Optical Transport Network &

Optical Transport Module

"Digital Wrapper"
Maarten Vissers
Consulting Member of Technical Staf
Lucent Technologies
email: mvissers@lucent.com
April 2002
2
April 2002
Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection Monitoring

OTM ignals

Maintenance ignals

Mapping Client ignals

Multiple!ing

"irtual Concatenation

OTN tan#ar#s
3
April 2002
Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection

Monitoring

OTM ignals

Maintenance ignals

Mapping Client ignals

Multiple!ing

"irtual Concatenation

OTN tan#ar#s

OTN C$aracteristics

Transitional Approac$es

%inal &$ase

O'('O processing
o)*ectives

Digital processing
o)*ectives
4
April 2002
OTN Characteristics

New transport networking layer +carrier gra#e solution,

Next step (after SDH/SONET) to support ever growing data
driven needs for bandwidth and emergene of new broadband
servies
! Terrabit/seond per fiber via D"D# $ines (transport $eve$)
! %igabit/seond paths at &'( %b/s) *+ %b/s) ,+ %b/s
(networ-ing $eve$)
Servie transparen. for SDH/SONET) ETHE/NET) 0T#) 12)
#23S
! No change of SDH/SONET!
! One exeption4 interpretation of ST#53O6 a$arm 7 ST#5
01S due to OTN fai$
Enhaned O0# 8 networ-ing funtiona$it. for a$$ servies
Shortest ph.sia$ $a.er sta- for data servies (12 OTN
6iber)
5
April 2002
OTN Characteristics

-iga)it level )an#wi#t$ granularity re.uire# to scale an#

/anage /ulti0Tera)it networks
"ave$ength $eve$ swithing maximi9es noda$ swithing apait.)
the gating fator for reonfigurab$e networ- apait.
0voids ver. $arge numbers of fine granu$arit. pipes that stress
networ- p$anning) administration) survivabi$it.) and management

April 2002
Transitional Approaches - Assessment

(!ten#e# D1 (attempt at creating a new layer using SDH

elements)
:andwidth mu$tip$iation b. means of TD# more %igabit/s on
fiber (,x)
2roprietar. approahes attempting to arr. $ower rate ST#5N
;in$uding a$$ overhead< as a =servie> within a higher rate ST#5#
(#?N)
! strong$. $imited@ SDH mu$tip$exing hierarh. not designed to arr.
the ST#5N (i'e' =itse$f>) as a servie

No timing transparen.

A+B of ST#5N/OC5N overhead b.tes not passed through

No ST#5N/OC5N independent monitoring

! #u$tip$e proprietar. imp$ementations reated in industr.

no interwor-ing
!
April 2002
Transitional Approaches - Assessment

&re0OTN WDM (simple transport - vs. networking - solution)

:andwidth mu$tip$iation b. means of "D# Terabit/s on fiber
(*++x)
C$ient signa$ (e'g' ST#5N) %bE) diret on wave$ength
! simp$e transport) no monitoring
! or $ient speifi non5intrusive monitoring

per $ient t.pe a monitor is needed

additiona$ $ient t.pe imp$ies additiona$ monitor to be

added
! a$arm suppression signa$ (e'g' 01S) speifi per $ient t.pe

additiona$ $ient t.pe imp$ies additiona$ a$arm suppression

signa$ to be added
2oint5to5point app$iation that an transport ST#5N/OC5N as a
servie
"
April 2002
Final Phase

OTN (networking solution)

#anagement enab$er of "D# networ- b. means of addition of@
! Overhead to DD and Dmu$ti5D signa$s

Dnon5assoiatedD or Dout5of5hanne$D overhead4 e'g'

preventing a$arm storms
! Optia$ Channe$ (OCh) $a.er

ST#5N) 12) 0T# and Ethernet signa$s mapped

(DwrappedD) into OCh frame (OCh Data Enit (ODEk))
6irst transmission tehno$og. in whih eah sta-eho$der gets its
own (ODEk) onnetion monitoring
1n addition ODEk supports/provides@
! ST#5N independent monitoring) beoming a servie signa$ Ditse$fD)
shortest ph.sia$ $a.er sta- for data servies) TD# muxing) ST#5
N inverse mu$tip$exing) $ient independent protetion swithing)
p$esiohronous timing (no s.n networ- reFuired)
#
April 2002
O/E/O Obecti!es

Mini/ise O'('O processing in OTN

O/E/O proessing at edges of administrative/vendor
(sub)domains
! Span engineering
O/E/O proessing at edges of proteted or swithed domain
! Span engineering (short/$ong route effets)
! Signa$ 6ai$ 8 Signa$ Degrade ondition determination

1f more than * optia$ transparent subnetwor- is in$uded

O/E/O proessing at intermediate points
! Span engineering ($ong $ine setions)
! 3osses in optia$ fabris
O/E 8 E/O proessing around e$etria$ fabri
$%
April 2002
"i#ital Processin# Obecti!es

Digital processing at locations w$ere O'('O is alrea#y

per2or/e#
6au$t and degradation detetion
Servie 3eve$ 0greement (S30) verifiation
Signa$ 6ai$ 8 Signa$ Degrade ondition determination for
protetion and restoration (e'g' if high aura. is reFuired)
$$
April 2002
Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection

Monitoring

OTM ignals

Maintenance ignals

Mapping Client ignals

Multiple!ing

"irtual Concatenation

OTN tan#ar#s

Layer Networks

Client ignals

Optical C$annel tructure

Contain/ent Relations$ips

(!a/ple o2 Layer Network

Trails

OTN 3nter2aces

tan#ar#ise# an#
"&roprietary" tacks
$2
April 2002
OTN $a%er Networks & Client &i#nals

T$ree new layer

networks4
one D%bit/sD path
$a.er
! OCh
two setion
$a.ers
! O#Sn
! OTSn
sing$e hanne$
setion $a.er@
! O2S+

