This document provides information about residential lifts, including their history, types, components, and installation considerations. It discusses the early origins of elevators in ancient times and key innovations. The main types of lifts are described, with traction and hydraulic lifts being the most common for residential use. Traction lifts are powered by electric motors and cables, while hydraulic lifts use a piston and cylinder filled with fluid. The document outlines the components and functioning of traction lift systems. It also reviews machine roomless technology and benefits like more compact equipment and faster installation. Vastu guidelines for optimal lift placement are mentioned. Stair lifts are introduced as a affordable option for some residential applications.
This document provides information about residential lifts, including their history, types, components, and installation considerations. It discusses the early origins of elevators in ancient times and key innovations. The main types of lifts are described, with traction and hydraulic lifts being the most common for residential use. Traction lifts are powered by electric motors and cables, while hydraulic lifts use a piston and cylinder filled with fluid. The document outlines the components and functioning of traction lift systems. It also reviews machine roomless technology and benefits like more compact equipment and faster installation. Vastu guidelines for optimal lift placement are mentioned. Stair lifts are introduced as a affordable option for some residential applications.
This document provides information about residential lifts, including their history, types, components, and installation considerations. It discusses the early origins of elevators in ancient times and key innovations. The main types of lifts are described, with traction and hydraulic lifts being the most common for residential use. Traction lifts are powered by electric motors and cables, while hydraulic lifts use a piston and cylinder filled with fluid. The document outlines the components and functioning of traction lift systems. It also reviews machine roomless technology and benefits like more compact equipment and faster installation. Vastu guidelines for optimal lift placement are mentioned. Stair lifts are introduced as a affordable option for some residential applications.
This document provides information about residential lifts, including their history, types, components, and installation considerations. It discusses the early origins of elevators in ancient times and key innovations. The main types of lifts are described, with traction and hydraulic lifts being the most common for residential use. Traction lifts are powered by electric motors and cables, while hydraulic lifts use a piston and cylinder filled with fluid. The document outlines the components and functioning of traction lift systems. It also reviews machine roomless technology and benefits like more compact equipment and faster installation. Vastu guidelines for optimal lift placement are mentioned. Stair lifts are introduced as a affordable option for some residential applications.
The first reference to an elevator is in the works of the Roman architect Vitruvius, who reported that Archimedes (c. 287 BC c. 212 BC) built his first elevator probably in 236 BC.
In some literary sources of later historical periods, elevators were mentioned as cabs on a hemp rope and powered by hand or by animals.
It is supposed that elevators of this type were installed in the Sinai monastery of Egypt.
In 1853, American inventor Elisha Otis demonstrated a freight elevator equipped with a safety device to prevent falling in case a supporting cable should break
2 LIFT / ELEVATOR
An elevator is a type of vertical transport equipment that efficiently moves people or goods between floors (levels, decks) of a building, vessel or other structures. Elevators are generally powered by electric motors that either drive traction cables or counterweight systems like a hoist, or pump hydraulic fluid to raise a cylindrical piston like a jack. The need for vertical transport is as old as civilization. Over the centuries, mankind has employed ingenious forms of lifting. The earliest lifts used man, animal and water power to raise the load.
5 RESIDENTIAL TRACTION ELEVATORS MOST COMMONLY USED HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS USED UPTO 13 MTS. TRACTION ELEVATOR
A modern day elevator consists of a cab (also called a "cage" or "car") mounted on a platform within an enclosed space called a shaft or sometimes a "hoist way". In a "traction" elevator, cars are pulled up by means of rolling steel ropes over a deeply grooved pulley, commonly called a sheave in the industry. The weight of the car is balanced by a counterweight. Sometimes elevators lifts always move synchronously in opposite directions, and they are each other's counterweight. The friction between the ropes and the pulley furnishes the traction which gives this type of lift its name.
