Engineering Education

Introduction to Structured Cabling

PART G
System Design
Issue 3 01/02/03
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Standards Covering Premises cabling
International
ISO 11801
European Union
EN 50173
America
TIA/EIA-568
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Lan Architecture
One floor
Another floor
servers
10/100
router
The outside
world
PSTN, ISDN
leased line
services
Another
building
Gigabit Ethernet
Campus backbone
Your building
10/100 Ethernet switch 10BASE-T/100BASE-T
Gigabit
Ethernet
Switch
100BASE-FX
100Mb/s
backbone

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Structured cabling at its simplest
Horizontal Cabling
PATCHCORD
WALL OUTLET
CABLE
PATCH PANEL
PC
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Structured Cabling System
most common components
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Horizontal Cabling- simplest 2 connector
model TO - Interconnect
PATCHCORD
WALL OUTLET -TO
CABLE
PATCH PANEL
PC
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Horizontal Cabling - 3 connector model
TO-CP-Interconnect
PATCHCORD
WALL
OUTLET-TO
CABLE
PATCH PANEL
PC
Consolidation
Point - CP
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Horizontal Cabling - 3 connector model
TO- Cross-Connect
PATCHCORD
WALL OUTLET - TO
CABLE
Cross-connect PATCH PANELS
PC
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Horizontal Cabling - 4 connector model
TO-CP- Cross-connect
PATCHCORD
WALL
OUTLET- TO
CABLE
Cross-Connect PATCH PANELS
PC
Consolidation
Point CP
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Three layer ISO 11801 hierarchical model
CD
BD
FD
TO
Campus Backbone
cabling
Building
Backbone cabling
Horizontal cabling
BD
FD FD
TO TO TO
Campus Distributor
Building
Distributors
Floor Distributors
Telecommunications Outlets
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11801 Model with centralized optical cabling
Centralized Optical Cabling
CD
BD
FD
TO
Campus
Backbone cabling
Building
Backbone cabling
Horizontal
cabling
BD
FD
TO TO
Campus Distributor
Building
Distributors
Floor
Distributors
Telecommunications Outlets
TO
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STRUCTURED CABLING
There must be 1 BD per building

For every 1000m of USEABLE office space, there
MUST be an FD.
If a floor is SPARSELY populated, then the cables
can be fed from the FD either above or below this
floor.

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The function of BD and FD
may be combined
depending on the layout.

Additional direct links
between FDs are permitted
and are sometimes required
for disaster recovery etc.
FD
FD
FD
TO
TO
TO
CD BD FD
BD/FD
FD
TP
TO
TO
TO
FD
FD
FD
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Building 1 Building 2
Floor
Distributor
Distributor
Building
Horizontal
Cable
max. 90m
Telecom Outlet
Work Area Cable
Optical, Building
Backbone Cable
Campus
Distributor
Building
Distributor
Optical, Campus
Backbone Cable
Note max 2000m
from (CD to TO)
Floor
Distributor
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Floor Distribution
Wiring Closet
Fibre Optic Patch Panel
Optical to Copper
Cabling Hub
Copper
Patch Panel
Fibre Optic
Patch Cord
RJ45 Copper
Patch Cord
Copper 4-Pair
Horizontal Cable
Fibre Optic
Building Backbone
Cable
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Classes and Categories
Class of
Application
Class A Class B Class C Class D Class E
Frequency range 100 kHz 1 MHz 16 MHz 100 MHz 250 MHz
Max distance with
Cat 3* cable
2000 m 200 m 90 m** - -
Max distance with
Cat 5 cable
2000 m 250 -FX 170 -FX 105 FX**
-
Max distance with
Cat 6 cable
2000 m 260 -FX 185 -FX 111 -FX 102-FX**
F = combined length of patchcords/jumpers in the channel
X = ratio of extra loss due to flexible cable used in patch cords,
* Cat 3 components are no longer supported by ISO 11801 2
nd
Ed.
They may still be referenced though from ISO 11801 Edition 1. 2000
** Horizontal channel not > 100m Cable not >90m
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Basic design rules
Max horizontal cable channel - 100 m
Max horizontal cable - 90 m
Max cable run from outlet to campus distributor -
2000 m
Horizontal cabling must be Cat5 , Cat6, Cat7 or
optical fibre
At least two outlets are required for every user
No more than three layers of patch panels ie
Floor Distributor, Building Distributor and
Campus Distributor
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LAN/Cabling Architecture
Main
enterprise
switch
Server
Equipment room
Consolidation
point
Wall/floor
outlet
Cat5/6
Cable
Horizontal cabling
Cat5/6 patch
panels
Ethernet switch
Fibre
patchcord
Optical patch
panel
Floor Distributor
Patchcord
Work Area
MDF
Optical cables to other buildings on the same site
PTT
Cable
Entrance facility
Overvoltage
protection
Customers
equipment
PTT equipment
Backbone optical
cable
Building or
campus
distributor