Client signals4
12/#23S
0T#
Ethernet
ST#5N
Optical Multiplex Section (OMSn)
layer network
Optical Transmission Section (OTSn)
layer network
Optical Transport Module of order n
(OTM-n, n)
!"#M"$S ATM %T&%'(%T STM-(
OTM
")ysical
Section
(O"Sn)
OTM-0
OTM-nr, n*
STM-(
+,%
!nterworkin-
wit) pre-OT(
Optical .)annel (O.))
layer network
$3
April 2002
Optical Channel &tructure

Optical C$annel layer

network consists o2 567
structures4
Digita$@
! OCh Data Enit
(ODEk)
! OCh 2a.$oad Enit
(O2Ek) -G*)&)H)
! OCh Transport
Enit (OTEk)
OTE-I)
0na$ogue@ OCh
Optical .)annel /ata 0nit (O/0k)
O"0m (m*k)
O/0m (m*k)
O/0k .1
T
/
M

Multiple!ing +TDM,
ODEk mu$tip$exing

OD8k virtual
concatenation
.12 .onnection 1unction
Optical .)annel Transport 0nit
(OT0k, OT0k3)
Optical .)annel (O.))
O.) .1
S
T
M
-
(
+
,
%
!" ATM %T&%'(%T STM-(
Optical .)annel "ayload 0nit
(O"0k)
$4
April 2002
Optical Transport Mo#ule
OPSn
OTUk Optical C$annel +OC$,
Optical C$annel Carrier +OCC, OCC OCC OCC
Client
ODUk FEC OH
OC$ Transport 8nit +OT8k,
OPUk OH OC$ Data 8nit +OD8k,
Client OH OC$ &ayloa# 8nit +O&8k,
W
r
a
p
p
e
r
A
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d

o
v
e
r
h
e
a
d
OTN Containment 'elationships
OPS0
Optical &$ysical ection
OTM Over$ea# ignal
Optical upervisory C$annel
OC
OOS
OSC
OH
OH
OH
N
o
n
-
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d


o
v
e
r
h
e
a
d
OSn
OTSn
Optical Multiple! ection
Optical Trans/ission ection
$5
April 2002
OTN $a%er Network Trails

(!a/ple o2 OTn9 OMn9 OC$9 OT8k9 OD8k9 O&0 trails

Transport of ST#5N signa$ via OT#5+) OT#5n and ST#5N $ines
D:C
5R
5R
5R
OTn OTn OTn OTn OTn
OMn OMn OMn
TM0N
OD8k
Client
Client
5R
D:C
O&0 On
O
T
M
-
0
O
T
M
-
n
S
T
M
-
N
OD:C
OCADM LT R R LT
3T 3ine Termina$ w/ optia$ hanne$ mu$tip$exing
OC0D# Optia$ Channe$ 0dd/Drop #u$tip$exer
ODJC ODE Cross5Connet
H/ O/E/O w/ /eamp$ifiation) /eshaping 8 /etiming and monitoring
/ /epeater
OC$9 OT8k OC$9 OT8k
OC$9 OT8k
$
April 2002
OTN (nter)aces

8ser to Network 3nter2ace +8N3,

Network No#e 3nter2ace +NN3,

1nter Domain 1nterfae (1rD1)
1ntra Domain 1nterfae (1aD1)

between eFuipment of different vendors (1rI1)

within subnetwor- of one vendor (1aI1)

OTM
8N3
OTM NN3
3aD303r"3
OTM NN3
3aD303a"3
OTM NN3
3aD303a"3
Network Operator ;
"en#or : "en#or <
OTM
NN3
3rD3
Network
Operator
C
8(R
A
$!
April 2002
OMn
OTn
OTM0n=/
%ull
2unctionality
OC$
OT8k" OT8k"
use# wit$in OTN transparent
su)networks> i/ple/entations
are very /uc$ tec$nology #epen#ent
OT8k
OD8k
Clients +e=g= TM0N9 ATM9 3&9 (t$ernet,
O&8k
OD8k&
OD8kT
O&n
OTM00=/
OTM0nr=/
Re#uce#
2unctionality
OC$r
O
C
$
s
u
)
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e
OT8k
use# )etween +an# wit$in, OTN
transparent su)networks
&tandardised & *Proprietar%* stacks
&roprietary ele/ents4

OTM0n=/
optia$ parameters
number of
wave$engths
bit rates of
wave$engths
supervisor.
hanne$

OT8k"
6EC
frame format
ODE- mapping
$"
April 2002
Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection

Monitoring

OTM ignals

Maintenance ignals

Mapping Client ignals

Multiple!ing

"irtual Concatenation

OTN tan#ar#s

Application

Nesting

Overlapping
$#
April 2002
Multi-le!el Connection Monitorin#+
Applications
NO A
NO ;
NO C
8R7
8R2
OD8k
OD8k
2ath C#
Ierif. KoS C#
EN15EN1 C#
NN15NN1 C#
Working
&rotection
"/2 C#
Client
Si!nal
Client
Si!nal
4oS of client si-nal transport is monitored ,y 0ser 4oS of pro5ided leased circuit is monitored ,y Ser5ice "ro5ider 4oS of pro5ided leased circuit is monitored ,y (etwork Operator 4oS pro5ided ,y leased circuit is monitored ,y 0ser
Status of workin- 6protection7 connection is monitored for
S1 and S/ switc) conditions
ODUk switched circuit: U!-U! "#
to initiate $connection re-esta%lishment$
2%
April 2002
Multi-le!el Connection Monitorin#+
Nestin#
A7 ;7 C7 C2 ;2 ;5 ;? A2
A7 0 A2
;7 0 ;2
C7 0 C2
;5 0 ;?
TCM7 TCM7
TCM2
TCM7
TCM2
TCM5
TCM7
TCM2
TCM7 TCM7
TCM2
TCM7
TCM2
TCM5
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
TCMi
TC# OH fie$d not in use
TCMi
TC# OH fie$d in use
TCM2
TCM5
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
TCM2
TCM5
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
TCM5
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
TCM5
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
TCM5
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
2$
April 2002
Multi-le!el Connection Monitorin#+
Nestin# and O!erlappin#
A7 ;7 C7 C2 ;2 A2
A7 0 A2
;7 0 ;2
C7 0 C2
TCM7 TCM7
TCM2
TCM7
TCM2
TCM5
TCM7
TCM2
TCM7
TCMi
TC# OH fie$d not in use
TCMi
TC# OH fie$d in use
TCM2
TCM5
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
TCM2
TCM5
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
TCM5
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
TCM5
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
TCM?
TCM@
TCMA
22
April 2002
Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection

