Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Basics of Lubrication - Training
Basics of Lubrication - Training
Basics of Lubrication - Training
Types of Lubrication
Hydrodynamic
Boundary
Mixed
Hydrodynamic Lubrication
Occurs when machine parts are completely separated
by a full and continuous film of lubricant
Contact between the parts does not occur.
Full-fluid-film lubrication is hydrodynamic lubrication,
the oil adheres to the moving part and is drawn into
the area between the rotating surfaces, where it forms
a pressure, or hydrodynamic, wedge.
A less common form of full-fluid-lubrication is
hydrostatic lubrication, where the oil is supplied to the
bearing area under pressure to separate the sliding
surfaces.
Hydrodynamic Lubrication
Boundary Lubrication
Under certain conditions such as shock loading,
heavy loads, high temperature, slow speed and
critically low viscosity, the lubricant is no longer
hydrodynamic
Frequent contact between the surfaces, resulting in
a significant rise in temperature and subsequent
destruction of the contacting surfaces.
Under these circumstances, the fluid film is no
longer capable of adequately protecting the
surfaces.
EP capabilities in the lubricant are essential
Solid additives are mixed into the grease
Mixed Lubrication
Although not a true mode of lubrication in the
sense of hydrodynamic or boundary, mixed
lubrication occurs more frequently then is
realized.
Mixed lubrication is a transitional mode of
lubrication between hydrodynamic and boundary
Mixed lubrication is characterized by the
likelihood of intermittent surface contact
EP and anti-wear are essential properties in the
lubricant
Viscosity
(Thin)
Viscosity
(Thick)
Product enhancements:
Extreme Pressure (EP) Additives
CHEMICAL
SOLUTIONS
Chlorine
Sulphur
Phosphorous
SOLID
LUBRICANTS
Graphite
Molybdenum disulphide
(MoS2)
PTFE (Teflon)
Product enhancements
OXIDATION INHIBITORS
Longer wet life
CORROSION INHIBITORS
Improves corrosion protection.
TACKY ADDITIVES
Improves adhesion
General
Purpose
Soap
Thickeners
Lithium complex
Calcium complex
Aluminium complex
Thickener Properties
Lithium
Good multi-purpose, good mechanical stability,
limited other properties
Lithium Complex
Excellent high temp & mechanical stability
capability
Calcium Complex
Excellent load carrying and water resistance
Aluminium Complex
Excellent temperature capability & water
resistance
BLOCK GREASE
Old Technology
NLGI No 5
SEMI-SOLID ELASTIC-LIKE
GREASE
NLGI No 4
NLGI No 3
HEAVIER GREASE
NLGI No 2
85% OF MARKET
NLGI No 1
THINNER GREASE
NLGI No 0
SEMISEMI
FLUID/
FLUID GREASE
NLGI No 00
FLUID GREASE
NLGI No
000
FLUID GREASE
Generally
applied
by and automatic
Used
in semi-auto
systems
Automatic
Lubricator
Used in some gearboxes and
semi & auto lube systems with
longer pipe lines
Premium EP 2
NLGI 6
NLGI 5
NLGI 4
NLGI 3
NLGI 2
NLGI 1
NLGI 0
NLGI 00
NLGI 000
Premium EP 1
Premium EP 000
Summary
Base fluid
Mineral or synthetic
Viscosity
EP additives
Chemical and/or solids
Corrosion inhibitors
Oxidation inhibitors
Thickeners for greases.
Outer Race
Balls or
Rollers
Shaft
Inner Race
Lubricant
Plain Bush
Lubricant
Shaft
FRICTIONAL HEAT
WHY LUBRICATE?
FRICTIONAL HEAT
FRICTIONAL WEAR
WHY LUBRICATE?
Thank You
Any Questions?