6 7 GEARLESS ELECTRIC TRACTION GEARED ELECTRIC ELEVATORS MACHINE ROOM LESS (M.R.L) TRACTION SYSTEM
The traction elevator system is the most popular grace to its flexibility. The traction machine is of two types: geared and gearless. The geared machine is composed of 2 parts: the gear box and the electric motor. The machinery location may be at the overhead or basement of hoist way. The evolution in the lift technology in the 90's allow the building owner to install his elevator without machine room, called MRL (Machine Room Less). For high speed elevator in high-rise building, only traction system can achieve the task. 8 SIZES
Section through cage/ car Section through shaft / hoist way TRACTION SYSTEM
11 Plan of machine room View of traction system GEARLESS SYSTEM
12 13 GEARED SYSTEM
14 TYPICAL TRACTION ELEVATOR HOISTWAY 15 TRACTION LIFT CAR 16 MACHINE ROOM LESS (M.R.L)
Machine-room-less elevators include machinery and equipment into the hoistway or closets, doing away the need for a separate machine room. Designed for buildings between two and 30 stories, this system employs a smaller sheave than conventional geared and gearless elevators. The reduced sheave size, together with a redesigned machine, allows the machine to be mounted within the hoistway itselfeliminating the need for a bulky machine room on the roof. The machineroom-less elevator is the result of technological advancements that often allow a significant reduction in the size of the electric motors used with traction equipment. These newly designed permanent magnet motors (PMM) allow the manufacturers to locate the machines in the hoistway overhead, thus eliminating the need for a machine room over the hoistway. 17 THE TRADITIONAL ROPES WRAPS STEEL CORDS AROUND A FLEXIBLE CORE THE NEW FLAT BELT WRAPS A FLEXIBLE POLYRUTHANE COATING AROUND STEEL CORDS WHICH ALLOWS A SMALLER SHEAVE CORE DIAMETER MAKING IT POSSIBLE FOR A MORE COMPACT ELEVATORE SYSTEM WITHOUT A MACHINE ROOM 18 19 BENEFITS OF M.R.L
1. Gearless permanent magnet machine 2. 1 m/s to 1.6m/s speed range 3. 10 to 16 passenger load range (680 - 1088kg) 4. Smooth ride (first class roller shoe suspension) 5. Cabin finishes to choice 6. Versatile landing and car door configurations 7. Fast installation methods and time saving. 8. No machine room, No ventilation problems, No vision windows etc. 9. Earthquake friendly with jigged guiding 10. Shallow pits etc 11. Small control cabinet on upper level 12. Time and Money-Saving Benefits-Long life cycle, Low running cost, Easy installation and service Cost-efficient elevator application 13. Totally integrated system for greater reliability HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS Hydraulic elevators are elevators which are powered by a piston that travels inside a cylinder. An electric motor pumps oil into the cylinder to move the piston. The piston smoothly lifts the elevator cab. Electrical valves control the release of the oil for a gentle descent. Hydraulic elevators are used extensively in buildings up to five or six stories high. These elevators, which can operate at speeds up to 46 meters (150 ft) per minute, do not use the large overhead hoisting machinery the way geared and gearless traction systems do. There are three types of hydraulic elevator; holed hydraulic, hole less hydraulic and roped hydraulic.
20 TYPES OF HYDRAULIC LIFTS Holed hydraulic With holed hydraulic systems, the elevator car is mounted on a piston that travels inside a cylinder. The cylinder extends into the ground to a depth equal to the height the elevator will rise. As hydraulic fluid is pumped into the cylinder through a valve, the car rises. As the fluid returns to the reservoir, the car descends.
Hole-less hydraulic Hole-less hydraulic consists of pistons mounted inside the hoist way to raise and lower the car. This is especially a solution for buildings built in bedrock, a high water table or unstable soil conditions locations that can make digging the hole required for a conventional hydraulic elevator impractical. Hole-less hydraulic systems use a direct- acting piston to raise the car.
Roped hydraulic Roped hydraulic elevator extends the rise of the hole-less elevator to 18 meters (60 ft), without the need for a belowground cylinder. Roped hydraulic elevator systems have the piston attached to a sheave which has a rope passing through it. One end is attached to the car while the other is secured at the bottom of the hoist way. Also, roped hydraulic systems require governor because the rope is holding the car up, not the piston.
21 22 CASE STUDY
BUILDING NAME : E W - 08 SOCIETY NAME : EVERSHINE WOODS LOCALITY NAME : KANAKIA AREA NAME : MIRA ROAD (EAST) 23 TWO LIFTS PROVIDED OF 6 PERSON CAPACITY (480 KG) INTERIOR OF THE LIFT PROVIDED 24 25 26 27
VASTU FOR LI FTS Constructing lift or elevator in a building is a trend as well as necessity now days, as with the coming up of apartments and multi-storey homes lift is important to incorporate. Vastu provide some significant rules regarding the construction, location and placement of lift in a building. Vastu recommends proposing lift North or East and exact North-east corner must be avoided. Lift should not come directly in the front of main door or entrance door. South and West direction is also fine for placing lift while avoid South-west corner must be avoided. Avoid mirror in the lift 28
STAI R LI FTS For people who think that incorporating residential elevators in their homes requires a lot of financial investment, stair lifts is an affordable and appropriate option for them. Stair lifts are convenient for people who are suffering from arthritis or Alzheimer's disease. They are equipment which are meant for carrying a person up and down the staircases. Such sets include a metal track which can directly be attached to the staircase, and a car on which the individual sits, that goes up and down the stairs. In some cases, a 'perch' is used, which is a small platform on which the person stands. Stair lifts can only be best used on a straight stairway. In the case of a curved stairway, residential elevators are the best alternative. They can be incorporated much sooner than curved stairway lifts. 29 If they are installed, they would surely add value to your home, which will in turn appreciate the price of your house, if you decide to sell it in future. A curved stairway lift won't have much resale value as it would only be used on an identical staircase. 30
NEW TRENDS ENVIRONMENTAL "GREEN" ELEVATORS An environment-friendly residential elevator from DAY can help you save space, time and money. The Volant and Destiny Gearless elevators feature the latest in gearless motor technology that can reduce energy consumption. These green residential elevators come with a range of environment-friendly features that can save home-owners up to 30% or more on their energy costs. Gearless drive system does not require a machine room Low overhead clearance and pit requirements save space Quiet, whisper-soft operation with smooth start and stop Minimal equipment to set up Energy-efficient halogen lighting 31 No gearing eliminates the need for lubricants that hydraulic elevators require to ensure smooth operation and also avoids oil leaks that can pollute the environment These home elevators can also be made to seamlessly blend with your interior as they come with a variety of options for handrail and car gate finish besides stylish choices for car interiors such as melamine, wood veneer, raised panel hardwood or inset wood panels. 32