Monitoring

OTM ignals

Maintenance ignals

Mapping Client ignals

Multiple!ing

"irtual Concatenation

OTN tan#ar#s

OTM 3nter2ace ignals

OT#5*Lr'm
OT#5+'m
OT#5n'm

OTM ignals versus OTN 3'%

OTM Over$ea# ignal

%ra/e %or/ats
OTEk& ODEk

Over$ea#
OTEk& ODEk

OT8k"

Over$ea# versus OTN 3'%

23
April 2002
OTM-,-r.m &i#nal /m0,12131,21231,234

8p to 7A wavelengt$s carrying tra22ic9 wit$ 2i!e# 200 -1B gri#

in#epen#ent o2 )it rate +2-@9 70-9 ?0-,

Optical para/eters accor#ing to 3T80T Reco//en#ation -=C@C=7

;it rate an# 2or/at o2 t$e associate# over$ea# accor#ing to 3T80T

Reco//en#ation -=D0C

No Optical upervisory C$annel +OC,

non5assoiated overhead not reFuired4 i'e' H/ points at eah end) no repeaters
O
T
M
0
7
A
r
=
m

16

5
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+?! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+?! 2@A)ytes,
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+?! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+?! 2@A)ytes,
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+?! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+?! 2@A)ytes,
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+?! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+?! 2@A)ytes,
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+?! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+?! 2@A)ytes,
24
April 2002
OTM-5.m &i#nal /m0,12134

ingle c$annel signal +"colourless"4 7570 or 7@@0 n/,

Optical para/eters accor#ing to 3T80T Reco//en#ation

-=C@C=7

;it rate an# 2or/at o2 t$e associate# over$ea# accor#ing to

3T80T Reco//en#ation -=D0C

No Optical upervisory C$annel +OC,

non5assoiated overhead not reFuired4 i'e' H/ points at eah end) no
repeaters
O
T
M
0
0
=
/
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+? ! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+? ! 2@A)ytes,
25
April 2002
OTM-n.m &i#nal /m0,12131,21231,234

8p to "n" wavelengt$s carrying tra22ic9 wit$ a gri# #epen#ent on

)it rate

7 "out0o20)an#" Optical upervisory C$annel +OC, transporting

t$e OTM Over$ea# ignal +OO,

OTM Over$ea# ignal transports OT9 OM9 OC$ +non0

associate#, over$ea# an# -eneral /anage/ent co//unications
O
T
M
0
n
=
m
OT# Overhead Signa$ (OOS)

OSC
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+? ! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+?! 2@A )ytes,
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+? ! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+?! 2@A )ytes,
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+? ! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+?! 2@A )ytes,
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+? ! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+?! 2@A )ytes,
*
&
H
,
* *L *M HN&,
&ayloa#
+? ! 5E0E )ytes,
HN&( ,+N+
OT8k %(C
+?! 2@A )ytes,

8
2
April 2002
OTM &i#nals !ersus OTN (nter)aces
OT-n"# OT-$%r"# OT-0"#
UN& - '
(Note $)*+
'
(Note $)*+
&rD& - '
(Note $),+
'
(Note $),+
&r-& - '
(Note $).+
'
(Note $).+
NN&
&aD&
&a-& ' ' '
Note $ - These inter/aces re01ire an OTUk to 2e present"
Note * - A restricted set o/ ODUk overhead is transparentl3 transported thro1!h the net4ork" This is
s125ect o/ re!1lations"
Note , - A restricted set o/ ODUk overhead is transparentl3 transported thro1!h the net4ork(s+ o/
the do4nstrea# operator(s+" This is s125ect o/ re!1lations"
Note . - A restricted set o/ ODUk overhead is transparentl3 transported thro1!h the do4nstrea#
s12net4ork(s+ 4ith e01ip#ent o/ (an+other vendor(s+"
Note 6 - Other OT inter/aces #a3 2e added in /1t1re versions o/ 7"809"
2!
April 2002
OTM O!erhead &i#nal /OO&4
6Non-associated overhead
:D1@ :a-ward Defet 1ndiation
6D15O@ 6orward Defet 1ndiation 5 Overhead
6D152@ 6orward Defet 1ndiation 5 2a.$oad
OC1@ Open Connetion 1ndiation
2#1@ 2a.$oad #issing 1ndiation
TT1@ Trai$ Trae 1dentifier

OO 2unctions su)*ect to stan#ar#iBation

OO )it rate F 2or/at not stan#ar#iBe#

N
o
n
-
A
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
d

o
v
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a
d
O
T

n
n
3
2
O
C
$
1
-eneral Manage/ent Co//unications
"en#or
peci2ic
O
M

n
%D30O
%D30&
OC3
O.) O& extensions may ,e
expected in future to support e9-9
O.) protection (e9-9 O.) S"rin-)
;D30O
;D30&
&M3
%D30&
%D30O
;D30O
;D30&
&M3
TT3
2"
April 2002
OT7k and O"7k )rame )ormats /k0,12134
H
N
&
(
,
+
N
+
*MN
*
,
*
(
*
L
*
M
H
N
&
,
*
&
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,
O&8 k &ayloa#
O
&
8
k

O
1
O&8k 0 Optical C$annel &ayloa# 8nit
OD8k
OD8k 0 Optical C$annel Data 8nit
Client ignal
/appe# in
O&8k &ayloa#
Client ignal
OT8k
%(C
OT8k
O1
OT8k 0 Optical C$annel Transport 8nit
Align/
Align/ent
k in#icates t$e or#er4
7 2=@-
2 70-
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,

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2#
April 2002
OT7k and O"7k O!erhead /k0,12134
6Associated overhead
Align/
O&8 k &ayloa#
O
&
8
k

