WEEK 7

FINAL DISCUSSION
ON PHYSICS 1 ASSIGNMENTS
S10. A car having a mass of 500 kg is initially traveling with a speed
of 80 km/hr. It slows down at a constant rate, coming to a stop in
a distance of 50 m.

a.) What is the change in the car's kinetic energy over the 50 m
distance it travels while coming to a stop?
b.) What is the net force on the car while it's coming to a stop?
c.) Where is the force applied?
d.) If the car slows to a stop on level ground, is the work done on it
recoverable?
a. AKE = .m. (V
f
2
-V
i
2
) = -1.2 10
5
J
b. AKE = Fnet d; F net = -2.4 10
3
N
c. The force is applied on the cars tires that made them hot.
d. AKE is turned into heat energy (the car's tires, the brakes and the road
get hot) so the work done on the car is not recoverable.
S11 A 1 kg ball is dropped from the top of a cliff and falls with a
constant acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s2). Assume that effects
of air resistance can be ignored.

a.)By how much has the ball's gravitational potential energy changed
after it has fallen by 10 m?
b.) How fast is the ball going after it has fallen by 10 m?
c.) What is the force (if any) that does work on the ball?
d.) How much work has been done on the ball?
e.) Is the work done on the ball recoverable?
a. APE = m. g.(hf-hi) = -98 J
b. APE = AKE; v = 14m/s
c. The force applied on the ball was the gravity force.
d. The work done on the ball equals the energy changed from PE to KE, or
98 J.
e. Technically no, the work done is not increasing the potential energy, it is
decreasing it! No energy is converted into a form that can be tapped into
again.
S12 A car having a mass of 500 kg is initially at rest. A constant
1,000 N net force acts on the car over a distance of 50 m,
causing the car to speed up. After the car travels 50 m, it moves
with constant velocity.

a.) What is the total work done on the car over the 50 m distance it
travels while speeding up?
b.) How fast is the car moving after 50 m?
c.) What is the net force on the car while its moving with constant
velocity?
d.) What is the total work done on the car while its moving with
constant velocity?
a. Work = Fnet d; F net = 5 10
4
J
b. Work = AKE; v = 14m/s
c. The net force is zero because the car moved at constant velocity or no
acceleration.
d. its KE, isn't changing (constant speed). This means the total work is zero.
Using Bernoulli principles, find V
1
of a venturi meter?
2 2 2 1 1 1
. . . . v A v A =
2
2 2 2
2
1 1 1
.
2
1
.
2
1
v P v P + = +
= constant
1
2
2
1
A
A
v
v
=
(

=
2
2
2
1 2
1
1
1 .
) ( 2
A
A
P P
v

Using Bernoulli principles, find V

measured in a pitot tube?

) ( 2
s T
P P
v

=
T s
P v P = +
2
.
2
1

2
2 2 2
2
1 1 1
.
2
1
.
2
1
v P v P + = +
= constant
v
2
v = v
1
0
1
= v
Fluid is stopped in the apparatus
Sample Problem 1
A 90.7 kg block rests on a horizontal
plane. Find the magnitude of the force
P required to give the block an accelera-
tion or 3 m/s
2
to the right. The coef-
ficient of kinetic friction between the
block and plane is
k
= 0.25.
SOLUTION:
Resolve the equation of motion for the
block into two rectangular component
equations.
Unknowns consist of the applied force
P and the normal reaction N from the
plane. The two equations may be
solved for these unknowns.
N
N F
k
25 . 0
N 890 mg W
=
=
= =

x
y
O
SOLUTION:
Resolve the equation of motion for the block
into two rectangular component equations.
: ma F
x
=

( )( )
N 272
s m 3 kg 7 . 90 25 . 0 30 cos
2
=
= R P
: 0 =

y
F
0 N 890 30 sin = P R
Unknowns consist of the applied force P and
the normal reaction N from the plane. The two
equations may be solved for these unknowns.
( ) N 272 N 890 30 sin 25 . 0 30 cos
N 890 30 sin
= +
+ =
P P
P N
N 3 . 667 = P
Sample Problem 2
The two blocks shown start from rest.
The horizontal plane and the pulley are
frictionless, and the pulley is assumed
to be of negligible mass. Determine
the acceleration of each block and the
tension in the cord.
SOLUTION:
Write the kinematic relationships for the
dependent motions and accelerations of
the blocks.
Write the equations of motion for the
blocks and pulley.
Combine the kinematic relationships
with the equations of motion to solve for
the accelerations and cord tension.
Write equations of motion for blocks and pulley.
:
A A x
a m F =

( )
A
a T kg 100
1
=
:
B B y
a m F =

( )( ) ( )
( )
B
B
B B B
a T
a T
a m T g m
kg 300 - N 2940
kg 300 s m 81 . 9 kg 300
2
2
2
2
=
=
=
: 0 = =

