Rudiments of Transmission Network

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
www.huawei.com
Huawei Confdential

Rudiments of
Transmission Network
Page 2
Huawei Confdential
Upon completion of this course, you will

be able to:
Know the basic of transmission
Understand the basic concepts, Know the

features, applications and advantages of
!"#$TP, %!$ and $%
Page &
Huawei Confdential
Contents
1. The Transmission at a Glance
2. SDH/ST! "#er#iew
$. %D "#er#iew
&. icro%a#e "#er#iew
Page '
Huawei Confdential
'roa(ban( )etwor*
!+
!hone
T,
$(N
$(N
!+
T,
!hone
!+
T,
$(N
-nternet/S! -!T, Ser#er -S +ore
POP
Application
Metro
Backbone
Access
Traf !ro"
ACCESS to #O#
Traf !ro"
#O# to Core
MSCG
'usiness
Page )
Huawei Confdential
$G %o&ile Networ'
S+
S+
'S+
'S+
'TS
'TS
'TS
'S+
'TS 'TS 'TS
'TS
'TS
'TS
'TS
S+
Traf !ro"
(TS to (SC
Traf !ro"
(SC to %SC
Traf !ro"
%SC to %SC
S+
Page *
Huawei Confdential
)G %o&ile Networ'
.)+
.)+
.)+
)o(e'
Traf !ro"
Node( to *NC
Traf !ro"
*NC to %GW
Traf !ro" %GW
to %GW
G% SGS)
)o(e'
)o(e'
)o(e'
)o(e'
)o(e'
)o(e'
)o(e'
G% SGS)
G%/G%
Ser#er
)o(e'
Page +
Huawei Confdential
T+,e o! Trans"ission
%ire transmission
,oa-ial.cable
"ptical fiber Transmission
%ireless transmission
/aser transmission
atellite Transmission
icrowa#e Transmission
Page 0
Huawei Confdential
Contents
2. SDH/ST! "#er#iew
$. %D "#er#iew
Page 1
Huawei Confdential
DWDM
constructions
began
SDH equipments
gradually became
the main stream
Increasing Capacity
Plentiful DWDM were
applied, ll!"ptical networ#
was under research
SDH
standards
were
impro$ed P
DH was main
stream
Plentiful PDH
products were
applied
Practical
product
appeared
%ao &un
In$ented "ptical
'ransmission
'heory
()**
()+,
())-
()))
.arly ()),s ())+ ()/*
"DM"0C
Were gradually
applied
fter 1,,-
De#elopment History of "ptical Transmission
)etwor*
Page 23
Huawei Confdential
#DH and SDH
P!"#!" e4uipment functions
2.(ccess all kinds of low.speed service
2.$ultiple- and !emultiple-
&./ong distance transmission 5amplifier,
regenerator
'.ervice grooming
).protection P!" hasn6t protection
abilit7
+1
+2/1
+2/2
+2/$
,&
,'.2
,'.2
,'.&
'2/1
'2/$
'2/2
8&.&
8'.2
8'.2
8'.&
'1
8&.2 8&.2
!DH: !lesiochronous Di0ital Hierarchy
SDH: Synchronous Di0ital Hierarchy
P!" !"
lev
el
8it rate
5Kb#s9
level 8it rate
5$b#s9
:2 23'0 T$.2 2)).)23
:2 0''0 T$.' *22.303
:& &'&*0 T$.
2*
2'00.&23
:' 2&12*' T$.
*'
11)&.203
PDH and SDH bit rate
Page 22
Huawei Confdential
+omparison 'etween !DH/SDH
Page 22
Huawei Confdential
Networ'in- o! SDH E.ui,"ent
1. Linear
2. Ring
1D
1D
1D
1D
T D2+
1D
T .3G
1D
T
T
1D
T
T
3. Mesh
1D
1D
1D
1D
Page 2&
Huawei Confdential
!owerful !rotection of SDH 34uipment
)etwor* le#el
2 N,P
2 $.P Ring protection5 2;#'; $P9
& 2<2 $P,2=N $P
34uipment le#el
TP 2$, &'$#')$, 2))$, ;: 2=N protection
'oar( le#el
2 power unit 2<2
2 control unit 2<2
& cross.connect unit 2<2
' timing unit 2<2
$P= $ultiple- ection Protection
N,P= ub.Network ,onnection Protection
Transmission e4uipment can