O
1
OD8k
OT8k
O1
*
&
H
,
* *L Row
Colu/n
M N
%RAM( AL3-NM(NT O"(R1(AD AR(A OT8k &(C3%3C O"(R1(AD AR(A
OD8k &(C3%3C O"(R1(AD AR(A
*, *(
O
&
8
k

&
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C
3
%
3
C
O
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(
R
1
(
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A
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TCM
ACT
TCM@ TCM?
TCM5 TCM2 TCM7
TCMA
-CC7 -CC2
%T%L
&M
:ES
R( A&'&CC
M R( -CC0 %A M%A
0 0 : 2;
1ault
!ndication
1ield
Operator
&denti/ier
Operator Speci/ic
2< 2: 8< 8; 2==
1ault
!ndication
1ield
Operator
&denti/ier
Operator Speci/ic
For4ard ;ack4ard
6T63
#apping
8 Conat
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Mapping
F Concat
peci2ic
&((
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&T
TT3 ;3&0E
' ( ) * + , - .
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2
#
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;(3
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0 =
So1rce Access
Point &denti/ier
82 >8
Operator Speci/ic
> 8
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Point &denti/ier
TT3
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#60S@ #u$ti6rame 0$ignment Signa$
2CC@ 2rotetion Communiation Contro$ hanne$
2#@ 2ath #onitoring
2S1@ 2a.$oad Struture 1dentifier
/ES@ /eserved for future internationa$
standardisation
S#@ Setion #onitoring
TC#@ Tandem Connetion #onitoring
0CT@ 0tivation/deativation ontro$ hanne$
02S@ 0utomati 2rotetion Swihing
oordination hanne$
EJ2@ Experimenta$
60S@ 6rame 0$ignment Signa$
6T63@ 6au$t T.pe 8 6au$t 3oation
reporting hanne$
%CC@ %enera$ Communiation Channe$
HC
HC
HC
NHO &HO
R(
R(
R(
3%
April 2002
OT7k8 /k0,12134

%ra/e 2or/at is ven#or speci2ic

%orwar# (rror Correction co#e is ven#or speci2ic

Mini/u/ over$ea# set to support is4

Trai$ Trae 1dentifier
Error Detetion Code (e'g' :12)
:a-ward Defet 1ndiator
:a-ward Error 1ndiator
(:a-ward) 1noming 0$ignment Error

Ot$er over$ea# is ven#or speci2ic

OD8k /apping into OT8k" is ven#or speci2ic

3$
April 2002
O!erhead !ersus OTN (nter)aces

OTM 3nter2ace &orts on 3& Router9 ATM witc$9 (t$ernet

witc$ an# D1 e.uip/ent s$oul# support t$e
2ollowing /ini/u/ set o2 over$ea#
O2E- C$ient Speifi
O2E- 2a.$oad Struture 1dentifier (2S1)
ODE- 2ath #onitoring (2#)
OTE- Setion #onitoring (S#)
6rame 0$ignment (60S) #60S)
*
&
H
,
* & H , ( L M N
%A M%A
A *+ ** *& *H *, *( *L
&M
&3
M
O
&
8
k
&
a
y
l
o
a
#
O
T
8
k

%
(
C
all00Is pattern
Client
peci2ic
32
April 2002
O!erhead !ersus OTN (nter)aces

Over$ea# passe# t$roug$ network

OT# EN1 to OT# EN1
OT# NN1 1rD1 to OT# NN1 1rD1
OTM
8N3
8(R
A
Network
Operator
J
OTM
NN3 3rD3
Network
Operator
L
OTM
NN3 3rD3
Network
Operator
M
OTM
8N3
8ser
K
33
April 2002
O!erhead !ersus OTN (nter)aces

Over$ea# passe# t$roug$ network 2ro/ OTM 8N3 to

OTM 8N3 inter2ace
O2E- 2S1) C$ient Speifi
ODE- 2#) TC# 0CT) TC#*''TC#n) TC# 0CT) /ES
ODE- %CC*) %CC& aording ontrat
ODE- 02S/2CC definition is under stud.
*
&
H
,
* & H , ( L M N
%A M%A
A *+ ** *& *H *, *( *L
&M
&3
M
O
&
8
k
&
a
y
l
o
a
#
O
T
8
k

%
(
C
)ase# on regulations an# contract
TCM7==TCMn are passe# t$roug$9
TCMn67==TCMA /ay )e overwritten
Client
peci2ic
-CC7 -CC2
R(
TCM
ACT
%T%L
-CC0 R(
(:&
A&'&CC R(
passe# t$roug$ ter/inate# an# re0inserte#
TCMA TCM@ TCM?
TCM5 TCM2 TCM7
#e2inition is un#er stu#y
)ase# on contract /ay )e overwritten in network
34
April 2002
O!erhead !ersus OTN (nter)aces

Over$ea# passe# t$roug$ network 2ro/ OTM NN3 3rD3

to OTM NN3 3rD3 inter2ace
O2E- 2S1) C$ient Speifi
ODE- 2#) TC# 0CT) TC#*''TC#m) TC# 0CT) 6T63) /ES
! DmD in TC#m ? DnD in TC#n (EN15EN1)
ODE- %CC*) %CC& aording ontrat
ODE- 02S/2CC definition is under stud.
)ase# on regulations an# contract
TCM7==TCM/ are passe# t$roug$9
TCM/67==TCMA /ay )e overwritten
*
&
H
,
* & H , ( L M N
%A M%A
A *+ ** *& *H *, *( *L
&M
&3
M
O
&
8
k
&
a
y
l
o
a
#
O
T
8
k

%
(
C
Client
peci2ic
-CC7 -CC2
R(
TCM
ACT
%T%L
-CC0 R(
(:&
A&'&CC R(
passe# t$roug$ ter/inate# an# re0inserte#
TCMA TCM@ TCM?
TCM5 TCM2 TCM7
#e2inition is un#er stu#y
)ase# on contract /ay )e overwritten in network
35
April 2002
Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection

