Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Shoulder and Arm Session 2
Shoulder and Arm Session 2
Limbs
Session 2
The shoulder and arm
Session Two
The bones of the pectoral girdle and arm
The muscular anatomy of the region
The joints of the pectoral girdle and upper
arm
The axilla
The blood vessels of the region
The lymphatic drainage of the region
The nerves of the region
The Scapula
The Clavicle
The Humerus
The surgical
neck is
more
commonly
damaged
than the
anatomical
neck.
Muscle attachments
Old fashioned terminology for muscle attachments
is:
origins and insertions. Now considered inaccurate.
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anterior*
*runs anterior and posterior
Pectoralis Major
Proximal attachments:
on the medial 1/3rd of
the clavicle, the
sternum and costal
cartilages.
Distal attachment:
lateral lip of the
intertubercular sulcus
(groove).
Adducts and medially
rotates the humerus.
Lesser actions on the
scapula.
Pectoralis Minor
Subclavius
Anchors the clavicle
Serratus anterior
Trapezius
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Latissimus dorsi
Rhomboids
Rhomboids
Levator scapulae
Levator
scapulae
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
Rotator Cuff
Deltoid
Teres major
Deltoid
Deltoid
Rotator Cuff
Teres major
Rotator cuff
group acts to fix
the head of
humerus in the
glenoid fossa.
Supraspinatus
important in
initiating
abduction of arm
for first 15, then
deltoid takes
over.
Teres major (not
rotator cuff)
adducts and
medially rotates
arm.
Sterno-clavicular joint
Acromio-clavicular joint
Gleno-Humeral joint (Shoulder joint)
Scapulo-thoracic joint (sometimes referred to
as a virtual joint)
Elbow joint
Main function is to
hold the humeral
head within the
glenoid
The rotator cuff
depresses the
humeral head
The Axilla
The gateway for nerves and blood vessels
to enter the upper limb
Shaped like a pyramid
Contains;
Arteries axillary artery and its branches
Veins axillary vein and its tributaries
Lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
(important!)
Nerves the brachial plexus
The Axilla
Neurovascular
contents of
the axilla
Axillary artery
at the lower border of teres major becomes the
Brachial artery
Gives off a large branch in the arm profunda brachii
Divides as the level of the elbow into
Common
sites of
damage