This document outlines the topics and content covered in the Discrete Mathematics course CBMA2103 at PPW Perak for the September 2012 semester. The course will cover 14 topics related to discrete structures including sets, relations, functions, propositional logic, counting, graphs, and trees. Topic 1 focuses on set theory, defining sets, listing members, operations like intersection and union, and the power set. The tutor is Mr. Jale Bin Ahmad who can be contacted by cell phone or email.
This document outlines the topics and content covered in the Discrete Mathematics course CBMA2103 at PPW Perak for the September 2012 semester. The course will cover 14 topics related to discrete structures including sets, relations, functions, propositional logic, counting, graphs, and trees. Topic 1 focuses on set theory, defining sets, listing members, operations like intersection and union, and the power set. The tutor is Mr. Jale Bin Ahmad who can be contacted by cell phone or email.
This document outlines the topics and content covered in the Discrete Mathematics course CBMA2103 at PPW Perak for the September 2012 semester. The course will cover 14 topics related to discrete structures including sets, relations, functions, propositional logic, counting, graphs, and trees. Topic 1 focuses on set theory, defining sets, listing members, operations like intersection and union, and the power set. The tutor is Mr. Jale Bin Ahmad who can be contacted by cell phone or email.
TOPIC 1 Set 1. Definition: a defined collection of objects 2. Examples: A={1, 2, 3}, B={a, b, c}, C={2,4,6,}, D={all positive even integers}, E={x| x is a positive, even integer} 3. Listing: A,B,C (see above) 4. Specifying properties: D & E (see above) 5. Membership: 4eC, 4eA 6. Cardinality: 7. Empty set: {} or C 8. Number sets: N, W, Z, Q, R
3 A = TOPIC 1 Set 9. Exercises: Q:Write a mathematical property of set A={1,2,3,4,5}. Ans: A={x|xeN, x5}
Q:Describe the property of set B={1,4,9,16,25}. Ans: B={x 2 |xeN, x5} or B={x 2 |xeN, x 2 25}
Q: Specify the property of C={2,4,6,8,}. Ans: C={2k|keN}
TOPIC 1 Set 10. Set Equality: two sets that have the same elements/members. Example: A={1,2,3} and B={x|xeN, x 2 <10}
Please do exe 1.2
11. Venn Diagram: to represent sets
E A TOPIC 1 Set 12.Operations:
a. Intersection: b. Union: c. Complement: or d. Subset: E A B -A AB AB AB A E A B E A AB A AcB E A B AcB TOPIC 1 Set 13. Power set: the set of ALL subsets of a given set. A. Consider A={1,2,3,4} B. List all the subsets of A: {}, {1}, {2}, {3}, {4}, {1,2}, {1,3}, {1,4}, {2,3}, {2,4}, {3,4}, {1,2,3}, {1,2,4}, {1,3,4}, {2,3,4}, {1,2,3,4} C. D. Note that { } { } { } { } { } { } { } { } { } { } { } { } { } { } { } { } { } 4 , 3 , 2 , 1 , 4 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 3 , 1 , 4 , 2 , 1 , 3 , 2 , 1 , 4 , 3 , 4 , 2 , 3 , 2 , 4 , 1 , 3 , 1 , 2 , 1 , 4 , 3 , 2 , 1 , ) ( = A P 16 2 2 ) ( 4 = = = A A P TOPIC 1 Set 13.Cartesian product
Please do exercise 1.8 { } { } { } { } A B B A A B B A B A = = = = = ) 3 , 4 ( ), 2 , 4 ( ), 1 , 4 ( ), 3 , 2 ( ), 2 , 2 ( ), 1 , 2 ( ) 4 , 3 ( ), 2 , 3 ( ), 4 , 2 ( ), 2 , 2 ( ), 4 , 1 ( ), 2 , 1 ( 4 , 2 3 , 2 , 1
Logical progression of twelve double binary tables of physical-mathematical elements correlated with scientific-philosophical as well as metaphysical key concepts evidencing the dually four-dimensional basic structure of the universe