Monitoring

OTM ignals

Maintenance ignals

Mapping Client ignals

Multiple!ing

"irtual Concatenation

OTN tan#ar#s

%orwar# De2ect 3n#ication

+%D39 A3,

;ackwar# De2ect F (rror

3n#ication +;D39 ;(3,

Open Connection 3n#ication

+OC3,

Locke# +LCJ,

%ault Type F %ault Location

+%T%L,
3
April 2002
OTN Maintenance &i#nals+
Alarm &uppression
R
R
R
R
R
*+++

/fiber
x AL fibers/ab$e
x ( ab$es/dut
G (++- $ost signa$s
GG? (++- 3OS a$arms in networ-
OMS-FD
use o2 OTN /aintenance
signals %D39 A3 an# &M3 will
re#uce nu/)er o2 alar/s
2ro/ @00k to 7 per )roken 2i)er
5R
at H/ point OCh56D1
is onverted into
ODE-501S
O
D
!
k
-
"

S
OTS-#M OTS-#M
use of OTN maintenane
signa$ OTS52#1 (and O#S52#1)
wi$$ prevent OTS ;O#S< 3OS a$arm
when none of

s is presentOCh-FD
OCh-FD
OCh-FD
OCh-FD
at $ine termination point
O#S56D1 is onverted
into OCH56D1
3!
April 2002
OTN Maintenance &i#nals+
Alarm &uppression /F"(1 A(&4
OMn
O
C
$
OTn
O
M
S
n
-
F
D

O
C
h
-
F
D

O
C
$
O
C
h
-
F
D

O
C
$
O
C
h
-
F
D

O
C
$
O
C
h
-
F
D

O
C
$
O
C
h
-
F
D

O
C
$
O
C
h
-
F
D

O
T
8
k
O
T
!
k
-
"

S
O
D
8
k
O
D
!
k
-
"

S
%
u
t
u
r
e

s
e
r
v
e
r

l
a
y
e
r
C
;
R
+

T
M
0
N
,
g
e
n
-
"

SA
T
M
$
#
-
"

S
3
&
%
M
&
L

M
#
&
S
-
F
D

(
t
$
e
r
n
e
t
%
OMSn-#M
OTSn-#M
O
D
!
k
-
"

A3'%D3 at
$ients

A3 at
ODEk

A3 at
OTEk

%D3 at
OCh

%D3'&M3 at
O#Sn

&M3 at
OTSn
3"
April 2002
OTN Maintenance &i#nals+
Alarm &uppression /F"(1 A(&4

-enerate# at egress o2 OMn9 OC$ an# OD8k Link

Connections

3nserte# on #etection o2 ignal %ail

OMn0%D3 an# OC$0%D3

is non5assoiated overhead

OD8k0A3
is speia$ ODE- signa$ pattern (+x66)
*
&
H
,
* *M HN&,
0$$5*Os pattern
N M *,
6
T
6
3
60 OH OTE- OH
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
3#
April 2002
9eneric-A(& :&TM-A(&;

New /aintenance signal L TM0N level

a ontinuous repeating &+,M5bit 2N5** (* 7 x
A
7 x
**
) seFuene

-enerate# in OTN tri)utary ports

ingress trib@ on detetion of ST#5N 3OS
egress trib@ on detetion of ODEk signa$ fai$ t.pe defet

To )e #etecte# in D1 line'tri) ports in a##ition to TM0LO% as

"TM0A3"
n e'i(ting e)*i+ment ,etecte, a( STM-&OF
SDH
OTN
with SDH trib
OTN
with SDH trib SDH
ST#5N
ST#5N
OT#5n
OT#5n
3OS
ODE-
ODE-
gen'
01S
framer
ST#
d01S
OO6/16
desr
gen'
01S
ST#5N
ST#5N
3OS
ODE-
ODE-
gen'
01S
framer
ST#
d01S
OO6/16
desr
gen'
01S ST#
d3O6
ST#
d3O6
detection
insertion
4%
April 2002
OTN Maintenance &i#nals+
<ackward (n)ormation /<"(1 <E(4

RD3'R(3 at
C$ients

;D3';(3 at
ODEk
OTEk

No ;3 at
OCh

;D3 at
OTSn
O#Sn
OMn
O
C
$
OTn
O
C
$
O
C
$
O
C
$
O
C
$
O
C
$
O
T
8
k
O
D
8
k
%
u
t
u
r
e

s
e
r
v
e
r

l
a
y
e
r
C
;
R
+

T
M
0
N
,
A
T
M
3
&
M
&
L

(
t
$
e
r
n
e
t
OMSn--D-#
OMSn--D-O
OTSn--D-#
OTSn--D-O
OT!k--D
OT!k--E
OD!k--D
OD!k--E
.D
.E
.D
.E
% -D %
4$
April 2002
OTN Maintenance &i#nals+
Open Connection (ndication /OC(4

-enerate# in a %a)ric

3nserte# w$en output port is not connecte# to input

port

OC$0OC3
is non5assoiated overhead

OD8k0OC3
speia$ ODE- signa$ pattern (+xLL)
*
&
H
,
* *M HN&,
/epeating D+**+ +**+D pattern
60 OH
N M
OTE- OH
*,
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
42
April 2002
OTN Maintenance &i#nals+
$ocked /$C=4

-enerate# in OD8k Tan#e/ Connection en#point

3nserte# w$en A#/inistrative tate is Locke#

to b$o- a user to aess the onnetion
to prevent test patterns within the networ- entering a user
domain

OD8k0LCJ
speia$ ODE- signa$ pattern (+x(()
*
&
H
,
* *M HN&,
/epeating D+*+* +*+*D pattern
60 OH
N M
OTE- OH
*,
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
S
T
0
T
43
April 2002
Fault T%pe & Fault $ocation /FTF$4

