Prepared by:

Om Prakash
2914906
MBA(1
st
YEAR)
Presented to:
Department of Management Studies
KITM, Kurukshetra
PRADHANMANTRI GRAM
SADAK YOJANA
PMGSY PROGRAMME OBJECTIVE
Providing all weather connectivity to all habitations having
population of 500 or more in plain areas and all habitations having
population of 250 or more in Hill States, Tribal (Schedule-V),
Desert areas and the 60 LWE affected/ IAP districts.

To upgrade some eligible existing through routes and major rural
link routes to ensure full farm to market connectivity
INDIAN RURAL DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMMES
Since Independence Indian economic planning has aimed at
industrial infrastructure development

Agricultural development was attempted thru agrarian
reforms and improvement in food grains, oilseeds and dairy
production

From 1970s onwards poverty alleviation was included as an
explicit part of the development strategy and Rural
employment and income generating programmes were funded
with huge outlays in the Central Budget

(CONTD.)
The Ministry of Rural Development administers at the Central
level all Rural Development Programmes aimed at Rural Self-
employment, Wage-employment and rural Poverty Alleviation.



Rural infrastructure development includes Watershed
Development and Drinking Water, and recently Rural Roads
through the Prime Ministers Rural Roads Programme
(PMGSY; w.e.f.2000)

INFRASTRUCTURE MODERNISATION
Economic Reforms introduced in 1991 to integrate with global
economy and traditional public sector domain such as Power,
Telecommunications, Banking, Roads, Ports opened to private
enterprise.


Present Road Network around 3,300,000 Km
i. NH - 57,700 Km
ii. SH - 124,300 Km
MDR, ODRs and VRs - 2,994,000 Km
Transportation recognized as a driver for achieving high growth
rate of GDP targeted at 6~8%


RURAL CONNECTIVITY
According to a study,165 people can be brought above poverty
line with Rs 10 lacs (US $ 22,000) investment in rural roads.

Estimates in 2001, 40 % villages do not have an all-weather
road.

Asset value of Village roads estimated as Rs 100,000 crore
(US $ 22 Billion).

Construction of new roads and maintenance of assets are both
major concerns.
CENTRAL INTERVENTION IN STATE
SECTOR
Rural Roads is allocated to State Govt(s) as a Subject under
the Indian Constitution.

Rural Roads are funded by State Govt(s) out of their own
resources or out of General Fund transfers from Central to
State Govt(s).

Central Intervention justified because of impact of rural roads
in reducing rural poverty.
PMGSY SCOPE
Launched on 25th December, 2000: objective of connecting
unconnected Habitations of:-
500+ population by 2007
250+ population for Hill & North East States, Desert and
Tribal Areas.
Total Investment : USD 26 billion
Eligible Habitations : 170,000
New road construction : 369,000 km
Upgradation / renewal : 368,000 km


PMGSY FEATURES
Core Network of existing and proposed roads at
Block/District level after detailed survey.

Core Network identifies road links required for eligible
habitates to ensure farm-to-market all-weather connectivity

Basic Connectivity being provided to about:
- 60,000 habs with popl. of 1000+,
- 81,000 habs with popl. of 500+; and
- 29,000 habs with popl. of 250+



COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
As per 73
rd
Amendment Act 1992,Constitution provides for
role for local elected bodies (Panchayats) in developmental
activities including roads.

District Panchayat approves Core Network.

Dist. Panchayats approves selection of roads out of Core
Network for annual proposals.


QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Quality Control as per QC Handbook
QC Registers for every work maintained by Contractor and
PIU
Three tier Quality Control Mechanism
Quality Control by first tier at PIU level.
Quality supervision by Second tier Monitoring under State
Quality Coordinator (SQC).
Quality Audit by Third tier of Quality mechanism;
Independent National Quality Monitors (NQMs).



ON-LINE MANAGEMENT

Data on road inventory, proposals, tendering, execution,
accounts all inputted at source

Maintenance planning application as soon as PCI data
inputted.

