DELHI TRANSCO LIMITED

STATE LOAD DESPATCH CENTRE

DELHI
WELCOMES TO ALL THE
PARTICIPANTS
TRAINING
ON
SCADA
SCADA
SUPERVISORY CONTROL
AND
DATA ACQUISITION
INTRODUCTION
TO
Introduction to SCADA
SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acuisition!
" Earlier #SCADA$ syste% utili&ed data acuisition 'y %eans o( panel o(
%eters) li*+ts and strip c+art recorders,
" -arious control .no's (or %anually supervisory control,
I T'S TI ME FOR... IT'S TIME FOR... IT'S TIME FOR...
Sensors to panel using 4-20mA or Voltage
Sensors
Sensor to Pne! T"#e o$ SCADA
Ad%nt&es'
"
It is si(#!e
"
Sensors connected direct!" to t)e (eters* s+itc)es
nd !i&)ts on t)e #ne!,
Disd%nt&es'

Stor&e o$ Dt is (ini(! nd di$$icu!t to

stor&e,

-. )ours (onitorin& o$ Di!s

No re(ote site (onitorin&

Si(u!tion o$ re!/ti(e dte is not #ossi0!e,

A(ount o$ +ire 0eco(es un(n&e0!e $ter t)e

inst!!tion o$ )undred o$ sensors,
Today$s SCADA Syste%
/odern SCADA syste% uses tele%etry to connect
euip%ent and syste% separated 'y lar*e distance,
"
Tele%etry is used to send co%%ands) pro*ra%s and
receive %onitorin* in(or%ation (ro% re%ote location
"
SCADA is co%'ination o( tele%etry and Data
acuisition
"
Earlier relay lo*ic 0as used to control production and
plant syste%s
"
No0 di*ital electronics incorporated into relay lo*ic
"
PLC ( Pro*ra%%a'le lo*ic controller! is still one o( t+e
%ost 0idely used control syste% in industry
"
/onitorin* and %ore control devices) t+e PLC 0ere
distri'uted and 'eco%e %ore intelli*ent,
As t)e n(e SCADA 1Su#er%isor" Contro! nd Dt
Ac2uisition3 i(#!ies its $unctions re t+o $o!d'
Scns t)e (onitored s"ste(* o0tinin& nd deri%in& dt
0out t)e stte nd o#ertin& 0e)%ior o$ de%ices
4
Pro%ides t)e c#0i!it" to send contro! si&n! out to t)ose
de%ices to (odi$" t)eir o#ertion 1Not used 0" DTL t
#resent3,
1SCADA S"ste(s re used in industri! en%iron(ent suc)
s e!ectric! #o+er &enertion trns(ission nd
distri0ution* +ter su##!" s"ste(* &s nd oi! #i#e!ines or
n" ot)er distri0uted #rocesses3,
CONCEPTULI5ATION'
"
LOAD MONITORING AND LOAD CALCULATION O6
VARIOUS GRID ELEMENTS WAS MANUAL
"
GRID OPERATION AND MANAGEMENT* 6AULT
ANALYSYS WAS MANUAL* TIME CONSUMING AND
CUM7ERSOME
"
OPERATOR SITTING AT REMOTE PLACE WERE
DEPENDANT ON IN6ORMATION COLLECTED
THROUGH TELEPHONE AND WIRELESS
COMMUNICATION 6OR THE A7OVE PURPOSE,
"
TO IMPROVE POWER SYSTEM OPERATIONS 7Y
MONITORING AND CONTROL O6 POWER SYSTEM
NETWOR8S* SYSTEM COORDINATION AND CONTROL
1SC4C3 PRO9ECT WAS STARTED* 6INANCED 7Y
WORLD 7AN8AND TO 7E IMPLEMENTED 7Y PGCIL,
"
Adaptation 0or. at su'1station and *eneratin*
stations to %eet t+e reuire%ent o( data
acuisition t+rou*+ RTUs
"
Associated dedicated co%%unication net0or.
co%prisin* (i're optic) %icro 0ave 2 PLCC
"
Au3illiary po0er syste% co%prisin* UPS)D4
set and 56 v DC po0er supply syste%
"
Associated in(rastructrual
(acilities,
"
DATE O6 COMMERCIAL
OPERATION
"
:;/:</-::-

