This document discusses the descending tracts that control voluntary movement. It describes the origin and pathways of several major tracts, including the lateral and medial corticospinal tracts, rubrospinal tract, reticulospinal tract, vestibulospinal tract, and tectospinal tract. It also compares the pyramidal and extrapyramidal motor systems, and discusses some clinical implications like hemiplegia that can result from injuries to structures like the internal capsule.
Original Description:
this presentation gives brief overview of descending tracts. mainly pyramidal tracts.
This document discusses the descending tracts that control voluntary movement. It describes the origin and pathways of several major tracts, including the lateral and medial corticospinal tracts, rubrospinal tract, reticulospinal tract, vestibulospinal tract, and tectospinal tract. It also compares the pyramidal and extrapyramidal motor systems, and discusses some clinical implications like hemiplegia that can result from injuries to structures like the internal capsule.
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This document discusses the descending tracts that control voluntary movement. It describes the origin and pathways of several major tracts, including the lateral and medial corticospinal tracts, rubrospinal tract, reticulospinal tract, vestibulospinal tract, and tectospinal tract. It also compares the pyramidal and extrapyramidal motor systems, and discusses some clinical implications like hemiplegia that can result from injuries to structures like the internal capsule.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Tectospinal, Anterior Corticospinal Motor Areas of Cerebral Cortex Pyramidal Tract • Corticospinal & Corticobulbar • Origin- 30% from motor cortex, 30% from premotor cortex and 40% from parietal lobe • Course: fibers converge towards internal capsule- Corona radiata Lie in genu and anterior 2/3rd of posterior limb of internal capsule middle 3/5th of crus of mid-brain Broken up into scattered bundles by nucleus pontis
Produce a bulge in medulla- pyramids
In lower medulla- 80% fibers cross to opposite
side and descend as lateral corticospinal tract
20% fibers descend uncrossed as anterior
corticospinal tract • Termination: directly on motor neuron or on the interneuron • 55% end in cervical region, 20% in thoracic and 25% in lumbosacral region. Organization through the course
Motor cortex- legs medial & head lateral
Internal capsule- head anterior & legs posterior
Mid-brain- head medial & legs lateral
At each level, the fibers rotate by 90⁰
Corticobulbar tracts • Origin and course is same till pons
• Fibers terminate on cranial nerve nuclei
• Termination may be ipsilateral, contralateral,
or bilateral Functions • Execution of skilled voluntary movements
• Anterior corticospinal tract controls proximal
& axial muscles
• Form part of superficial reflex pathway
Rubrospinal Tract • Originates in magnocellular portion of Red nucleus • Cross over in midbrain and descend on opposite side • Terminate on motor neurons of distal muscles • Has somatotopic map in red nucleus • Concerned with skilled movements Vestibulospinal tract • Lateral vestibulospinal tract arise from Deiter’s nucleus- receive input from utricle & saccule
• Medial vestibulospinal tract originates from
medial & descending vestibular nuclei- receive signals from semicircular canals
• Concerned with muscle tone , posture &
equilibrium Reticulospinal Tract • Medullary reticulospinal tract decreases tone of antigravity muscles
• Pontine reticulospinal tract increases tone of
antigravity muscle
• Under the influence of higher centers
Tectospinal tract • Originate from superior colliculus
• Cross over to opposite side
• Concerned with muscles of head and neck
• Controls visually guided head movements
Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus • Originate from medial vestibular nucleus, reticular formation, superior colliculus and interstitial nucleus of cajal
• Descend uncrossed upto cervical region
• Co-ordination of reflex ocular movement and
integration of eye & neck movements Pyramidal Vs. Extrapyramidal system Characters Pyramidal system Extrapyramidal system