◆ When air temperature progressively
decreases, the air produces the action of
convection from above and blow. In this
time, the air is unstable, and is beneficial
for diffusing of air pollutants.
 tropos
phere
◆ If the phenomena that with increasing of
height, the air isn’t decrease but increase,
In this time the air isn’t beneficial for
diffusing of air pollutants. The
temperature inversion will happen.
 stratos
phere
◆ The layer of air immediately above the
troposphere is the stratosphere. It extends
upward for about 50 km. Air temperature in the
stratosphere is relatively constant, or may even
increase slightly with increase in elevation.
 stratosph
ere
◆ This zone is of greatest importance to our
environmental quality because it contains the ozone
layer, which protects life on Earth by absorbing
ultraviolet radiation from the sun. The ozone
concentration in the stratosphere is about 1000
times greater than in the troposphere.
◆ Above the stratosphere are the mesosphere and the
thermosphere. There is little interchange of materials
between the troposphere, where human activity has
an impact, and these two zones, so they won't be
discussed further here.
 Other action
of the air
◆ As Earth absorbs heat from the sun,
it transfers some of this heat to the
air above it. The heated air expands
and rises. When its heat content is
radiated into space, the air-cools,
becomes more dense, and settles
back toward Earth.
westerlies
◆ According other scientists, The thickness of the
ambient air is about 400 km. cosmic space over
1400km, air is very rarefaction. air can be
divided into three layers from the earth, that is
troposphere, stratosphere, and ionosphere.