Fully transparent, fully drillable to basic data, i.e. road
or habitation

Visit us at www.pmgsyonline.nic.in
IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF PMGSY
Assessment by independent agencies for States (based on
perception of respondents) reveals the following:

Higher use of motorised equipment like tractors in agriculture
on the one hand and diversification of cropping pattern
through easier availability of inputs and access to markets

Market for home-made products like pickles, etc., in
neighboring towns has increased and both on-farm and off-
farm employment opportunities have improved

(CONTD.)
Improvement in health services: ante-natal care institutional
delivery and post-natal care

Increased enrolment in schools particularly of girls, and more
regular attendance of teachers.

Social network area has increased including radius of marriage
alliance.

Increased use of consumer durables like, television, electrical
gadgets, etc., has been noticed.

BHARAT NIRMAN
Bharat Nirman or Build India announced by President

and detailed by FM in Parliaments Budget Session in Feb, 2005


Bharat Nirman aimed at building rural infrastructure

including roads, electrification, potable water, e-

connectivity , housing and hospitals.

PMGSY Programme Rephased to achieve Bharat Nirman

targets by 2009-10 of connecting 1000+

habitations(500+in hills,desert and tribal areas)


(CONTD.)
Rural roads a major component of Bharat Nirman for
augmenting rural infrastructure launched in Feb 2005.

Aims to provide connectivity to habitations of population of
1000+. Eligibility for Hill States, Tribal (Schedule-V) areas being
above 500.

To cover 54,648 unconnected habitations involving 1.46 lakhs
km of new roads.

To upgrade/renew 1.94 lakhs km of Through Routes to ensure
farm to market connectivity.
Estimated investment Rs. 48,000 Cr (2003-04 prices)
Original time frame - March 2009
Revised time frame - March 2012

ISSUES
DPR preparation, Supervision and Quality Control, HRD etc
being partially outsourced. Quality-cum-cost based
Consultants procurement now institutionalised in PMGSY.

Additional funding being accessed through creation of SPV to
leverage Cess funds.Legal issues arising from federal
structure being addressed.
SPECIAL DISPENSATION ACCORDED
TO LWE AFFECTED AREAS/IAP
DISTRICTS
Included in the following four categories of proposals being
considered for clearance under PMGSY (As per Advisory issued on
12
th
June 2009)

Residual new connectivity coverage envisaged under Phase of Bharat
Nirman.


Special road connectivity packages announced for the border areas.

(CONTD.)
Keeping in view of demands for concerned States, about a
year back for upto 50 m length entire funds were being
released from the Ministry (against 25 m length earlier).
The limit has been increased to 75 meters.

It is not that bridges longer than 75 m are not covered,
but cost on pro-rata basis is to be borne by the States.
Causeways of all lengths are funded by GOI.

Qualification criteria relaxed for Contractors. The
minimum tender package has been reduced to Rs. 50
lakh.


PMGSY SOME RECENT ACTIONS
TAKEN
Uploading of quality Grading of items/sub items and
photographs of works inspected by SQMs:

PMGSY provides a three-tier quality monitoring mechanism

All the SQM inspection reports are to be mandatorily entered
in OMMAS along with at least 10 digital photographs

MAJOR INSTITUTIONAL
INTERVENTIONS
PPP:

States being pursued to adopt PPP in rural roads on pilot
basis.

Models on deferred payment, i.e. Annuity basis being
explored.


GIS:

GIS for mapping of core network on pilot basis.

CDAC to provide technical support




HILL CUTTING IN DIFFICULT TERRAIN
ARUNACHAL PRADESH
BITUMINOUS LAYER
CONSTRUCTION
Increased Market Access for Farmers
IMPROVED ACCESS TO SCHOOLS
(CONTD.)
1. http://www.google.com/
2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pradhan_Mantri_Gram_Sad
ak_Yojana
3. http://www.pmgsy.in
4. http://rural.nic.in/sites/programmes-schemes-
PMGSY.asp
5. BUSINESS TODAY(2000-2001) Honorable Minister,
Rural Development(GOI)