RSCC
SLDC
728
(4LADNI!
SLDC
99/9
(CHANDI4ARH!
SLDC
HPSE9
(SI/LA!
SLDC
D-9
(DELHI!
SLDC
H-PNL
(PANIPAT!
SLDC
PSE9
(PATIALA!
SLDC
RSE9
(HEERAPURA!
SLDC
UPSE9
(LUC8NO:!
SU9
LDC
(;!

SU9
LDC
(<!

SU9
LDC
(5!

SU9
LDC
(=!

SU9
LDC
(5!

SU9
LDC
(=!

SU9
LDC
(=!

SU9
LDC
(>!

RTUs RTUs RTUs RTUs RTUs RTUs RTUs RTUs
RTUs
GENERAL ARCHITECTURE
-NR

/INTO ROAD SLDC
ALDC
4A?IPUR
ALDC
4OPALPUR
ALDC
9A:ANA
RTUs
;37AWANA
-3 8AN9HAWALA
=3 ROHINI
.3NARELA
>3 SHALIMAR 7AG

C@E
GENERAL ARCHITECTURE DTL
(ORIGINAL)
RSCC
ALDC
9A/NAULI
RTUs
;3GOPALPUR
-3 SU75I MANDI
=3 SOUTH O6 W57
.3 8,GATE
>3 GEETA COLONY

C@E
RTUs
;3GA5IPUR
-3 I,P,POWER
=3 PRAGATI
.3 RPH
>3 PATAPRGAN9
?3LODHI Rd,
@3 PAR8 STREET
<3 SARITA VIHAR
C@E
RTUs
;3 7AMNAULI
-3 PAPAN8ALAN/;
=3 PAPAN8ALAN/-
.3 MEHRAULI
>3 N9A6GARH
?3 NARAINA
@3 O8HALA
<3 VASANT8UN9

C@E
C@E
RTU LOCAL
/INTO ROAD SLDC
RTUs
7AWANA
8AN9HAWALA
ROHINI
NARELA
SHALIMAR 7AGH
DSIDC
MUND8A
CCGT 7AWANA
GENERAL ARCHITECTURE DTL
(MODIFIED)
RSCC
RTUs
GOPALPUR
SU75I MANDI
SOUTH O6 W57
8,GATE
GEETA COLONY

RTUs
7AMNAULI
PAPAN8ALAN/;
PAPAN8ALAN/-
MEHRAULI
NA9A6GARH
NARAINA
O8HLA
VASANT8UN9
MAS9ID MOTH

C@E
RTUs
GA5IPUR
I,P,POWER
PRAGATI
RPH
PATPARGAN9
LODHI Rd,
PAR8 STREET
SARITA VIHAR
RIDGE VALLEY
TRUMA CENTRE
LOCAL
AA==B .- /a+arani 9a*+ Havin* SAS under inte*ration
C@E
<;t+ /arc+ =BB5 <;

Acuirin* data in real ti%e is t+e (unda%ental

(unction o( SCADA Syste%,

T+is is reuired (or visuali&in* t+e state o(

%onitored syste% in real ti%e,

In our case %onitored syste% is DTL net0or. as

0ell as nort+ern *rid 0+ic+ consists o( su'1stations)
*eneratin* stations etc,,
Data A!uisition- O"#E$TIVE
REAL1TI/E IN@OR/ATION DISPLACED
9C SCADA @OR OPERATIONAL USE D
ANALO4 -ALUED
"
/:) /-AR) @REEUENCC) -OLTA4E) CUREENT and TAP
POSITION o( various ele%ents o( a su'1station,
"
Te%p,) Hu%idity) :ind Speed) :ind -elocity and at%osp+eric
pressure at selected locations,
DI4ITAL STATUS O@ D
"
LINE ISOLATOR) CIRCUIT 9REA8ER) 9US ISOLATORs)
"
RELAC INDICATION (or selected protection relays,
(Trans(or%erF D4 Oil level) No, o( C9 Operations) Status o(
Eart+in* S0itc+es etc, can also 'e %onitored!
Analo* data acuisition
Transducer
RTU
Analo*
Card
51=B %A OFP
Au3, Po0er
56- DC
CT 2 PT
Si*nals (ro%
CFR Panel
Di*ital data acuisition
PositionFState
Si*nals (ro%
CFR Panel
C/Rs
Contact /ultiplyin* Relays
RTU
di*ital
Card
56 v Di*ital Si*nal
56 v Au3,
Po0er
Dt Ac2uisition 6ro( RTU
Comm.
Equip.
Control Panel
SCADA
Communications
Front End
RTU

