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Corrosion and Degradation of Materials
Corrosion and Degradation of Materials
Materials
How does corrosion occur?
Which metals are most likely to corrode?
What environmental parameters affect
corrosion rate?
How do we prevent or control corrosion?
Chapter 17 - 1
automobiles and
other equipment
Cost:
EHStock/iStockphoto
-- the destructive
electrochemical
attack of a material.
-- Ex: Rusting of
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Figure 12.2
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Figure 12.4
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Figure 12.5
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Figure 12.6
ELECTROCHEMICAL CORROSION
Ex: consider the corrosion of zinc in an acid solution
Two reactions are necessary:
-- oxidation reaction:
-- reduction reaction:
H+
Oxidation reaction
Zn
Zn2+
H+
Zinc
H+
H+ +
H
H+
H2(gas)
H+
reduction reaction
Acid
solution
Chapter 17 - 7
H2(gas)
Mn+ H+
ions
H+
e-
25C
e-
ne -
2e -
Mn+
ions
metal, M
metal, M
ne -
e-
Platinum
e-
H+ 2e H+
H2(gas)
Platinum
-- Corrosion
25C
o
Vmetal
0
(relative to Pt)
o
metal
(relative to Pt)
more anodic
more cathodic
EMF series
metal
Au
Cu
Pb
Sn
Ni
Co
Cd
Fe
Cr
Zn
Al
Mg
Na
K
o
Vmetal
+1.420 V
Ex: Cd-Ni cell
+0.340
o
o
V
<
V
Cd corrodes
Ni
Cd
- 0.126
- 0.136
+
- 0.250
V o =
- 0.277
0.153V
- 0.403
- 0.440
Cd
Ni
25C
- 0.744
- 0.763
- 1.662
1.0 M
1.0 M
- 2.363
Cd 2+ solution Ni 2+ solution
- 2.714
Adapted from Fig. 17.2,
Data based on Table 17.1,
Callister & Rethwisch 9e.
- 2.924 Callister 9e.
Chapter 17 - 9
GALVANIC SERIES
more anodic
(active)
more cathodic
(inert)
Chapter 17 - 10