Lesson No.

03

Week No.
03

Name of lesson
Marking Tools
Use:- for linear measurement and
marking.
Material:- spring steel or stainless
steel.
Graduation:- in 10mm, 5mm, 1mm
and 0.5mm in metric system. The
reading accuracy of the steel rule is
0.5mm.
Size:- available in 150mm, 300mm
& 600mm.
STEEL RULE
TRY SQUARE
Stock
Blade
90
Use:- to check the squareness of
machined surface, flatness of
surface, make lines at 90 to the edge
of work pieces & to set work piece at
right angle on work holding device.
Material:- hardened steel.
Size:- available in 100mm, 150mm
& 200mm.
Types:- 1. Fixed try square
2. Adjustable try square
CALIPER:- Calipers are simple measuring entinstrum
used to transfer measurement from steel rule to objects
and vice versa. They are made from tools steel or high
carbon steel.
CALIPER
1. Firm joint caliper:- In the cage of firm joint
caliper, both legs are pivoted at one end.
To take measurement of a work piece, the
caliper is opened roughly to the required
size. Fine setting is done by tapping the
caliper lightly on a wooden surface.
Outside Caliper
2. Spring joint caliper:- For this type of
caliper, the legs are assembled by means of
a pivot loaded with a spring. For opening
and closing the caliper legs, a screw and nut
are provided.
Spring joint caliper have the advantage
of quick setting. The setting made will not
change unless the nut is turned. The size of
caliper is specified by its length, which is
the distance between the pivot centre and
the tip of the leg.
Spring
Pivot
Adjusting
Unit
3. Inside Caliper:- This caliper is used to measure the inside
dimensions like the width of slots, diameter of holes, etc.
Legs of this caliper are bent in outward direction as shown
in figure beside.

Inside Caliper
4. Odd leg Caliper:- This caliper is also known as Jenny
caliper or Hermaphrodite caliper or leg and point
caliper.They are used for marking lines parallel to inside
and outside edges, locating the centre of round bars,
drawing parallel lines along outer edges, scribing lines
along curved edges.
DIVIDER
Use:- for scribing circles, arcs and
transferring and stepping of
distances.
Material:- tool steel or high
carbon steel.
Size:- 50mm to 200mm.
For the correct location and setting of the
divider legs, prick punch marks of 30 are
used.
Both the legs of the divider should always
be of equal length.
Dividers are specified by the type of their
joints and length.
The divider point should be kept sharp in
order to produce fine lines. Frequent
sharpening with an oil stone is better than
sharpening by grinding. Sharpening by
grinding will make the points soft.
Firm Joint
PUNCH
Use:- Punches are used in order to make certain
dimensional feature of the layout permanent.
Material:- They are made of high carbon steel.
Types:- 1. Centre punch(90)
2. Dot punch(60)
3. Prick punch(30)
1. Centre Punch:- The angle of
the point is 90. The punch
mark made by this is wide and
not very deep. This punch is
used for locating hole. The
wide punch mark gives a good
seating for starting the drill.
2. Dot Punch:- The angle of the
point is 60. This punch is used
for marking witness marks.
Dot Punch
Centre Punch
3. Prick Punch:- The angle of the
point is 30. The 30 point
punch is used for making light
punch marks needed to position
dividers. The divider leg will
get a proper seating in the
punch mark.
Prick Punch
SCRIBER
Use:- scribe lines to indicate the dimensions of the work
piece to be filed or machined.
Material:- They are made of high carbon steel.
Types:- 1. Single ended 2. Double ended
3. Knife edge 4. Off-set.

1. Single ended:- This scriber is also
known as Hand scriber. Point is
made on one side only. Knurling is
made on the body of this scriber. It
is used for general marking
purposes.
Grip
Bent
Point
Straight
Point
2. Double ended:- This scriber has
one point each at both ends. One of
which is bent at 90, another point
is kept straight. Centre portion of
body is knurled for better gripping.
This scriber is used mainly in
accordance with scribing block.
3. Knife edge:- This scriber has one
point each at both ends. One of
which is knife edge, another point
is kept straight. Centre portion of
body is knurled for better gripping.
This scriber is used mainly for
plastic and wood working
4. Off-set:- Point of this scriber is made
offset to facilitate the marking of
minimum height and to set zero when
used with Vernier Height Gauge.
SCRIBING BLOCK
Use:- It is used for ; -
- Scribing lines parallel to a datum surface. -
- Setting job on machines parallel to a datum surface. -
Checking the height and parallelism of jobs, setting
jobs concentric to the machine spindle
Types:-
1. Fixed scribing block
2. Universal scribing block.
1. Fixed Scribing Block:- The
fixed type of surface gauges
consists of a heavy flat base
and a spindle, fixed upright,
to which a scriber attached
with a snug and a clamp nut.
Fixed Scribing Block
Scriber
Nut
Spindle
Snug
Base
2. Universal Scribing Block:- This
surface gauge has the following
additional features;
- The spindle can be set to any
position.
- Fine adjustments can be made
quickly.
- Can also be used on cylindrical
surfaces.
- Parallel lines can be scribed from
any datum edge with the help of
guide pins.
Universal Scribing Block
Scriber
Snug
Nut
Spindle
Rocker
arm
Base
Guide
Pin
Fine
adj.
screw
Use:- To support the job and to provide a vertical or
angular plane for marking.
Material:- Angle plates are made from Cast iron or
Steel.
Types:-
1. Solid Angle plate
2. Adjustable Angle Plate
3. Box Angle plate.
ANGLE PLATE
Solid Angle Plate:- This angle
plate is most common. It has the
two plane surfaces perfectly
machined at 90 to each other.
Such angle plates are suitable for
supporting work pieces during
layout work. They are
comparatively smaller in size.
Slots are provided to clamp the
work piece and to reduce the
weight.
Adjustable Angle Plate:-
This angle plate is available to
support job in different angles.
Graduations are marked on it
to set the job at particular
angle. Slots are provided on it
to clamp the job by clamping
bolts. They are available in
Grade-I and Grade-II
Box Angle Plate:- They have
applications similar to those of
other angle plates. After setting,
the work can be turned over
with the box enabling further
marking out or machining. This
is a significant advantage. This
has all the faces machined
square to each other.
Use:- Surface plates are used most widely as a datum
surface in machine shop work.
SURFACE PLATE
Material:- Gray cast iron and Granite.
Specification:- Cast iron surface plates are designated by
their length, breadth, grade and the Indian Standard
number. i.e. C.I. Surface plate 2000 X 1000 Gr1. I.S.
2285.
3 Point suspension
TOP
Heavy
Ribs
BOTTOM
SURFACE PLATE
CONCLUS ION
Thus we get the knowledge of Calipers,
Trysquare, Punch, Scriber, Marking Block,
Surface plate, Angle plate.
QUESTIONS
1. List the types of Marking tools ?
2. What are the types of Calipers?
3. What is the use of Scriber ?
4. What is the use of Try square ?