Host
SCADA Data
Raw Data
RTU
Data
SCADAMOM
Comm.
Equip.
OPGW * PLCC*Pi!ot c0!e* Lesed !ine
or Micro+%e Co((uniction
Mediu(
Data Flo% to $ontrol $enter

T+ere are t0o routes o( data (lo0 to

SCADA syste% in SLDCD1

@ro% RTU directly reportin* to SCADA

control center via C@E 2 T@E (Data
Servers!,

@ro% ot+er control centers t+rou*+

ICCP servers,
C6E/ Co((uniction 6ront End 1Hrd+re3
T6E/ Te!e(eter" 6ront End 1So$t+re3 inst!!ed t Dt ser%ers,
ICCP/ Inter Contro! Center Co((uniction Protoco!
RTUs
SUBLDC
DS
SLDC
ICCP
RSCC
ICCP
RSCC
DS
SLDC
OPERATOR CONSOLE
SLDC
DS
RTUs
RTUs
DATA O@
RSCC 2
OTHER
SLDCs
RTUs
REPORTIN
4 TO RSCC
Data (lo0 in ULDC sc+e%e
RTUs
REPORTIN
4 TO SLDC
RSCC
OPERATOR CONSOLE

TFE software running on data servers issues

commands to CFE.

Upon receiving command from TFE, CFE polls

relevant RTUs for getting the data.

The RTU collects analog data from the transducers

and digital data through CMR systems and provide it
to the CFE.

TFE software stores the data in SC! data"ases

on data server. #here necessary conversions and
limit chec$ing etc. ta$es place.
Data From Diretl& Reporting RT'
Flo% (rom )iret reporting RT's
Splitter
RT'
S*00
RT'
S*00
Router + Router 2
Ethernet
Remote Control
Centers
Data Server 1 Data Server 2
SCADA
TFE
$FE + $FE 2
SCADA
TFE
Critical RTU Non Critical RTU
Minto rod
8nA)+!
S0Bi (ndi
8s)(eri&te
Go#!#ur
Geet co!on"
Lod)i rod
PrC Street
Srit Vi)r
Me)ru!i
S)!i(r0&)
Ro)ini
WBir0d
P#nC!n/I
P#nC!n/II
Nrin
NA$&r)
Rid&e V!!e"
GBi#ur
IP Po+er
Pr&ti
RPH
Pt#r&nA
OC)!
7+n
7(nu!i
Critical RTU
Non Critical RTU
Flo% From Ot,er $ontrol $enters

!ata flow "etween control centers ta$e place via %CC&

Server. %t acts as gateway of data "etween control
centers.

t sending end, %CC& Server ac'uires data from data

server and sent to %CC& server of other control center.

t receiving end, %CC& server gets data and stores it

in SC! data"ase on data server.

