ZPEB

Chapter 1 Summarization
1. Conception & function of WCE
2. Compositions of WCE
3. Characteristic of hydraulic BOP
4. Parameters of hydraulic BOP
5. BOP stacks
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ZPEB
What is WCE?
A complete set of equipment, instruments and tools
for operations of oil/gas well control.
1-1 Conception & functions of WCE
Functions of WCE
Blowout prevention
Kick detection
Control blowout promptly
Treating complications
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To shaker
To mud pit
1-2 Compositions of WCE
Accumulator
Auxiliary
control panel

Air control
lines
BOP Stack
Kill line
Control
lines
Choke
manifold
Mud pump & tank
Remote control panel
Mud tank & accessories
Degasser
Vacuum degasser
Drillers control
panel
Upper Kelly cock
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To flare pit
Remote control unit
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1-2 Compositions of WCE
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1-2 Compositions of WCE
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1-2 Compositions of WCE
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1-2 Compositions of WCE
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1-2 Compositions of WCE
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1-2 Compositions of WCE
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1-3 Characteristic of hydraulic BOP
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1.Fast action
Shut in time:Ram BOP3~8SAnnular BOP: 30S & Gate valve: 3 s
2. Convenient operation
Easy operated with air & hydraulic controlled
equipment
3. Reliable & safe
Several control points of remote control, drillers control, auxiliary
control and manual control
4. Quick site maintenance
Easy to change parts
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1-4 Parameters of hydraulic BOP
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Nominal
diameter
Rated
working
pressure
Definition: Inner fullhole diameter mm

180mm230mm280mm
Types: 346mm426mm476mm
528mm540mm680mm
Definition: Maximum rating pressure MPa


Types: 14MPa21MPa35MPa70MPa
105MPa
Notes: yellow being available in ZPEB area
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1-5 Model number of hydraulic BOP
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Before 1985

KPY -
Maximum working
pressure, kgf/cm
2

Nominal inner diameter, cm
Exploration, WC & hydraulic
Note: No mentioned BOP type
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1-4 Parameters of hydraulic BOP
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Nominal
diameter
Rated
working
pressure
Definition: Inner fullhole diameter mm

7 inch,9 inch,11 inch,
Types: 13 5/8 inch,16 inch,18 inch,
20 inch,21 inch,26 inch
Definition: Maximum rating pressure MPa


Types: 1 M,2 M,3 M, 5 M,10M,
15M
Notes: yellow being available in ZPEB area
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1-5 Model number of hydraulic BOP
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After 1985
-
Max. working
pressure, MPa
Nominal inner diameter, cm
Type code
FZ Single ram BOP
2FZ Double ram BOP
3FZ Three ram BOP
FH Annular BOP
API code
R -Ram
Rd -Double Rams
Rt -Three Rams
A -Annular
S -Spool
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1-5 Model number of hydraulic BOP
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1-6 BOP Stacks
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Take consideration of:
1. Size
Match with wellhead and casing size
2. Rated working pressure
Must be higher than predicted maximum
wellhead pressure
3. Type & numbers
Be suitable for sealing in different
borehole condition
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1-6 BOP Stacks
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14 MPA BOP Stacks
1S+A
2S+SR+SR
3SR+S+SR S+SR+A
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1-6 BOP Stacks
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21MPa 35MPa BOP Stacks
S+SR+SR+A 4SR+S+SR+A
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1-6 BOP Stacks
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70MPa 105MPa BOP Stacks
5CH+SR+S
+SR+SR+A
6CH+S
+SR+SR+SR+A
CH+SR+S+SR
+SR+SR+RBOP
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1-6 BOP Stacks
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4 types of Wellhead of ZPEB
CH+SR+S
+SR+SR+A
CH+S+SR
+SR+A
Type 1 Type 2
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1-6 BOP Stacks
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4 types of Wellhead of ZPEB
CH+S+SR+A
Type 3
CH+S+SR+SR
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1-6 BOP Stacks
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4 types of Wellhead of ZPEB

CH+S+A
Type 4
CH+S+SR
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Conception and composition of WCE
Which pressure grades and sizes of BOP are
often used in China
Point out the parameter of each as follows
KPY28-210 FZ23-21 FH28-35
2FZ35-21 KPY35-350 FZ54-14
Types of BOP Stacks
Questions
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2 Annular BOP
1. Functions of annular BOP
2. Types of annular BOP
3. Taper rubber
4. Ball rubber
5. Compound rubber
6. Comparison of rubbers
7. Technical specification
8. Cautions
9. Maintenance & repairs
Well Control Equipment
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2-1 Functions of annular BOP
1. Open hole sealing
No any tubular in borehole
2 .Annulus sealingTubular
exists in borehole
3 Stripping in/outWith 18
o

tapered drill pipe, reducing
control pressure
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2-2 Types of annular BOP
Ball rubber
Compound
rubber
Tapered rubber
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2-3 Taper rubber annular BOP
Structure
Scout Rubber
Dustproof
ring
Oil outlet
Piston
Open cavity
Close cavity
Support
cylinder
Body
Coping
Oil outlet
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2-3 Taper rubber annular BOP
Scout

