Outline

1 Burma

2 United Kingdom

3 Thailand
Background

1. Regime
• Military + authority
• The State Peace and Development
Council (SPDC)
Background

2. Human right
• Disappearance
• Torture or maltreatment
• Arbitrary interference
• Violation of humanitarian law
• Freedom of speech
• Freedom of movement
• Children
• Right to organize and bargain
• Trafficking
Disappearance
• Private citizens and political activists
• Their families
Torture and other cruel, inhuman
treatment
a) torture
• Questioning, frightening
• Painful position
• Harassment and physical abuse
• Confiscation
• porter
• farmer
Torture and other cruel, inhuman
treatment (con’t)

b) Conditions in prison
• Harsh and threatening
• Food, clothing, medical supplies
• Single mat
• Family visits
• HIV/AIDS
-> health of prisoners
 Arbitrary interference

a) Privacy
b) Telephone service
c) Relocation
d) Children
e) Movement of foreigners
2. Human right

• Violation of humanitarian law: Military use rape:

systematic weapon
• Freedom of speech: arrest, detain , convict &
imprison citizens for expressing political view
• Freedom of movement: denied passport
applications on political grounds
• Children: minimal resource for public education,
child prostitution & trafficking in girls  major
problem.
• Right to organize and bargain: prohibit workers
from striking  lost job
• Trafficking: women & girls for sexual exploitation,
factory labor, household servant, etc.
2009
• Freedom of speech:
The new constitution provides for freedom of
speech and of the press, but the government
continued to restrict.
government's Press Scrutiny Board tightly
controlled all media
• Freedom of movement:
The government maintained close control over
most ethnic leaders' movements, requiring them
to seek permission from the government before
making any domestic trips.
With trafficking in persons: hinder or restrict
international travel for women (>25 years of age)
Children:

By law education is compulsory, free, and

universal through the 4th standard
(approximately age 10), but allocate
minimal resources to public education.
many parents had to supplement
teachers' salaries.
There are laws prohibiting child abuse, but
they were neither adequate nor enforced.
Trafficking:

 The government made limited progress against trafficking in

persons.
 The Ministry of Home Affairs continued to maintain that
there was no complicity of government officials in trafficking
 The government had four vocational training centers and
one house to shelter female trafficking victims; male victims
were temporarily sheltered in training schools.
Right to organize and bargain

• Workers' Supervision Committees (WSCs)

have been created in some government-
designated industrial zones  in WSC
foreign-owned companies, permitted to elect
their representatives.
• The government unilaterally set wages in the
public sector.
• In the private sector, market forces generally
set wages; however, not greater than those
of ministers or other senior government
employees.
Background
• population : 60.8 mil
• a constitutional monarchy with a
multiparty, parliamentary form of
government
a. Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading
Treatment or Punishment
• Police are subject to oversight by the
Independent Police Complaints Commission
• Prison and Detention Center Conditions:
 Prison conditions generally met international
standards
 Overcrowding and poor facilities :the prison
population in England and Wales was reported to
be 83,852 in facilities designed to accommodate
73,595
 under age 16, were held together with adult
prisoners
b. Arbitrary Arrest or Detention
• In most cases police officers may make an
arrest only if they have reasonable grounds
for suspecting someone
• Police may detain an ordinary criminal
suspect for 96 hours without charging him or
her
• Terrorism Act permits a judge to impose
"control orders”
c. Freedom of Speech and Press
• The law forbids the reporting of criminal cases
before they come to trial.
• The 2007 Racial and Religious Hatred Act and
other legislation make it an offense to use
"threatening words or behavior" toward a
religious, ethnic, or racial group
• Internet Freedom:
 Approximately 70 percent of the population used
the Internet
 The government had voluntary agreements with
most ISPs to record all incoming and outgoing
emails and store them for one year
d. Freedom of Movement, Internally Displaced
Persons, Protection of Refugees, and
Stateless Persons
Protection of Refugees:
The laws provide for the granting of asylum or
refugee status in accordance with the 1951
UN Convention relating to the Status of
Refugees and its 1967 protocol, and the
government has established a system for
providing protection to refugees
Background
• Thailand is a democratically governed
constitutional monarchy
• The king is revered and exerts strong
informal influence
• 1997: Many human rights are explicitly
acknowledged, and measures were
established to increase the stability of
elected governments
RESPECT FOR HUMAN
RIGHTS
The Right of Citizens to Change Their
Government WHEN Government Corruption
and Transparency

2006 Thai coup

d'état
A Military Junta
overthrew the interim
government of
Thaksin Shinawatra
Recognition: “SEX CHANGE”

• Thailand and many countries have recognized

the “sex change”
• Prove:
• Change Law
• Medical Association of Thailand: provisions relating
to age are allowed transgender surgery (>18)
• Celebration:
» Miss World for “sex change” people  public