1elps ervice &rovi#er to auto/atically locate 2ault'#egra#ation to

speci2ic Network Operator #o/ain

No nee# to call aroun# any longer

ection an# Tan#e/ Connection en#points insert %T%L in 2orwar#

#irection on #etection o2 % or D con#ition

peci2ic %T%L 2unction at 8N3

extrats forward info and sends it in opposite diretion as ba-ward info
fi$ters outgoing and inoming 6T63 information (seurit. issue)

peci2ic %T%L e!traction 2unction

reads 6T63 forward and ba-ward information at intermediate point a$ong
onnetion
C&(7
NO C
NO A
NO ;
NO D
C8TOM(R
;4: A4: &4:
:4A :4&
3
r
D
3
3
r
D
3
3
r
D
3
3
r
D
3
3
r
D
3
3
r
D
3
;4:
OTE- Setion Termination ODE- Tandem Connetion Termination ODE- 2ath Termination ODE- EN1 Tandem Connetion Termination EFuipment
44
April 2002
Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection

Monitoring

OTM ignals

Maintenance ignals

Mapping Client ignals

Multiple!ing

"irtual Concatenation

OTN tan#ar#s

C;R +e=g= TM0N,

3&9 (T1(RN(T

ATM

Test ignals

;it strea/ wit$'wit$out

octet ti/ing

;it Rate Agnostic C;R

45
April 2002
Mappin# &TM-N /N0,-1->12?-4

-=D0C provi#es
two /appings 2or
TM0N signals
bit s.nhronous
as.nhronous

-=D0C #e2ines
interworking
)etween )ot$
/appings
ommon
demapper) and
bit s.nhronous
mapping has
fixed
Pustifiation
Contro$ (PC)
*
M
*
N
H
N
&
,
*
&
H
,
2
P
O
N
P
O
P
C
D D D
HN+(D
D D D
HN+(D
D D D
HN+(D
D D
HN+(D
P
C
P
C
2
S
1
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
*
(
*
L
*
M
2
P
O
H
N
&
,
*
A
+
(
*
A
+
,
*
A
&
+
*
A
&
*
**N x *LD **A x *LD
**A x *LD
**A x *LD
**A x *LD
*
&
H
,
N
P
O
P
C
P
C
P
C
2
S
1
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
*
(
*
L
**N x *LD
**N x *LD
*(D 7 **M x *LD
*L6S
*L6S
*L6S
*L6S
*
M
2
P
O
H
N
&
,
*
&
L
,
*
&
L
(
*
&
N
+
*
&
N
*
&
(
,
,
&
(
L
*
&
(
,
(
&
(
L
+
MN x *LD MA x *LD *
&
H
,
N
P
O
P
C
P
C
P
C
2
S
1
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
*
(
*
L
MN x *LD
MN x *LD
*(D 7 MM x *LD
*L6S
*L6S
*L6S
*L6S
MA x *LD
MA x *LD
MA x *LD
MA x *LD *L6S
*L6S
*L6S
*L6S
MA x *LD
MA x *LD
MA x *LD
S
T
M
-

>
S
T
M
-
>
?
S
T
M
-
2
=
>
/2 /ata, 1S2 1ixed Stuff, @.2 @ustification .ontrol, (#"@O2 (e-ati5e#"ositi5e @ustification Opportunity
4
April 2002
Mappin# (P and Ethernet

-=D0C provi#es an encapsulation 2or packet )ase# client signals

T$ere is no nee# 2or D1 or 70-0(t$ernet to encapsulate 3&

A new protocol is )eing #e2ine#4 -eneric %ra/ing &roce#ure

a generi mehanism to arr. an. pa-et signa$ over fixed rate hanne$s
(e'g' SDH) SONET and OTNOs ODEk) 5 1TE5T /e' %'gfp
Aandwidt) for +1" stream in
O/02 2 ?<< 820 k,it#s
O/022 : ::= 2;> k,it#s
O/082 ?0 =0 =: k,it#s
*M HN&,
O&8k
Over$ea#
O&8k &ayloa#
-%& %ra/e
b.tes
*
&
H
,
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
2
S
1
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
*( *L
R(
&((
+
*
&T
&3
, ,5L((H(
-%& 3#le %ra/e
b.tes
,
4!
April 2002
' ( ) * + , - .
+
/0*
/0+
&ayloa#
1ea#er
&ayloa#
3n2or/ation
%iel#

o
p
t
i
o
n
a
l
&
a
y
l
o
a
#

%
C

.
1
(!tension
1ea#er
/0*
' ( ) * + , - .
+
,
-
T<&( Q*(@+N?
T<&( Q+M@++?
t1(C Q*(@+N?
t1(C Q+M@++?
' ( ) * + , - .
'
(
)
*
&L3 Q*(@+N?
&L3 Q+M@++?
c1(C Q*(@+N?
c1(C Q+M@++?
-)
-(
-'
p%C QH*@&,?
p%C Q&H@*L?
p%C Q*(@+N?
p%C Q+M@++?
' ( ) * + , - .
'
(
)
*
+
,
-
Core
1ea#er
&ayloa#
Area
.

Octet
2it
/0) e1(C Q*(@+N?
e1(C Q+M@++?
* / ,*
-%& %ra/e
' ( ) * + , - .
'
(
)
*
Octet
2it
00 +;A, $e!
00 +A;, $e!
00 +57, $e!
00 +(0, $e!
-%& 3#le
&T3
8&3
1
' ( ) * + , - .
e1(C Q*(@+N?
e1(C Q+M@++?
pare Q+M@++? '3
''
'(
&inea/ 0ith F/ame
M*lti+le'ing
&
%
3
(:3 +
,
.
' ( ) * + , - .
+
,
-
T<&( Q*(@+N?
T<&( Q+M@++?
t1(C Q*(@+N?
t1(C Q+M@++?
C3D Q+M@++?
N
u
l
l

1
e
a
#
e
r
C1D@ Channe$ 1D
EJ1@ Extension Header 1D
6CS@ 6rame Che- SeF
HEC@ Header Error Che-
261@ 2a.$oad 6CS 1nd
231@ 2a.$oad 3ength 1nd
2T1@ 2a.$oad T.pe 1D
E21@ Eser 2a.$oad 1D
,++),
9eneric Framin# Procedure 9.@5>,
4"
April 2002
Mappin# ATM

-=D0C provi#es a /apping 2or cell )ase# client signals

Mapping ATM into OD8k is si/ilar to /apping into D1

*M HN&,
O&8k
Over$ea#
O&8k &ayloa#
ATM cell
(H b.tes
*
&
H
,
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
2
S
1
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
*( *L
R(
&((
+
*
&T
&3
Aandwidt) for ATM stream in
O/02 2 ?<< 820 k,it#s
O/022 : ::= 2;> k,it#s
O/082 ?0 =0 =: k,it#s
4#
April 2002
Mappin# Test &i#nals

-=D0C provi#es a /apping 2or test signals

Two test signals are #e2ine#

NE33 seFuene (a$$5+Os)
T*(,&NH+5++
(**,MHA)
'%S
2==
0

"T
"S!