#hen %CC& server acts as transit server for

transferring data from one control center to other, it
does it without using data server.
Flo% From Ot,er $ontrol $enters
ICCP server
Master
Router +
From ICCP Servers
of Remote Control
Centers
Router 2
ICCP server
Standby
Data Server
Master
Data Server
Standby
Ethernet
SCADA
SCADA
TFE TFE
ICCP
ICCP
SCADA dt0se is t)e (in dt0se o$ t)e ULDC
s"ste(,
A!! ot)er su0 s"ste(s &et dt $ro( t)is dt0se,
A!! re! ti(e dt $irst co(es to SCADA dt0se,
O#ertor dis#!"* HIM* HDR* ICCP 4 ot)er contro!
centers &ets dt $ro( SCADA Dt0se,
Importane o( S$ADA Data-ase
SCADAFE/S SER-ER
"
SCADA
"
DISTUR9ANCE DATA COLLECTION
"
REAL TI/E NET:OR8F4ENERATION
"
STUDC NET:OR8F4ENERATION
ICCP SER-ER

SUPPORT INTER-SITE EXCHANGE WITH

THE SLDCs and th S!"-LDC# RSCC$
HIMD ISR SERVER
"
REAL TIME DATA SNAP SHOT

HISTORICAL INFORMATION RECORDING

HISTORICAL INFORMATION RETRIE%AL

REPORT GENERATION
NETWOR8 MANAGEMENT CONSOLE
"
/ONITORS AND /ANA4ES THE
HARD:ARE CONNECTED TO THE LAN
SO6TWARE

DATA7ASE
HA7ITAT SO6TWARE ENVIRORNMENT USED @OR
DE-ELOP/ENT AND SUPPORT O@ REAL TI/E
IN@OR/ATION IN SCADA SCSTE/ ,
()%TT %S (E%RR%C(* !T )SE, C+,S%STS +F
!T)SES, !%S&*-S, ,! &R+.RMS

OPERATING SYSTEM
OPEN -/S (-IRTUAL /E/ORC SCSTE/! OPERATIN4
SCSTE/ USED
Process o$ inte&rtin& Su0/sttion in
SCADA S"ste(
"
RTU ' INSTALLATION AND COMMISSIONING 1Connectin&
re2uired $ie!d in#uts into RTU t s#eci$ic !octions3
"
PREPARATION O6 SU7STATION TOPOLOGY ' Dt0se
cretion o$ su0sttion 0sed on re!istic su0sttion in$or(tion,
"
PREPARATION O6 RTU TOPOLOGY' RTU Dt0se cretion
0sed on re!istic RTU (e(or" ddress in$or(tion,
"
COMMUNICATION '
;3 Est0!is)(ent o$ #)"sic! co((uniction !inC* i$ re2uired 1t"#e
o$ co((uniction !inC/OPGWD6I7RE*PLCC*Micro+%e1Rdio3
4 !esed !ine,
-3 De$inin& co((uniction to#o!o&" in dt0se,
"
ONLINING PROCESS' Modi$ied dt0se is creted on
de%e!o#(ent ser%er nd send to dt ser%er 0" usin& s#eci! too!s
nd ##!ictions,
UTILITY

/ONITORIN4 O@ REAL TI/E ANALO4 AND DI4ITAL STATUS O@

DI@@ERENT 4RIDS AND 4ENERATIN4 STATION O@ NR RE4ION,

TRENDIN4

LOAD @ORCASTIN4

HDR(HISTORICAL DATA RECORDIN4!

HI/(HISTORICAL IN@OR/ATION /ANA4E/ENT!

TA44IN4 AND ALAR/S

SEEUENCE O@ E-ENTS

STATE ESTI/ATOR

REAL TI/E CONTI4ENCC ANALCSCS

LOAD @LO: ANALCSCS

LOAD SHEDDIN4
REGIONAL SUMMARY
SEQUENCE O6 EVENTS
CO//UNICATION DAI4RA/
DELHI 5BB8-F==B 8- NET:OR8 DIA4RA/
SIN4LE LINE DIA4RA/ O@ ==B 8- PAR8STREET
I%p Line @lo0
Load 22@orecastin*
Trend o( Del+i Load
TREND O6 6REQUENCY
DTL TRANS@OR/ER LOADIN4
@UTURE O@ SCADA

/ULTI @UNCTION TRANSDUCER

RTU 9EIN4 REPLACED 9C 9AC CONTROL UNITS

:INDO: 9ASED OPERATIN4 SCSTE/S and IP

9ASED SCADA UTILITC

SU91STATION AUTO/ATION (/ANLESS SU9 STATION!

T,at.s All