guarantee )3ms switch time
Page 2'
Huawei Confdential
%ST# Solution
MSTP
SA
S!"#P!"
ATM
$thernet
>"nly one ser#ice boar( is nee(e( on the basis of the e5istin0 SDH
platform to access this *in( of ser#ice
>"ne networ* to bear all *in(s of ser#ices, only one platform an( one *in(
of )S instea( of multiple ones
>"ne networ*6 fast ser#ice pro#ision 7 lower +1!32 8 "!32
Manage%ent
Manage%ent
Manage%ent
Manage%ent
Manage%ent
AT% board
PDH/SDH board
Et/ernet board
SAN board
Page 2)
Huawei Confdential
Contents
2. SDH/ST! "#er#iew
$. %D "#er#iew
&. icro%a#e "#er#iew9
Page 2*
Huawei Confdential
W/at0s WD%
;ree %a7
?as tation
Patrol ,ar
Page 2+
Huawei Confdential
WD% Cone,t
1
2
1 2 n
n
SDH si0nal
-! pac*a0e
1T cells
Different si0nals with specific wa#elen0th are multiple5e(

into a fiber for transmission.
Page 20
Huawei Confdential
WD% Site T+,e and Networ'in-
Site Type :"T, "1D:;"1D/."1D< "=1,.3G
)etwor*in0 Topolo0y : !2!, +hain, .in0, esh.

@(!$ @(!$ @(!$
@(!$
@(!$
@(!$ @(!$
@T$ @/(
>?.? *m
;@(!$
>?.? *m
R@(!$
1??.? *m
@T$
2??.? *m
Page 21
Huawei Confdential
Contents
2. SDH/ST! "#er#iew
$. %D "#er#iew
Page 23
Huawei Confdential
W/at1s %W !or2
3 %W is a trans"ission s+ste" wit/ t/e si"ilar !untion as o,tial networ'.
3 Di4erenes o! %W wit/ O,tial Trans"ission are5
6.%ediu"5 No need o! o,tial f&re &ut needs liense !or radio !re.uen+
usa-e.
$.Ca,ait+5 *elati7el+ s"all, usuall+ "a8. o! 6 $8ST% 96.
).Trans"ission Distane5 Line o! Si-/t, u, to se7eral tens o! :",
in;uened &+ li"ati onditions.
3 (eause o! t/e a!ore"entioned !eatures, %W is "ainl+
used in t/e s"all a,ait+ aess la+er trans,ort
networ'. It &rin-s ra,id de,lo+"ent and low TCO to t/e
usto"ers.
3 A,,liation Situation5
1.2G#3G#&iMa' BS ser(ice backha)l.
$.Aess la+er networ' in less de7elo,ed re-ions.
).#ri7ate networ'.
Page 22
Huawei Confdential
%W Co""uniation 7s O,tial
Co""uniation
$% Transmission @ptical Transmission
e(ium
icrowa#e $?? $??GH@
"ptical ;iber
+apacity Usual +apacityA 2BST/1/ channel A1C??G/pair fiber
Transmission
Distance
ust be in =ine of Si0ht about
D?*m with no obstacles
)ormally within 12?Em no
influence of 0eo0raphical
en#ironment
+ommunicatio
n Fuality
-nfluence( by the climate an(
weather
rain, snow, fo0, air current, etc.
)o influence of climatic con(itions
+1!32 less in#estment an( shorter perio(
of (eployment
ore in#estment on basic
construction an( lon0er perio( of
(eployment
"!32 =ow "!32
an( little maintenance, stron0
(isaster resistin0 ability an( easy
an( rapi( restoration
)ee(s out(oor maintenance, more
ris* of bein0 (ama0e( (urin0
natural (isaster
1pplicable
Situation
Small capacity, access layer networ*
, re0ion (eman(in0 rapi(
(eployment
=ar0e capacity an( lon0 (istance
transmission
Page 22
Huawei Confdential
A,,lia&le Terrains !or %W
Co""uniation
Terrains are di7ided as !ollows5
A %ountains also ities wit/ dense tall &uildin-s
( Hills
C #lain
D Lar-e water area
%W o""uniation is "ost a,,lia&le in terrain A. Terrain (,C
and D !ollow res,eti7el+ as a &etter en7iron"ent !or %W
o""uniation.
Page 2&
Huawei Confdential
Classifation o! %irowa7e E.ui,"ent

