Alpha Breathing

Evocation

ENCODER & DECODER

INTRODUCTION
ENCODER- a digital circuit that produces
a binary output code depending on
which of its inputs are activated.

DECODER- a digital circuit that converts

an input binary code into a single
numeric output.

ENCODERS AND DECODERS

REPRESENTATION
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7

O0
O1
O2
ENCODER

A0
A1
A2
DECODER

O0
O1
O2
O3
O4
O5
O6
O7

THE 8421 BCD CODE

BCD stands for Binary-Coded Decimal.
A BCD number is a four-bit binary group that
represents one of the ten decimal digits 0
through 9.
Example:
Decimal number 4926
4
9
2
6
8421 BCD coded number

0100 1001 0010 0110

ELECTRONIC ENCODER -

DECIMAL TO BCD
BCD output
Decimal input

7
5

00
10
0
11
Decimal
to
BCD
Encoder

Encoders are available in IC form.

This encoder translates from
decimal input to BCD output.

10 line to 4 line Encoder

10 line to 4 line Encoder

BINARY (BCD)

DECIMAL
8
ENCODER
9 5V
8 5V
7 5V
6 5V
5 5V
4 5V
3 5V
2 5V
1 5V

74147
I9
I8
I7
A3
I6
A2
I5
A1
I4
A0
I3
I2
I1

Decoder
Accepts a value and decodes it
Output corresponds to value of n inputs

Consists of:
Inputs (n)
Outputs (2n , numbered from 0 2n - 1)
Selectors / Enable (active high or active low)

The truth table of 2-to-4

Decoder

2-to-4 Decoder

2-to-4 Decoder

The truth table of 3-to-8

Decoder
A2

A1

A0

D0

D1

D2

D3

D4

D5

D6

D7

1
1
1
1
1

1
1

3-to-8 Decoder

3-to-8 Decoder with Enable

Decoder Expansion
Decoder expansion
Combine two or more small decoders with
enable inputs to form a larger decoder
3-to-8-line decoder constructed from two 2-to4-line decoders
The MSB is connected to the enable inputs
if A2=0, upper is enabled; if A2=1, lower is
enabled.

Decoder Expansion

Combining two 2-4 decoders to form

one 3-8 decoder using enable switch

The highest bit is used for the enables

How about 4-16 decoder

Use how many 3-8 decoder?
Use how many 2-4 decoder?

Encoders
Perform the inverse operation of a
decoder
2n (or less) input lines and n output lines

Encoders

Encoders with OR gates

Encoders
Perform the inverse operation of a decoder
2n (or less) input lines and n output lines

Priority Encoder
Accepts multiple values and encodes them
Works when more than one input is active
Consists of:
Inputs (2n)
Outputs
when more than one output is active, sets
output to correspond to highest input
V (indicates whether any of the inputs are
active)
Selectors / Enable (active high or active low)

D3

D2

D1

D0

A1

A0

Priority Encoder

Puzzles

33

Mind Map Encoder and Decoder

Hexadecimal to
binary encoder

Priority Encoder

Encoder

Decimal BCD
to encoder

Applications

Block
diagram

Octal to binary
encoder

Code
conversion

Truth
table
2 to 4 line
decoder

Decoder

Counter system

Applications
Logic
diagram

3 to 8 line
Decoder

Block
diagram

Truth
table

Logic
diagram

A to D counter
Display system

Summary
Encoders & Decoders

Truth table
K-Map
Logic Diagram

36