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Implementation of Urban

Planning: Zoning and


Subdivision Regulations
Stuart Meck, FAICP
Senior Research Fellow
American Planning Association

Module 2: Spatial Analysis and Urban
Land Planning
Legal Authority for
Zoning in the U.S.
The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act
The Standard City Planning Enabling Act
State enabling legislation
Other authorityMunicipal charters

Problems with Early
Zoning Legislation
Urban and local orientation
Static view of municipal development
A process orientation
Optional plan-making
The Zoning
Ordinance: Zoning
Map
The Zoning
Ordinance
District Regulations
Yards
Height
Bulk or Floor Area Ratio
Maximum lot coverage
Maximum impervious surface ratio

Floor Area Ratios




Other Regulations
Accessory structures and uses
Landscaping
Off-street parking and loading
Home occupations
Conditional uses
Signs

Off-street Parking
Standards
Nonconforming Uses
Definition
Nuisance
Lawfully established
Vesting
Amortization
Enforcement
Zoning and Building Permits
Completeness Reviews
Enforcement Procedures
AdministrativeStop work
Criminal
Injunctions


Board of Zoning
Appeals
Structure and organization
Powers
Variances
Conditional Uses
Appeals of interpretations, permit
refusals
Alternative: Hearing examiner

Zoning Map and Text
Amendments
Purposes
Piecemeal amendments
Comprehensive amendments
Map amendment
Consistency with comprehensive plan
Density and intensity, compatibility
Interpretation of plan text
Proposed public improvements
Subdivision
Regulation
Purposes
Legal authority
Contents
Submission requirements
Design standards
Engineering Standards
Erosion and sedimentation control

Subdivision
Regulation
Subdivision Review
Procedure
Preapplication conference
Preliminary plat review
Final plat review
Public improvement guarantees
Time limits
Exactions & fees in lieu
Parks & school sites
Storm drainage
Planned Unit
Development
Urban Growth
Boundary
Transfer of
Development Rights
Density Bonus
Other Techniques
Adequate public facility ordinances
Impact fees
Exclusive farmland districts
Traditional neighborhood development
zones
Overlay districts
Critical and sensitive areas
Floodplain zoning

Current Problems in
Land-use Controls
Exclusionary zoning
Takings
Bureaucracy
Timeliness of reviews
Coordination among governmental units
Gold-plating of development standards
Lack of clear authority for certain
techniques

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