Chapter4: Combinational Logic

Part 4
Originally By Reham S. Al-Majed
Imam Muhammad Bin Saud University
Outline
2
Multiplexer
Definition
Examples
MUX and Decoder.
MUX Expansion.
Circuit Implementation with MUX
DeMultiplexer

Definition
3
It is a cc that select binary information from one of many input
lines to single output line.
The selection of input line depends on selection lines.


Its ab consists of:
Inputs lines = 2
n
Output line = 1
Selectors (depends on number of inputs) = n
An active high or active low enable input (not all multiplexers have it)

I
2
n
-1
I
0
MUX
.
.
.
.
S
0
S
n-1
2
n
Inputs lines

Definition
4

I
0
I
1
I
2
I
3
0 0
MUX
Y=I
0
I
0
I
1
I
2
I
3
1 0
MUX
Y=I
1
I
0
I
1
I
2
I
3
0 1
MUX
Y= I
2
I
0
I
1
I
2
I
3
1 1
MUX
Y=I
3
Example 1
5
Design a 2-to-1 multiplexer:
1. 2 data inputs (I
0
,I
1
), 1 select input S , and 1 output (Y)
2. Truth table:


S I
1
I
0
Y
0 0 0 I
0
=0
0 0 1 I
0
=1
0 1 0 I
0
=0
0 1 1 I
0
=1
1 0 0 I
1
=0
1 0 1 I
1
=0
1 1 0 I
1
=1
1 1 1 I
1
=1
S Y
0 I
0

1 I
1

Example 1 (cont.)
6
3. Simplification:

Y = S I
0
+ S I
1


3. Diagram:

1 1
1 1 S
I
0
I
1
Example 2
7
Design 4-to1 MUX:
There are four data inputs two selection inputs S
1
,S
0
.
The input selected to be passed to the output depends on the minterm of
the input.

Y = S
1
S
0
I
0
+ S
1
S
0
I
1
+ S
1
S
0
I
2
+ S
1
S
0
I
3
minterm S
1
S
0
Y
m
0
0 0 I
0

m
1
0 1 I
1

m
2
1 0 I
2

m
3
1 1 I
3

m
1
m
2
m
3
m
0
Multiplexer and Decoder
8
The AND gates and inverters in the MUX resemble a decoder
circuit.
They decode selection input lines.
2
n
-to-1 line multiplexer is constructed from n-to-2
n
decoder.
Example:
4-to-1 MUX constructed from 2-to-4 decoder

Multiplexer Expansion
9
Design a 4-to-1 MUX with 2-to-1 MUXes only.
4-to-1 has 4 data input, 2 selection input, and 1 output.
2-to-1 has 2 data input, 1 selection input, and 1 output.

S
1
S
0
Y
0 0 D
0

0 1 D
1

1 0 D
2

1 1 D
3

D
0
D
1
MUX
MUX
D
2
D
3
MUX

Y
S
0
S
1
I
0
I
1
I
0
I
1
I
0
I
1

CC Implementation with MUX

10
Given a function of n-variables MUXex can be used to implement this
function.
This can be accomplished in one of 2 ways:
Using a Mux with n-select inputs
n variables need to be connected to n select inputs.
Minterms of a function are generated according to select inputs.
Individual minterm can be selected by the data inputs proper assignment of the data
inputs (D
i
{0 , 1}).
Using a Mux with n-1 select inputs (more efficient)
Find truth table.
The first n-1 variables in table are connected to selection inputs of MUX (which order
?).
For each combination of selection variables, evaluate output as function of the
remaining variable (d)
This remaining variable (d) is then used for data inputs which can be 0,1,d,d.
Example 1
11
Implement the function F(x,y,z) = (1,2,6,7) using a Mux with n-
select inputs.
The function has 3 variables using 3-select inputs, we need a 8-to-1 MUX.
8-to-1
MUX
x
y
z
F
1
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
Example 2
12
Implement the function F(x,y,z) = (1,2,6,7) using a Mux with
n-1 -select inputs.
The function has 3 variables using 2-select inputs, we need a 4-to-1
MUX.

4-to-1
MUX
x
y
F
z
z
0
1
0
1
3
2
De-Multiplexer
13
It is a CC that performs the inverse operation of MUX.
It has:
1 input
2
n
outputs.
n selection inputs to select outputs.
Example: design 1-to-4 DeMUX

1-to-4
DeMUX
A
1
E
A
0
D
0
D
1
D
2
D
3
A
1
A
0
D
0
D
1
D
2
D
3
0 0 E 0 0 0
0 1 0 E 0 0
1 0 0 0 E 0
1 1 0 0 0 E
Reading
14
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
EXCEPT: Carry propagation.
4.6 Reading Assignment.
4.7 Reading Assignment.
4.9
4.10
4.11