animation PPT Network connecting devices movieNET07 CN5E by Tanenbaum & Wetherall, Pearson Education-Prentice Hall and D. Wetherall, 2011 Devices are named according to the layer they process A bridge or LAN switch operates in the Link layer TCP/IP Protocol Suite 3 CONNECTING DEVICES LANs or WANs do not normally operate in isolation. They are connected to one another or to the Internet. To connect LANs and WANs together we use connecting devices. Connecting devices can operate in different layers of the Internet model. We discuss three kinds of connecting devices: repeaters (or hubs), bridges (or two-layer switches), and routers (or three-layer switches). TCP/IP Protocol Suite 4 Connecting devices Animation PPT nic TCP/IP Protocol Suite 9 Figure 3.41 Repeater or hub Animation: PPT broadcast hub Sent Maintained PPT collison 9-HUB TCP/IP Protocol Suite 10 A repeater forwards every bit; it has no filtering capability. Note Bridge 1. A bridge has a table used in filtering decisions. 2. A bridge does not change the physical (MAC) ddresses in a frame. Connects to LAN using same protocols Has filtering capability Each line has separate collision domain Transparent: Stations unaware about bridge Source Routing: Duties performed by station has to maintain address TCP/IP Protocol Suite 14 Figure 3.42 Bridge 71:2B:13:45:61:41 1 4 3 2 71:2B:13:45:61:42 64:2B:13:45:61:12 64:2B:13:45:61:13 Address Port Bridge table TCP/IP Protocol Suite 15 Figure 3.43 Learning bridge a. Original Address Port c. After D sends a frame to B 71:2B:13:45:61:41 1 4 64:2B:13:45:61:13 Address Port M M M M
Switches PPT Filtering and no broadcasting switch Animation PPT no collision 10-switch
Works at Data link layer Called interchangeably with Bridge but No broadcast:Read data in the packet find source and destination address and send to the destination only not baroadcast Mostly switches used to connect individual computer Though node is in same network it passed through switch which does not happened in bridges Three types 1. Cut through switch: No buffering 2. Two layer switch: Physical and data link 3. Three layer switch: Router TCP/IP Protocol Suite 17 Figure 3.44 Routing example Router Animation PPT router Animation PPT Multiple paths router
A repeater or a bridge connects segments of a LAN. A router connects independent LANs or WANs to create an internetwork (internet). Changes physical address of packet but not logical address 32 or 128 bit address If one path fails data can send from another path Used to interconnect different networks to make internet Gateways PPT Network connecting devices movieNET07
Network point that acts as entrance to another network i.e. controlling traffic Used to convert in between different protocols Combines both modem and router Works from layer 4 and above Animation PPT firewalls