2
8
?
> ; 8<2? < =
'%S
'%S
'%S
'%S
'%S
'%S
'%S
"S!
O"0k O&
'ow
.olumn
O"0k "ayload (? x 8<0< ,ytes)
All-0<s pattern
5%
April 2002
Mappin# Test &i#nals

Two test signals are #e2ine# +continue#,

& *,M ,NH L,M5bit 2seudo /andom :inar. SeFuene (2/:S)
* 7 x
&N
7 x
H*
! groups of N suessive 2/:S bits are mapped into a data b.te
*
M
H
N
&
,
O&8k &ayloa# +? ! 5E0E )ytes,
*
N
D D D HN+(x D
D D D HN+(x D
D D D HN+(x D
D D D HN+(x D
*
&
H
,
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
2
S
1
/
E
S
/
E
S
/
E
S
*
(
*
L
O&8k O1
R(
&((
+
*
&T
&3
5$
April 2002
Mappin# bit stream with:out; octet timin#

-=D0C provi#es a generic /apping 2or client signals

encapsulate# into a )it strea/9 wit$ or wit$out octet ti/ing

A regional stan#ar#s organisation or an in#ustry 2oru/ /ay

#eploy t$is /apping 2or a new client signal

3t /ust also #e2ine t$e O&8k Client peci2ic +C, over$ea#

*
&
H
,
*L *M HN&,
Row
Colu/n
O&8k &ayloa# +? ! 5E0E )ytes,
*N *(
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
&3
O&8k O1
R(
&((
+
*
&T
&3
C4 Client peci2ic over$ea#
52
April 2002
<it 'ate A#nostic C<' Mappin#

New /apping /et$o# w$ic$ /aps a C;R signal o2 any

rate +wit$in a range up to O&8k payloa# capacity,

;it rate is a 2i!e# )it rate wit$ a s/all tolerance in t$e

pp/ range=

%or inclusion in -=D0C version 2

Description in -=D0C Living List

%urt$er #evelop/ent in 2007'2002 ti/e2ra/e

53
April 2002
Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection

Monitoring

OTM ignals

Maintenance ignals

Mapping Client ignals

Multiple!ing

"irtual Concatenation

OTN tan#ar#s

Wavelengt$ Division
Multiple! +WDM,

Ti/e Division Multiple!

+TDM,

TDM Tri)utary lots

TDM Over$ea#

TDM Mapping
54
April 2002
Aa!elen#th "i!ision MultipleB

OTM07Ar=/ signal
*L hanne$s
fixed &++ %H9 grid independent of bit rate of OCh signa$
designed for interwor-ing purposes

OTM0n=/ signal
no predefined number of hanne$s
no predefined grid
grid ma. depend on bit rate of OCh signa$
! e'g' &() (+) *++ %H9 for OTE*) OTE&) OTEH resp'
deve$opments in tehno$og. are driving apabi$ities
55
April 2002
Aa!elen#th "i!ision MultipleB - &tructure
OTE*;I<
OTE&;I<
OTEH;I<
OT#5n'm
! k
! *
! i
OC%5n'm
OCC
OCC
OCC
x *
x *
x *
7 i6*6k n
OCh
OCh
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x *
x *
x *
OT#5nr'm
! k
! *
! i
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OCCr
OCCr
OCCr
x *
x *
x *
7 i6*6k n
OChr
OChr
OChr
x *
x *
x *
OSC
x *
OOS
OTS) O#S) OCh) CO##S OH
x *
x *
x *
OT#5+'m
5
April 2002
Time "i!ision MultipleB

TDM /u!ing in t$e OTN will )e applie# 2or4

$ower rate servie signa$ transport
! in $ong distane $ine s.stems and/or sub5networ-s
optimised for sing$e (higher) bit rate
inreased throughput
! in optia$ fabris and/or sub5networ-s
redued administrative omp$exit.
! in $arge networ-s
$ower ost networ-s

TDM /u!ing intro#uces a##itional co/ple!ity w$en

tri)utary signal /ust )e route#
reFuires demux and mux stages around swith fabri
5!
April 2002
Time "i!ision MultipleB

TDM /u!ing is /u!ing o2 OD8k signals into $ig$er

or#er OD8k signals
ODE* into ODE&
ODE* and/or ODE& into ODEH
! ODE* into ODE& into ODEH is possib$e) but not the
reommended method when ODE*s are the servie signa$s that
are to be swithed/ross onneted within an DODEH networ-D
! if ODE*s enter suh ODEH networ- via ODE&) the ODE& is
terminated at the edge and the ODE*s are remu$tip$exed into an
ODEH
! if ODE& is servie signa$) of ourse no demuxing/remuxing wi$$
our at edges

Multiple!ing via )yte interleaving

5"
April 2002
Time "i!ision MultipleB - &tructure
ODEH O2EH
x *
OTE*;I<
OTE&;I<
OTEH;I<
x *
x *
x *
#apping #u$tip$exing
ODE& O2E&
x *
x ,
x *L

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O2E*
C$ient Signa$
C$ient
Signa$
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ODTE%H
ODTE%&
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x *
5#
April 2002
Time "i!ision MultipleB - artist impression

?! OD87 into OD82

payloa#
ODE* adapted to
ODE& $o- via
Rustifiation
adapted ODE*
signa$s b.te
inter$eaved into O2E&
ODE& and OTE&
overhead added