Rubber

Dustproof
ring

Oil outlet

Open cavity
Piston
Close cavity
Support
cylinder

Body

Coping

Oil outlet

Close:
OilClose
cavityPiston
upRubber up
confined by
coping,
contracting and
being squeezed to
the center and
close BOP
Principle
Open:
OilOpen cavity
Piston down
Release squeezing
forceRubber
recover by
elasticity and open
BOP
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1. Rubber
Taper rubber
Large rubber store
Auto-recover
Easy to change rubber
Change rubber directly in
open hole
Change rubber by cutting
with tubular in borehole
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2-3 Taper rubber annular BOP
Characteristic:
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2-3 Taper rubber annular BOP
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2-3 Taper rubber annular BOP
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2-3 Taper rubber annular BOP
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2-3 Taper rubber annular BOP
2. Piston
Long sealing
section
centralizing
Anti-wearing
High dimension
3. Auto-sealing
Borehole pressure
push piston up so as to
squeeze rubber tight
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2-3 Taper rubber annular BOP
4 Sealing
position
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2-4 Ball rubber annular BOP
Structure
Coping

Dustproof
ring

Rubber
Piston

Body

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2-4 Ball rubber annular BOP
Principle
Close cavity outlet
Open cavity outlet
Close:
OilClose cavity
Piston upRubber
up,confined by
coping, contracting
and being squeezed to
the center and close
BOP

Open:
OilOpen cavityPiston
down Release
squeezing forceRubber
recover by elasticity and
open BOP

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2-4 Ball rubber annular BOP
Characteristic
1.Rubber
Ball type
Large rubber store
Auto-recover
Funnel efficiency
Easy to change rubber
Less friction, large
quantity of oil
for control

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Funnel efficiency
When closing, rubber
moved up near coping so
as to make rubbers
collection looks like a
reversed funnel.
Borehole pressure push
bottom of rubber as a
auxiliary power for
sealing.
This help to let tubular
joints pass through
rubber and reduce rubber
wearing.
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2-4 Ball rubber annular BOP
2. Characteristic
Short sealing
section
Bad
centralizing
Easy for
wearing
Lower dimension
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2-4 Ball rubber annular BOP
3. Sealing
positions
4. Auxiliary sealing
source
Borehole
pressure push
bottom of
rubber as a
auxiliary power
for sealing.
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Structure of
compound rubber
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2-5 Compound rubber annular BOP
Structure
Full
open
With tubular Full close
Distortion of inner
rubber
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2-5 Compound rubber annular BOP
Principle
Close
OilClose cavityPiston
move-upPusher plate
pushing outer rubber
Outer rubber move to
centerInner rubber
furling Packer insert turn
and move to centerClose
borehole
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2-5 Compound rubber annular BOP
Principle
Open

OilOpen cavity
Piston move-down
Pusher plate return
back-Squeezing force
removedInner & outer
rubbers turn back by
elasticity Open
borehole

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2-5 Compound rubber annular BOP
Characteristic
Inner & outer rubbers
Complicated structure
Improperly close with new rubber
Less dimension & weight
unavailable with cutting rubber change
Less deformation with inner rubber, less
oil for
control
Less rubber wearing, long rubber life
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2-6 Comparison of annular BOP
Structure Simple Simple Complex
Totally close OK OK
Worse with
new one
Rubber
change at site
Directly or by
cutting
Directly or by
cutting
Only directly but
no way by cutting
Rubber life Short Long Long
Oil quantity
of operation
2
Medium
3
More
1
less
Dimension Thin, high Thick, short Thin, short
Weight Medium Heavy Light
Annular BOP Type
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2-7 Specification of annular BOP
Model
Nominal
diameter

mm (in)
Max.
work
pressure
M pa
Shut-in
time

S
Control
pressure

MPa
Dimension mm
Outer
diameter
Height
FH23-35 230(9) 35 < 30 10.5 900 1090
FH28-35 280(11) 35 < 30 10.5 1000 1205
FH35-21 346(13) 21 < 30 10.5 1050 1117
Specification of taper rubber annular BOP
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2-7 Specification of annular BOP
Model
Nominal
diameter

mm (in)
Max.
work
pressure
MPa
Shut-in
time

S
Control
pressure

MPa
Dimension mm
Outer
diameter
Height
FH28-35 280(11) 35 < 30 10.5 1138 1056
FH35-35 346(13) 35 < 30 10.5 1270 1165
Specification of ball rubber annular BOP
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2-8 Cautions
No totally close test at site
Close with tubular regular only
Oil pressure range8.5~10.5MPa
Max. pressure: 15MPa
No totally close annular BOP for long period
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2-8 Cautions