C C y
a m F
0 2
1 2
= T T
SOLUTION:
Write the kinematic relationships for the dependent
motions and accelerations of the blocks.
A B A B
a a x y
2
1
2
1
= =
x
y
O
( )
N 1680 2
N 840 kg 100
s m 20 . 4
s m 40 . 8
1 2
1
2
2
1
2
= =
= =
= =
=
T T
a T
a a
a
A
A B
A
Combine kinematic relationships with equations of
motion to solve for accelerations and cord tension.
A B A B
a a x y
2
1
2
1
= =
( )
A
a T kg 100
1
=
( )
( )( )
A
B
a
a T
2
1
2
kg 300 - N 2940
kg 300 - N 2940
=
=
( ) ( ) 0 kg 100 2 kg 150 N 2940
0 2
1 2
=
=
A A
a a
T T
x
y
O
Sample Problem 3
The 5.4 kg block B starts from rest
and slides on the 13.6 kg wedge A,
which is supported by a horizontal
surface.
Neglecting friction, determine (a) the
acceleration of the wedge, and (b) the
acceleration of the block relative to
the wedge.
SOLUTION:
The block is constrained to slide down
the wedge. Therefore, their motions are
dependent. Express the acceleration of
block as the acceleration of wedge plus
the acceleration of the block relative to
the wedge.
Write the equations of motion for the
wedge and block.
Solve for the accelerations.
SOLUTION:
The block is constrained to slide down the
wedge. Therefore, their motions are dependent.
A B A B
a a a

+ =
Write equations of motion for wedge and block.
x
y
:
A A x
a m F =

( )
A A
A A
a g W N
a m N
=
=
1
1
5 . 0
30 sin
( ): 30 cos
A B A B x B x
a a m a m F = =

( )( )
+ =
=
30 sin 30 cos
30 cos 30 sin
g a a
a a g W W
A A B
A B A B B
( ): 30 sin = =

A B y B y
a m a m F
( ) = 30 sin 30 cos
1 A B B
a g W W N
( )
A A
a g W N =
1
5 . 0
Solve for the accelerations.
2
s m 53 . 1 =
A
a
( ) ( ) + =
+ =
30 sin s m 81 . 9 30 cos s m 54 . 1
30 sin 30 cos
2 2
A B
A A B
a
g a a
2
s m 24 . 6 =
A B
a
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) +

=
+

=
=
=
30 sin N 53 N 4 . 133 2
30 cos N 53
30 sin 2
30 cos
30 sin 30 cos 2
30 sin 30 cos
1
A
B A
B
A
A B B A A
A B B
a
W W
gW
a
a g W W a g W
a g W W N
mass of block B mB = 5.4 kg

Weight of block B W
B
= m
B
g = 53 N

mass of Wedge A m
A
= 13.6 kg

Weight of Wedge A W
A
= m
A
g = 133.4 N
Sample Problem 4
The bob of a 2-m pendulum describes
an arc of a circle in a vertical plane. If
the tension in the cord is 2.5 times the
weight of the bob for the position
shown, find the velocity and accel-
eration of the bob in that position.
SOLUTION:
Resolve the equation of motion for the
bob into tangential and normal
components.
Solve the component equations for the
normal and tangential accelerations.
Solve for the velocity in terms of the
normal acceleration.
SOLUTION:
Resolve the equation of motion for the bob into
tangential and normal components.
Solve the component equations for the normal and
tangential accelerations.
:
t t
ma F =

=
=
30 sin
30 sin
g a
ma mg
t
t
2
s m 9 . 4 =
t
a
Solve for velocity in terms of normal acceleration.
( )( )
2
2
s m 03 . 16 m 2 = = =
n n
a v
v
a

s m 66 . 5 = v
:
n n
ma F =

( ) =
=
30 cos 5 . 2
30 cos 5 . 2
g a
ma mg mg
n
n
2
s m 01 . 16 =
n
a
Sample Problem 5
Determine the rated speed of a
highway curve of radius = 122 m
banked through an angle u = 18
o
. The
rated speed of a banked highway curve
is the speed at which a car should
travel if no lateral friction force is to
be exerted at its wheels.
SOLUTION:
The car travels in a horizontal circular
path with a normal component of
acceleration directed toward the center
of the path.The forces acting on the car
are its weight and a normal reaction
from the road surface.
Resolve the equation of motion for
the car into vertical and normal
components.
Solve for the vehicle speed.
SOLUTION:
The car travels in a horizontal circular
path with a normal component of
acceleration directed toward the center
of the path.The forces acting on the
car are its weight and a normal
reaction from the road surface.
Resolve the equation of motion for
the car into vertical and normal
components.
: 0 =

y
F
u
u
cos
0 cos
W
R
W R
=
=
:
n n
ma F =

u
u
u
2
sin
cos
sin
v
g
W W
a
g
W
R
n
=
=
Solve for the vehicle speed.
( )( ) =
=
18 tan m 122 s m 81 . 9
tan
2
2
u g v
s / m 7 . 19 = v
Sample Problem 6
A fixed crane has a mass of 1000 kg
and is used to lift a 2400 kg crate. It
is held in place by a pin at A and a
rocker at B. The center of gravity of
the crane is located at G.
Determine the components of the
reactions at A and B.
SOLUTION:
Create a free-body diagram for the crane.
Determine B by solving the equation for
the sum of the moments of all forces
about A. Note there will be no
contribution from the unknown
reactions at A.
Determine the reactions at A by
solving the equations for the sum of
all horizontal force components and
all vertical force components.
Check the values obtained for the
reactions by verifying that the sum of
the moments about B of all forces is
zero.
Sample Problem 4.1
Create the free-body diagram.
Check the values obtained.
Determine B by solving the equation for the
sum of the moments of all forces about A.
( ) ( )
( ) 0 m 6 kN 5 . 23
m 2 kN 81 . 9 m 5 . 1 : 0
=

