MIND READING COMPUTER

CONTENTS
Introduction
Why Mind Reading?
How does it Work?
Techniques
Application
Advantages and uses
Disadvantages and
Problems
Conclusion
Reference

INTRODUCTION
People express their mental states, including
emotions, thoughts and desires, all the time
through facial expressions, This is true when they
are interacting with machines

Mind reading machine is co-ordination of
human psychology and computer techniques.

Some equipment are used to gather data &
then analyzed. To use those data for further
prediction of mind is known as theory of mind
reading.

Existing human-computer interfaces are mind-blind,
oblivious to the users mental states and intentions.

Drawing inspiration from psychology, computer vision and
machine learning has developed mind reading machine
computers.

Using a digital video camera, the mindreading computer
system analyzes a persons facial expressions in real time and
infers that persons underlying mental state.
WHY MIND READING?
The Mind Reading computer system presents
information about mental state as easily as a
keyboard and mouse present text and commands.

Current projects in Cambridge are considering further
inputs such as body postures and gestures to improve
the inference.

We are also looking at the use of mind reading to
support on-line shopping and learning systems.

HOW DOES IT WORKS ?
Futuristic Head Band:


Futuristic Head Band:

What is Futuristic Head Band..??

The Futuristic Head Band is the head band which is wear
by user that sends light in that spectrum into the tissues of
the head where it is absorbed by active, blood filled
tissues.



How Does it actually Works..??

The mind reading actually involves measuring
the volume and oxygen level of the blood
around the subjects brain using technology
called functional near-infrared spectroscopy
(fNIRS).
Facial effect detection

It is done using hidden Markov Model, Neural
Network processing or active appearance model.


Emotional Classification

Classification by Paul Ekman Anger, Fear, Happiness,
Disgust, Sadness, Surprise.


Techniques:
Facial Electromyography:

It is used to measure electrical activity of the
facial Muscles. Muscles used are corrugator
supercilii muscle and others.

Galvanic Skin Response:

It is a measure of Skin conductivity, Which is
dependent on how moist the skin is.

Blood Volume Pulse:

It is measured by process called
photoplethysmography.

It produce a graph indicating blood flow
through the extremities.
Applications
1. The mind-reading computer that could communicate with
coma patients:

2. mind-reading-game-controller

3. Driver Drowsiness Detection Systems for Cars

4. Control robots by brain power

5. Mobile Interaction using brain waves





1. The mind-reading computer that could
communicate with coma patients:
Canadian researchers have developing a mind-reading
computer that could help communicate with people in a
coma.

The University of Western Ontario researchers used
neuroimaging to read human thoughts via brain activity
when they are conveying specific yes or no answers.

The team say their research could lead to dramatic new
ways of attempting to communicate with patients in a
vegetative state.

The new video-game controller from Emotive Systems
2.mind-reading-game-controller
The new video-game controller from Emotive Systems is a wireless
headset with 16 embedded sensors that register electrical signals
from the brain. The device can detect users facial expressions and
emotions, potentially giving digital characters the personalities of
their creators.

Once the headset is calibrated to a players brain signals, the
player can push, pull, lift, and drop virtual objects using thoughts
alone. The device comes with a game designed to explore the
possibilities of brain-controlled gaming, but it can be adapted to
any PC game.

Product: Epoc headset
Cost: $299
Source: www.emotiv.com
Company: Emotive
A team from the Technical University of Berlin found they
could improve reaction times in real driving conditions by
monitoring drivers' brains and reducing distractions during
periods of high brain activity.

They were able to speed up driver's reactions by as much
as 100 milliseconds. It might not sound much, but this is
enough to reduce braking distance by nearly 3 metres
when travelling at 100 kilometres per hour, says team leader
Klaus-Robert Mller.

"In a real life situation this could be enough to prevent an
accident or stop someone being injured, or worse," he says.
"We now have the brain-interface technology to make this a
reality."
3.Driver Drowsiness Detection Systems for Cars
4.Control robots by brain power
Another device allows users to control robots by brain
power. The small box has lights flashing at different
frequencies at the four points of the compass.

The user concentrates on the corresponding light,
depending on whether he wants the robot to move up,
down, left or right and the brainwaves generated by viewing
that frequency are monitored and the robot is controlled.
5. Mobile Interaction using brain waves
Muse Headband developed by interaxon company
Brain-controlled devices have been making
waves quite a bit recently. These headphones we
featured last week for example, choose what
type of music to play based on what mood
youre in.

Now tech company interaxon are developing the
Muse headband. A device that monitors your
brain activity and can use these readings to
control external devices, like your smart phone or
tablet via Bluetooth, as well as offering a well
maintained brain training program.
ADVANTAGES AND USES

Eliminate the capability to lie.

Help paralytic patients

Help Handicapped people

Help Comma patients

Help people who cant speak

Can be used for military purposes & sting operations

Can be combined with consoles & used for mind
gaming, robotics & stuff.
DISADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS
Breach in privacy

Can extract, through an individual, an important,
secure & confidential information of individual, state
or even a country

If developed or used by sinners, can be highly
dangerous

Eavesdropping

No way to neutralize this technology
CONCLUSION:
Tufts university researches have begun a 3 year research
project which, if successful, will allow computers to respond
to the brain activity of the computers users.

Users wear a futuristic looking headbands to shine light on
their foreheads and then performs a series of increasingly
difficult tasks while the device reads what parts of the brain
are absorbing the light. That info is then transferred to the
computer and from there the computer can adjust its
interface and functions to each individual.

REFERENCES:
www.eurescom.de/message/default_Dec2004.asp

blog.marcelotoledo.org/2007/10

www.newscientist.com/article/dn4795-nasa-develops-
mindreading-system

http://blogs.vnunet.com/app/trackback/95409
Facestation tracking cti, 2002.

S. Baron-Cohen. How to build a baby that can read minds:
Cognitive mechanisms in mindreading. Current Psychology of
Cognition, 13(5):513552, 1994.
S. Baron-Cohen and T. H. E. Tead. Mind reading: The interactive
guide to emotion, 2003.


S. Baron-Cohen, S. Wheelwright, J. Hill, Y. Raste, and I. Plumb.
The reading the mind in the eyes test revised version: A study
with normal adults, and adults with asperger syndrome or high-
functioning autism. Journal of Child Psychology and
Psychiatry, 42(2):241 251, 2001.

M. Bartlett, G. Littlewort, B. Braathen, and T. Sejnowski. A
prototype for automatic recognition of spontaneous facial
actions. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems,
volume 15, 2003.

I. Cohen, N. Sebe F. Cozman, M. Cirelo, and T. Huang. Learning
bayesian network classifiers for facial expression recognition
with both labeled and unlabeled data. In Proceedings of IEEE
International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern
Recognition, volume 1, pages 595604, 2003.