ICBT CAMPUS-MT

HND in Engineering
Module :
Lecturer
Batch
Copies :
Date
:
Session :

Mechanical Principles
: Mihiran Galagedara
: ME_03; AU_01; MT_01
65
28/03/2013
01 0f 15

Mechanical
Principles
~ an Introduction ~

By: Mihiran Galagedara

B.Sc. Eng (Hons)UOM, AMIESL
Faculty of Engineering and
Construction, ICBT Campus-MT,
Sri Lanka.

Details of the Module

Unit code:

F/601/1450

QCF level:

Credit value: 15

Aim
Physics
(Mechani
cs)

Mechanic
al
Principles

Engineeri
ng Design

Learning Outcomes
1. Be able to determine the
behavioural characteristics of
materials
subjected
to
complex loading systems

Learning Outcomes
2.

Be able to determine the

behavioural characteristics of
loaded beams and cylinders

Learning Outcomes
3. Be able to determine the
dynamic parameters of power
transmission system elements

Belt Drives

Friction
Clutches

Learning Outcomes
4. Be able to determine the dynamic
parameters of rotating systems

Fly

Flywheel of 88-91

Assessments
I. Assignment I
II. Summative
Assessment 01
III. Assignment II
IV. Summative
Assessment 02

Definitions

Poissons ratio

Consider
the
rectangular bar
of subjected to a
tensile load.

Poissons ratio

Under the action of this

load the bar will increase
in length by an amount
giving
a
longitudinal
strain in the bar of,

Poissons ratio
The bar will also exhibit a
reduction in dimensions laterally
(i.e. its breadth and depth will
both reduce)
The associated lateral strains will
both be equal, will be of opposite
sense to the longitudinal strain,
and will be given by

Poissons ratio
Provided the load on the
material is retained within the
elastic range the ratio of the
lateral
and longitudinal strains will
always be constant.
This ratio is termed Poissons
ratio.

Poissons ratio
The negative sign of the lateral
strain is normally ignored to leave
Poissons ratio simply as a ratio of
strain magnitudes.
It must be remembered, however,
that the longitudinal strain induces a
lateral strain of opposite sign
e.g. tensile longitudinal strain
induces
compressive
lateral
strain.

Poissons ratio
For most engineering materials
the value of v lies between 0.25
and 0.33.
Since,

Hence

Some Values
Material
rubber
gold
magnesium
clay
stainless steel
steel
cast iron
sand
concrete
glass
cork
auxetics

Poisson's Ratio
~ 0.50
0.42
0.35
0.300.45
0.300.31
0.270.30
0.210.26
0.200.45
0.20
0.180.3
~ 0.00
negative

Example 01
a) A 25 mm diameter bar is subjected
to an axial tensile load of 100 kN.
Under the action of this load a 200
mm gauge length is found to
extend 0.19 x 10-3 mm. Determine
the modulus of elasticity for the
bar material.

Example 02
b.) If, in order to reduce weight whilst
keeping the external diameter
constant, the bar is bored axially to
produce a cylinder of uniform
thickness, what is the maximum
diameter of bore possible given that
the maximum allowable stress is 240
MN/m2? The load can be assumed to
remain constant at 100 kN.

Example 03
(c) What will be the change in the
outside diameter of the bar under
the limiting stress quoted in (b)? (E
= 210GN/m2 and v = 0.3).

References
[1] Beer, F. P. and De-Wolf,J. T. (2004)Mechanics
of materials.3rd ed., Tata McGraw-Hill.
[2] Hearn, E.J. (2000) Mechanics of Materials.3rd
ed., BH.