+ = B M
A
kN 1 . 107 + = B
Determine the reactions at A by solving the
equations for the sum of all horizontal forces
and all vertical forces.
0 : 0 = + =

B A F
x x
kN 1 . 107 =
x
A
0 kN 5 . 23 kN 81 . 9 : 0 = =

y y
A F
kN 3 . 33 + =
y
A
Sample Problem 7
A loading car is at rest on an inclined
track. The gross weight of the car and
its load is 5500 lb, and it is applied at
at G. The cart is held in position by
the cable.
Determine the tension in the cable and
the reaction at each pair of wheels.
SOLUTION:
Create a free-body diagram for the car
with the coordinate system aligned
with the track.
Determine the reactions at the wheels
by solving equations for the sum of
moments about points above each axle.
Determine the cable tension by
solving the equation for the sum of
force components parallel to the track.
Check the values obtained by verifying
that the sum of force components
perpendicular to the track are zero.
Determine the reactions at the wheels.
( ) ( )
( ) 0 0in. 5
in. 6 lb 980 4 in. 25 lb 2320 : 0
2
= +
=

R
M
A
lb 1758
2
= R
( ) ( )
( ) 0 0in. 5
in. 6 lb 980 4 in. 25 lb 2320 : 0
1
=
+ =

R
M
B
lb 562
1
= R
Determine the cable tension.
0 T lb 4980 : 0 = + =

x
F
lb 4980 + = T
Create a free-body diagram
( )
( )
lb 2320
25 sin lb 5500
lb 4980
25 cos lb 5500
=
=
+ =
+ =

y
x
W
W
Sample Problem 8
A man raises a 10 kg joist, of
length 4 m, by pulling on a rope.
Find the tension in the rope and
the reaction at A.
SOLUTION:
Create a free-body diagram of the joist.
Note that the joist is a 3 force body acted
upon by the rope, its weight, and the
reaction at A.
The three forces must be concurrent for
static equilibrium. Therefore, the reaction
R must pass through the intersection of the
lines of action of the weight and rope
forces. Determine the direction of the
reaction force R.
Utilize a force triangle to determine the
magnitude of the reaction force R.
Create a free-body diagram of the joist.
Determine the direction of the reaction
force R.
( )
( )
( )
636 . 1
414 . 1
313 . 2
tan
m 2.313 m 515 . 0 828 . 2
m 515 . 0 20 tan m 414 . 1 ) 20 45 cot(
m 414 . 1
m 828 . 2 45 cos m 4 45 cos
2
1
= = =
= = =
= = + =
= = =
= = =
AE
CE
BD BF CE
CD BD
AF AE CD
AB AF
o

6 . 58 = o
Determine the magnitude of the reaction
force R.

38.6 sin
N 1 . 98
110 sin 4 . 31 sin
= =
R T
N 8 . 147
N 9 . 81
=
=
R
T
Sample Problem 9
The frame supports part of the roof of
a small building. The tension in the
cable is 150 kN.
Determine the reaction at the fixed
end E.
SOLUTION:
Create a free-body diagram for the
frame and cable.
Solve 3 equilibrium equations for the
reaction force components and
couple at E.
Create a free-body diagram for
the frame and cable.
Solve 3 equilibrium equations for the
reaction force components and couple.
( ) 0 kN 150
5 . 7
5 . 4
: 0 = + =

x x
E F
kN 0 . 90 =
x
E
( ) ( ) 0 kN 150
5 . 7
6
kN 20 4 : 0 = =

y y
E F
kN 200 + =
y
E

= : 0
E
M ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) 0 m 5 . 4 kN 150
5 . 7
6
m 8 . 1 kN 20 m 6 . 3 kN 20
m 4 . 5 kN 20 m 7.2 kN 20
= +
+ +
+ +
E
M
m kN 0 . 180 =
E
M
Sample
Problem 13.2
Two blocks are joined by an inextensible
cable as shown. If the system is released
from rest, determine the velocity of block
A after it has moved 2 m. Assume that the
coefficient of kinetic friction between
block A and the plane is
k
= 0.25 and that
the pulley is weightless and frictionless.
( )
2
2
2 2 1 1
200
2
1
2 * 490 2 *
2
1
2 * 2 * 0
490 1962 * 25 . 0
1962 81 . 9 * 200
v F
v m F F
T U T
N F
N w
C
A A C
A
A
=
= +
= +
= =
= =

( )
s m v
v F
v m F W
T U T
C
B C B
/ 43 . 4
300
2
1
2 * 2 * 81 . 9 * 300
2
1
2 * 2 * 0
2
2
2 2 1 1
=
=
= +
= +