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Sistem Saraf Otonom-Dr - Imam
Sistem Saraf Otonom-Dr - Imam
Sistem Saraf Otonom-Dr - Imam
dr.Imam Syakhruddin
Departemen Anatomi
Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati Cirebon
PENDAHULUAN
Bagian sistem saraf tepi yang mengatur fungsi viseral tubuh
disebut sistem saraf otonom.
Diaktifkan oleh pusat-pusat yang terletak di medula spinalis,
batang otak, dan hipotalamus.
Selain itu, bagian korteks serebri khususnya korteks limbik, dapat
menghantarkan impuls ke pusat-pusat yang lebih rendah sehingga
demikian mempengaruhi pengaturan otonomik.
Sistem saraf otonom terdiri dari dua subsistem yaitu sistem saraf
simpatis dan sistem saraf parasimpatis yang kerjanya saling
berlawanan.
12
13
somatic
15
Parasympathetic division
Sympathetic division
16
17
Parasympathetic:
craniosacral
Sympathetic:
thoracolumbar
Sympathetic
20
o Cranial outflow
Parasympathetic
23
Sistem
asetilkolin/kolinergik
Rest, digest or repose
Saat tubuh tidak aktif
Mis. Digesti, ekskresi,
urinasi
Menyimpan energi
Segmen spinal
kraniosakral (CN III, VII,
IX, X & S2-4)
Simpatis
Sistem adrenergik
Fight, Flight or Fright
Saat tubuh aktif
Mis. Berkeringat nafas
dalam , peningkatan
denyut jantung
Menggunakan energi
Segmen spinal
torakolumbal (T1-L2)
Serabut preganglionik
panjang/pascaganglionik
pendek
D division : Digestion,
defecation & diuresis
Simpatis
Serabut praganglionik
pendek/ pasca ganglionik
panjang
E division : Exercise,
excitement, emergency &
embarrassment
Target Organ
Parasympathetic Effects
Sympathetic Effects
Eye (Iris)
Stimulates constrictor
muscles. Pupil
constriction
Stimulates dilator
muscles. Pupil dilates.
Stimulates. Lens
accommodates allows
for close vision
No innervation.
Salivary Glands
Watery secretion
Mucous secretion
Sweat Glands
No innervation
Stimulates sweating in
large amounts
(Cholinergic)
Gallbladder
Stimulates smooth
muscle to contract and
expel bile
Inhibits gallbladder
smooth muscle
Target Organ
Parasympathetic Effects
Sympathetic Effects
Cardiac Muscle
Decreases HR
Constricts
Dilates
Contracts bladder
smooth muscle; relaxes
urethral sphincter
Lungs
Contracts bronchiole
(small air passage)
smooth muscle
Dilates bronchioles
Digestive Organs
Liver
No innervation
No innervation (indirect
effect)
Target Organ
Parasympathetic Effects
Sympathetic Effects
Kidney
No innervation
Penis
Vasodilates penile
arteries. Erection
Smooth muscle
contraction. Ejaculation.
Vagina; Clitoris
Vasodilation. Erection
Blood Coagulation
No effect
Increases coagulation
rate
Cellular Metabolism
No effect
Adipose Tissue
No effect
Target Organ
Parasympathetic Effects
Sympathetic Effects
Mental Activity
No innervation
Increases alertness
Blood Vessels
Little effect
Uterus
Endocrine Pancreas
Stimulates insulin
secretion
KESIMPULAN
36
37
38
TERIMA KASIH
39