P!"
S!"
Split M&
Tr)nk M&
All*o)t+oor M&
2 1,$1
32 -.$1
S)per
P!"
STM*1
2 ' STM*1 /P0C
Capacit1
Str)ct)r
e
M)ltiple
'
Metho+
Page 2'
Huawei Confdential
. $icrowave frame
. $ultiple-ing
. $odulation
. Translation
. (mplification
.!emodulation
. $icrowave frame
.$easurements of 8.:.R.
. !emultiple-ing
. !istortion correction
$odulator
Transmitter Receiver
!emodulator
Transmission Reception
Di-ital %W S+ste" #rini,le Dia-ra"
9 Translation
. (mplification
A; A;
IF IF
BB BB BB BB RF RF RF RF
Page 2)
Huawei Confdential
Trun' %irowa7e E.ui,"ent
3
"igh cost2 large "igh cost2 large
capacit12 highl1 capacit12 highl1
stable per3or%ance stable per3or%ance
an+ s)itable 3or long an+ s)itable 3or long
+istance trans%ission +istance trans%ission
an+ backbone an+ backbone
net4ork. net4ork.
3
Ra+io 3re5)enc12 Ra+io 3re5)enc12
inter%e+iate inter%e+iate
3re5)enc12 signal 3re5)enc12 signal
processing an+ processing an+
%)ltiple' )nit are all %)ltiple' )nit are all
locate+ in+oor e'cept locate+ in+oor e'cept
antenna an+ 3ee+er antenna an+ 3ee+er
s1ste%. s1ste%.
Tr)nk M&
Page 2*
Huawei Confdential
All9outdoor %irowa7e E.ui,"ent
All*o)t+oor
M&
3
All )nits are o)t+oor* All )nits are o)t+oor*
%o)nt. %o)nt.
3
$as1 to install. $as1 to install.
3
Sa(es the %achine roo% Sa(es the %achine roo%
space space
Page 2+
Huawei Confdential
S,lit9"ount %irowa7e E.ui,"ent
Ra+io processing )nit 6O!78 Ra+io processing )nit 6O!78

is locate+ o)t+oor2 is locate+ o)t+oor2
inter%e+iate 3re5)enc12 inter%e+iate 3re5)enc12
signal processing an+ signal processing an+
%)ltiple' )nit are all %)ltiple' )nit are all
locate+ in+oor2 the O!7 an+ locate+ in+oor2 the O!7 an+
0!7 are connecte+ b1 09 0!7 are connecte+ b1 09
cable. cable.
O!7 can be attache+ to the

back o3 the antenna or can
be connecte+ b1 short
:e'ible 4a(eg)i+e 4ith
little loss.
Relati(el1 s%all capacit12

pro%pt an+ con(enient to
install an+ %aintain. The
%ost 4i+el1 +eplo1e+ M&
in the in+)str1.
Split M&
Antenna
7nit
O)t+oor 7nit
09 Cable
0n+oor 7nit
Page 20
Huawei Confdential
To,olo-+ o! Di-ital %irowa7e
% transmission networ* is base( on hops.
Tree
Ring Sta
r
Chai
n
7nit
1 hop
P 2 P
Page 21
Huawei Confdential
Di-ital "irowa7e !re.uen+
"r(inarily (i0ital microwa#e fre4uencies
&/D/C/G/>/11/1$/1D/1>/2$/2C/$2/$> GH@ -TU/. recommen(ation
icrowa#e fre4uency from $??H@ to $??GH@
&3 K"B &33 &$"B &3 &33 &?"B &3?"C &33 & T "B
1?Em 1 1??m 1? 1 1??mm 1? 1 1??m
D/; 5Der7
/ow
;re4uenc79
/; 5/ow
;re4uenc79
U";
5Ultra "igh
;re4uenc79
D";
5Der7
"igh
;re4uenc79
$;
5$edium
;re4uenc79
";
5"igh
;re4uenc79
";
5uper "igh
;re4uenc79
:";
5:-tremel7
"igh
;re4uenc799
@ptical
;re4uency
%a#elen0th
)ame
ain 1pplication
(viation
%ireless (viation
8roadcast
8roadcast ;$
8roadcast
T D
T D
T D
atellite
$icrowave
Page &3
Huawei Confdential
THANK YOU !

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Rudiments of Transmission Network

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Available Formats

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Upon completion of this course, you will

Know the basic of transmission

Understand the basic concepts, Know the

"ptical fiber Transmission

Transmission e4uipment can

Different si0nals with specific wa#elen0th are multiple5e(

Site Type :"T, "1D:;"1D/."1D< "=1,.3G

)etwor*in0 Topolo0y : !2!, +hain, .in0, esh.

Ra+io processing )nit 6O!78 Ra+io processing )nit 6O!78

O!7 can be attache+ to the

Relati(el1 s%all capacit12

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