For snub in/out operation, only use 18
o
shoulder drill pipe,
meanwhile, adjusting regulate valve to release fluctuation
pressure as to postpone rubber life
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2-8 Cautions
In closing status, tubular could be moved
up/down slowly only. No rotating drill string. No
releasing pressure through annular BOP.
Rubber parts must be stored in a lower
temperature of 27 and dry house. Keep away
from electric-arc equipment. No using after
expiration date.
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2-8 Cautions
Daily maintenance
After rig-up at site, test BOP as per standard.
After entering production zone, test BOP at
each tripping time.
Test annular BOP with
70% of rated working pressure
After each opening, check if BOP is fully
opened to avoid damaging rubber by tubular.
After special operation, wash & clean rubber
chamber.
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2-9 Troubleshooting
Improperly sealing of annular BOP

With new rubber,close & open several times. If
it is a used rubber, and support frame closed
properly, that means rubber consumed too much.
Change rubber core.
Used rubber worn out and some rubber block
dropped off , cause sealing improperly. Change
rubber core.
Keeping open long term without moving,
impurity deposited in rubber chamber. Clean &
move rubber timely.
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2-9 Troubleshooting

Fail to open BOP
Long term closing caused rubber deformation. Or
cement deposited in rubber chamber after cementing
job. Need to be thoroughly cleaning.

BOP operating slowly
Before connecting hydraulic control lines,
blow lines with compressed air and clean
connections.
Oil leaking in control lines. Or control
lines were blocked by impurities.
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2 Ram BOP
1. Functions of ram BOP
2. Types of ram BOP
3. Structure of ram BOP
4. Job principle of ram BOP
5. Structure specialty of ram BOP
6. Side door of ram BOP
7. Lock device of ram BOP
8. Specifications of ram BOP
9. Properly using of ram BOP
10. Troubleshooting
Well Control Equipment
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4 Replacing spoolSide flange
of BOP to be used as spool for
connecting choke line and kill line
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3-1 Functions of ram BOP
2 Sealing annulus Seal annulus
with available pipe ram
1 Totally sealingSeal open hole with
blind ram
3 Shearing pipeDrill pipe to be
cut off in case of emergency
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S
i
n
g
l
e

D
o
u
b
l
e

T
h
r
i
b
b
l
e

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3-2 Types of ram BOP
As per ram numbers
As per ram shape
Type
B
l
i
n
d

P
i
p
e

S
h
e
a
r
i
n
g

V
a
r
i
a
b
l
e

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3-3 Structure of ram BOP
Structure figure
Side flange
Up hinge
Down hinge
Side cover
Body
Side door
Locking axle
Cylinder
Piston & rod
Rams
Injecting outlet
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3-4 Job principle of ram BOP
Close
Oil in close inletOil path in shellHinge
seatOil path in side doorOil path in
cylinderOil path in cylinder cover
Closing port
Open
Oil in open inletOil path in shellHinge
seatOil path in side doorOpening port
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3-5 Structure specialty of ram BOPBOP
4. Sidedoor cavity & rod
3. Side door & shell
2. Top ram & shell
1. Front ram & tubular
4 sealing areas
2nd sealing device
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3-5 Structure specialty of ram BOPBOP
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3-5 Structure specialty of ram BOP
Auxiliary source from borehole
1. Rams to be pushed
by downhole pressure to
strengthen contact versus
shell
2. Even high pressure exist
in closing process, as surface
area of piston is larger than rod,
with lower system pressure easy
to control borehole higher
pressure
Note: Area ratio of piston versus rod is called pressure ratio
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3-5 Structure specialty of ram BOP
Auto cleaning
2 ditches on bottom of
ram cavity to be cleaned by
ram as soon as moving to
prevent blocking of sand
Auto centering
Front bulge of rams to fit
opposite groove, triangle bulge
help to push unlined tubular to
center of borehole
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2. Hinge move
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3-6 Side door of ram BOP

Functions 1. To seal ram port 2. To transfer oil 3. To
install two way seals
1. Straight move Type
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Side door of ram BOP

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3-6 Side door of ram BOP

Rules of side door operation
1. Two sidedoors cant be opened at same time
2. Only using hydraulic control when side door fully
opened or tightened to shell
3. Releasing pressure when rotating side door
4. After opening side door, tight it when using
hydraulic control to prevent moving
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3-6 Side door of ram BOP

