Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TTM 1: Access and Core Networks, Advanced: "Optical Access and Transport Networks"
TTM 1: Access and Core Networks, Advanced: "Optical Access and Transport Networks"
advanced:
Optical access and transport
networks
Info and Intro
Autumn 2011
Info overview
Tutors:
Form of lectures
Based on colloquium form:
Some material is presented by Steinar, Norvald,
Raimena and guests
Some material is presented by students .. any
volunteers?
Hopefully we all learn something
Theme overview
Course Info & Intro 1 hour (Steinar)
Optical components / transmission 2 hours (Steinar)
Core & Metro networks, Optical circuit switching (OCS),
Ethernet
3 hours (Norvald/Raimena)
Control and Traffic management - 3 hours (Raffelli/Cerroni)
Protection switching - 3 hours (Norvald, Sandesh/Haijiao)
Optical Transport Network (OTN) 3 hours (Steinar)
Access networks - 3 hours (Steinar/students)
Optical burst / packet switching (OBS/OPS) - 3 hours
(Norvald, Trond/Nitu)
Repetition Greatest hits, Steinar/Norvald/Raimena
Tentative schedule
See web-pages
Info on web:
http://www.ntnu.no/telematikk/academics/courses/ttm1/sta
rt
Steinar.Bjornstad@item.ntnu.no, (Room
B214)
Tlf: 90081033
Norvald Stol
Raimena Veisslari
Intro overview
Growth rates
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)
Optical switching
- circuit/wavelength
- packet
Some facts/observations
Internet growth
Moores law (CPU)
Double performance every 18 months, from 1975->
Computer performance
Doubles every 21 months
Router performance
Doubles every 21 months
1) Prediction made in 2000; believe the last years have not been that fast
What do you think will make the traffic grow in the future?
(?)
Currently 32 Tb/s
OCF 2009
100000
2x per year
Verdensrekord
World record
in lab: 10,92 Tb/s !
i laboratorium
2002
10000
1000
100
10
0.1
0.01
1980
1985
1990
Year
1995
2000
2005
Wavelength
Division
Multiplexing
Large capacity increase in optical fibers
(WDM),
i fiber
Makesmangedobler
optical networking kapasitet
possible/interresting
2,5 Gb/s =
30000
Terminal
1 kanal
pr fiber
1 Fr:
channel
pr fiber
Fiber
11
Regenerator
11
11
11
44
Up to
Opptil
20 000 000
Electronic/electrooptical
11
11
44
WDM:
WDM:
4-128
4-128 kanaler
channels
pr fiber
pr fiber
11
Tidligere utbygging
Earlier
Nvrende
utbygging
Now
11
22
22
33
33
44
44
Optical
amplifier
Optisk forsterker
Multiplekser
Demultiplekser
Optical switches
Circuit switching
Switches signals between fibers and/or wavelengths.
Wavelength conversion
To avoid collision on wavelengths (in same fiber)
I1
U1
I2
U2
I3
U3
I4
Wavelength
Blgelengde
converter
Konverter
Optical
Optiskcrossconnect
krysskopler
U4
Packet switching
More complicated in the optical domain:
Higher speeds needed in switches
Not (currently) available technology for optical processing
of headers etc.
The payload information is switched optically
Optical buffering is difficult
Separates
header
payload
Skiller header
ogand
nyttelast
DMUXer
WDMsignals
signal
Demux
of WDM
OXC Controller
To OXC-control
Header processor
Delay <= header length
+ processing time
Optical
Optiske buffers
buffere (to handle contention on output)
to