OD87 2loats in M o2
t$e O&82

OD87 2ra/e will

cross an OD82 2ra/e
)oun#ary
OT82
OT82
%(C
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+e=g= TM07A9 ATM9 -%&,
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O1
NOTE 5 The ODE* f$oats in B of the O2E& 2a.$oad area' 0n ODE* frame wi$$ ross mu$tip$e ODE& frame boundaries'
0 omp$ete ODE* frame (*(&AL b.tes) reFuires the bandwidth of (*(&AL/HN+N G ) ,'+*M ODE& frames' This is not i$$ustrated'
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+e=g= TM07A9 ATM9 -%&,
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O
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1
%
April 2002
Time "i!ision MultipleB -
O"72 Tributar% &lot Allocation
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$
April 2002
Time "i!ision MultipleB -
O"73 Tributar% &lot Allocation
*
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April 2002
Time "i!ision MultipleB - O!erhead
M&(1 CC1 PCO,1 PCO2
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April 2002
Time "i!ision MultipleB - Mappin#

Async$ronous /apping o2 OD8 in2or/ation )ytes

079 09 679 62 )yte *usti2ication control

OD87 into OD85 /apping inclu#es %i!e# tu22 colu/n

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transporting
7A! OD87
4
April 2002
Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection

Monitoring

OTM ignals

Maintenance ignals

Mapping Client ignals

Multiple!ing

"irtual Concatenation

OTN tan#ar#s

OD8k0:v

O&8k0:v Over$ea#

Mapping Client signals

5
April 2002
8irtual Concatenation

"irtual Concatenate# OD8kIs

ODE-5Jv) with JG*''&(L

&rovi#e
0bi$it. to transport ST#5L, and ST#5&(L signa$s via fibers
not supporting *+% and/or ,+% wave$engths
! ST#5L, into ODE*5,v
! ST#5&(L into ODE&5,v or ODE*5*Lv
6iner granu$arit. bandwidth for data signa$s
! J S &%( ;*+%< ;,+%< via ODE*5Jv ;ODE&5Jv< ;ODEH5Jv<
! 0pp$iation of 3in- Capait. 0dRustment Sheme (3C0S)
/e' %'M+,&) offers

Hit$ess bandwidth modifiation

:ui$d in resi$iene when signa$ omponents routed via

two or more diverse routes

April 2002
8irtual Concatenation - (n!erse muBin#
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are transporte#
!
April 2002
8irtual Concatenation - O!erhead

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April 2002
8irtual Concatenation - Mappin#

TM0N
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bits.nhronous

ATM

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Test signals
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ST-*6% into OPU*-.v
ST-%. into OPU$-.v
ST-*6% into OPU$-$%v
#
April 2002
Contents

OTN Rationale

OTN Layer Networks

Multi level Connection

Monitoring

OTM ignals

Maintenance ignals

Mapping Client ignals

Multiple!ing

"irtual Concatenation

OTN tan#ar#s
!%
April 2002
OTN &tandards in (T7-T - Transport Plane

%ra/ework

Network Arc$itecture

tructures an# )it rates

(.uip/ent

(.uip/ent Manage/ent %unction

&rotection

Data Co//unication Network

Hitter F Wan#er &er2or/ance

(rror &er2or/ance

&$ysical

3n2or/ation Mo#el

Optical a2ety

-eneric %ra/ing &roce#ure

Link Capacity A#*ust/ent c$e/e

;ringing into ervice F Maintenance

O 2actor /easure/ent
-=ED7 +70'00,
-=ED2 +70'07,
-=D0C +02'07,9 -=D0C a/=7 +70'07,
-=DCE +70'07,
-=ED? +70'07,9 -=DD70 +77'07,
-=gps +2002,9 -=otnprot +2002,
-=DD72 +70'07,
-=E2@7 +2002,
-=optper2 +2002,
-=C@C=7 +02'07,9 -=AC59 -=#sn +2005,
-=ED?=7 +70'07,9 -=ED@ +2002,
-=AA? +0A'CC,
-=D0?7 +70'07,
-=D0?2 +70'07,
M=2?otn +2005,
O=.2/ +P,
!$
April 2002
OTN &tandards in (T7-T - Control Plane

Auto/atic witc$e# Transport

Network

Auto/atic witc$e# Optical Network

Distri)ute# Connection Manage/ent

Auto/atic Discovery Tec$ni.ues

Routing

ignalling Co//unication Network

Link Resource Manager

-=E0D +0@'07,
-=E0E0 +70'07,
-=DD75 +70'07,
-=DD7? +70'07,
-=DD7@ +2002,
-=DD72 +70'07,
-=DD7A +2002P,
!2
April 2002
OTN &tandards in (T7-T
Network Arc$itecture
+-=ED2,
tructures F Mappings
+-=D0C,
(.uip/ent %unctional pec=
+-=DCE9 -=E0A,
(.uip/ent Man= %unction
+-=ED?9 -=DD70,
3n2or/ation Mo#el
+-=ED?=79 -=ED@,
Hitter'Wan#er &er2or/ance
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(rror &er2or/ance
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&$ysical Layer
+-=C@C=79 -=AC29 -=AC59 -=#sn,
&rotection witc$ing
+-=otnprot9 -=gps,
Data F ignalling
Co//unication Network
+-=DD72,
3T80T OTN Reco//en#ations
Transport &lane
;ringing into ervice F
Maintenance 2or t$e OTN
+M=2?otn,
Auto/atic &ower $ut Down
&roce#ures 2or Optical
Transport yste/s +-=AA?,
%ra/ework 2or OTN RecIs
+-=ED7'<=7507,
!3
April 2002
OTN &tandards in (T7-T
Auto/atic witc$e#
Transport Network
+-=E0D,
Auto/atic witc$e#
Optical Network
+-=E0E0,
Distri)ute# Call F Connection
Manage/ent
+-=DD759 -=DD75=! +!Q79295,,
Auto/atic Neig$)or Discovery
Tec$ni.ues
+-=DD7?,
Connection A#/ission Control
+-=cac,
Routing
+-=DD7@,
Data F ignalling
Co//unication Network
+-=DD72,
3T80T Reco//en#ations
Control &lane
Link Resource Manager
+-=DD7A,
T1ANJ <O8