VOICE OPERATED WHEEL CHAIR FOR

PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED

Submitted by:
SAURABH PAL(111050)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction
Block Diagram
Feature Extraction
Feature Recognition
Algorithms.
Result

INTRODUCTION

The

population of people with disabilities has risen markedly during

the past century.

Many
These

individuals have problems to use a conventional wheelchair.

people, suffering from motor deficits, disorientation, amnesia,

or cognitive deficits, are dependent upon others to push them, so
often feel powerless and out of control.

LEFT
MOTOR

MIC

VOICE
VOICE
RECOGNITION
RECOGNITION

MICROCONTROLLER

DIRECTION
CONTROL

RIGHT
MOTOR

BATTERY

BATTERY
CHARGE
R

Block Diagram Of Voice Operated Wheel Chair

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Mic :- Used to take input from the user.

Voice Recognition :- Comprises of voice detection and
synthesis circuits.
Microcontroller
Speed and Direction control
DC Motor :- Works in accordance with the
instructions/signals given by the microprocessor

SPEECH RECOGNITION USING MATLAB

(BASED ON PATTERN RECOGNITION)

Pattern

recognition aims to classify data (patterns) based on

either a prior knowledge or on statistical information
extracted from the patterns.
The classification is usually based on the availability of a
set of patterns that have already been described, termed the
training set.

FEATURE EXTRACTION

The feature extraction stage seeks to provide a compact

representation of the speech waveform.

Feature extraction typically includes the process of

converting the signal to a digital from ,measuring some
important characters of the signal such as energy or
frequency response.

FEATURE RECOGNITION

A wide range of algorithms can be applied for pattern

recognition.
In pattern recognition the relationship between the
problem to be solved (data to be classified) and the
performance of various pattern recognition algorithms
(classifiers).

ALGORITHMS

Dynamic Time Warping (DTW)

Algorithm.

Hidden Markov Model Algorithm.

Vector Quantization

Dynamic Time Warping

Dynamic time warping (DTW) is a time series alignment

algorithm developed originally for speech recognition.

It is an algorithm for measuring similarity between two

temporal sequences .

It aims at aligning two sequences of feature vectors by

warping the time axis iteratively until an optimal match
(according to a suitable metrics) between the two
sequences is found.

Hidden Markov Model Algorithm.

General-purpose speech recognition systems are based

on Hidden Markov Models.

In speech recognition, the hidden Markov model would

output a sequence of n-dimensional real-valued vectors
(with n being a small integer, such as 10), outputting
one of these every 10 milliseconds.

The vectors would consist of cepstral coefficients,

which are obtained by taking a Fourier transform of a
short time window of speech and decorrelating the
spectrum using a cosine transform, then taking the first
(most significant) coefficients

Flowchart Depicting Hidden Markov Model Algorithm.

Vector Quantization

Vector quantization is used for lossy data compression,

lossy data correction, pattern recognition, density
estimation and clustering.

Analysis of speech through vector quantization is done

through the mapping of large vector space into a finite
number of regions in that space.

In Vector Quantization ,an ordered set of signal samples

or parameters can be efficiently coded by matching the
input vector to a similar pattern in a predefined
codebook.

BEST SUITABLE ALGORITHM

Vector Quantization(VQ) is the fundamental and

most successful technique used in speech coding
,speech synthesis and speech recognition.

Vector Quantization (VQ) has been useful in a wide

variety of speech processing applications and forms
the basis for the more sophisticated algorithm.

Easy to implement and highly accurate.

RESULT
The use of intelligent wheelchair encourages the
view of the machine as a partner rather than as a tool.
These people, suffering from disorientation, amnesia,
or cognitive deficits, are dependent upon others to
push them, so often feel powerless and out of
control.
Intelligent wheelchair has the potential to provide
these people with effective ways to alleviate the
impact of their limitations.