Sequence of changing ram
1. Release pressureSwitch to be in center in accumulator
2. Open side doorTake off fixing bolts, rotate door open
3. Hydraulic closing ramMake ram extrude out of cavity
4. Take off old & fix a newInstall properly
5. Hydraulic opening ramMake ram shrink to cavity
6. Close side doorRotate sidedoor to close then tighten up bolts
7. Pressure testTest BOP as per rated pressure
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
Auto. lock device
Lock device
Handle lock device
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
Auto. lock deviceHydraulic
controlled lock device, locate in place
where is unavailable for men working
Operation specialtyAfter closing rams,
system complete locking automatically,
before opening rams, system unlock
device automatically
Disadvantage: Unavailable closing by
hand if hydraulic system is out of
control
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
Functions of handle lock device
2. Closing BOP by manpower In the
case of system failure, ram BOP
could be closed by turning lock
device
1. Ensure long term closing After closing
ram BOP, by using lock device, control
pressure could be released to prevent
control lines leaking and misoperation
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
Thread bar
Types of manual lock device
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Simplicity
Spl i ne bar
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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Makeup of manual lock device
Ro d L o c k s h a f t Oi l c y l i n d e r
Gimbal
Handwheel
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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Thread bar structure
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
Ram
Shell
Rod
Side
door
V seal ring
Piston
Fixing nuts
Spline bar case
Spline axis
Cover
Seal ring
Rubber
bowl
Cylinder
Spring clip ring
Plate
Bolts
Thrust
bearing
sdek
Spline bar structure
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weep hole


[](
,
)
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)
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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Simplicity structure

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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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Manual lock
Turn
clockwise in
place then
~ round
back
Manual unlock
Turn counter
clockwise in
place then
~ round
back
Main points of operation
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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Closing steps of ram BOP
1. Closing BOP with hydraulic system
Normal practice
2. Using manual lock device
3. Releasing hydraulic pressure
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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Closing steps of ram BOP
1. Handle of switch to be in closing position
Special practice(Failure of hydraulic control)
2. Manual closing ram BOP
3. Handle of switch to be in central position
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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Opening steps of ram BOP
1. Manually unlock device
2. Open rams with hydraulic control
3. Releasing hydraulic pressure
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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Status judgement of lock mechanism
Status figure of Thread bar structure
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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Status judgement of lock mechanism


Status figure of Spline bar structure
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3-7 Lock device of ram BOP
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Status judgement of lock mechanism
Status figure of Simplicity structure
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3-8 Specifications of ram BOP
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Size
9 11 13 5/8 21
28

Rated pressure
1000 psi
2000 psi
3000 psi
5000 psi
10000 psi
15000 psi



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3-9 Properly using of ram BOP
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Cautions
Size of rams to be applied to tubular
Blind rams to be used in open hole condition only
Manual lock device to be used for long term closing,
leave rams control switch in central position
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3-9 Properly using of ram BOP
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Before releasing lock device, dont open rams with
hydraulic system, dont move tubular
Dont rotate tubular before opening rams
Manual lock device cant open rams, only
way to open rams is to release lock device firstly
and then open rams with hydraulic system
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3-9 Properly using of ram BOP
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Daily maintenance
After entering production zone,
function test rams each trip
Use lock device for long term closing, hanging up
warning sign in control panel
Test ram BOP with full rated work
pressure
Cleaning inside BOP thoroughly after cementing job
Never release borehole pressure by opening ram
BOP
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1.Change seal ring
2.Tighten all nuts
3.Cleaning seal area
3-10 Troubleshooting

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1. Downhole fluid
flows out from
connection
between shell and
sidedoor
1. Sealing damage
between shell and
sidedoor
2. Loose bolts
connection between
shell and sidedoor
3. Impurities exist in
seal ring
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Rearrange BOP control lines
3-10 Troubleshooting
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2. Ram
moving
doesnt fit to
switch plate



Control lines
being connected
wrong
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Clean rams and sidedoor
3-10 Troubleshooting
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3. Rams
couldnt be in
place even
control system
seems ok

Sand, muddy silt
or impurities
exist in ram
contacting area
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Change rod O ring,
repair damaged rod
3-10 Troubleshooting
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4.Downhole
fluid flows to
cylinder mixing
with hydraulic
oil

Rod O ring
damaged, rod
deformed or rod
surface damaged
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Change O ring or new
parts, repair sealing
surface

3-10 Troubleshooting
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5. Unstable
hydraulic system of
BOP control



Damage of
cylinder, rod,
rod O ring or
sealing surface
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Repair sealing surface,
Or change O ring

3-10 Troubleshooting
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6. Oil leaking in
hinge area


Damage of
sealing surface
or O ring
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Change rubber seal,
repair sealing area
3-10 Troubleshooting
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7.Improper
sealing after
closing BOP

Rubber seal
damage, or sealing
area failure of ram
chamber
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Clean silt/sand,
raise control pressure
3-10 Troubleshooting
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8.Fail to open
BOP even
control system
seems ok


Ram stuck by
silt and sand