Schrdinger

(n, l, ml)
.

Schrdinger,

animation
()
.
ms
,
.
ms

 n
: 1,2,3,4,.
(
n ,
)

( Bohr)
n
. n
:

n

0,1,2,3,.n-1

.
n l
. l
:

...

...


n=3 l=2
3d.
n=1, o l 0.
()
n=2, o l 0,1.
L , 2s
2p
n=3, o l 0,1,2.
M 3s,
3p 3d.

 ml

ml
l
2l+1 ml, 2l+1 . :
l=0 ( s, 1s,2s,3s,.),, o ml
0, s 1
l=1( p, . 2p,3p4p,), ml
-1,0,+1, p 3
l=2( d,. 3d,4d,5d,), o ml
-2,-1,0,+1,+2, d 5
l=3( f . 4f,5f) o ml
-3,-2,-1,0,+1,+2,+3 , f 7

ml

-1,0,+1

-2,-1,0,+1,+2

-3,-2,-1,0,+1,+2,+3

p
:

ml

+1

-1

px

pz

py

 spin
+1/2 -1/2 ,




spin
-1/2



spin +1/2



.
n
n,l
n,l ,ml

n,l,ml,ms

2px

3px

2py

3py

2pz

3pz

p ,

animation