Submitted To:

Engr.Hafiz Khuram Ali

Submitted By:
M. Faheem Asif
Sultan Fateh Ali Khan
AHSAN ULLAH SHAH

03/02/15

07-MCT-22
07-MCT-27
07-MCT37

Topic of Presentation:

How Power
Steering works
03/02/15

Objective:
Study of Mechatronics viewing Power
Steering.
What is Mechatronics and its role in
Power Steering.

03/02/15

Overview
Mechatronics is actually overlapping of
Mechanical,Electronic and Control
(Computer) systems

Electrica
l

03/02/15

Control

Mechanical

03/02/15

03/02/15

What is Power Steering?

You know that when you turn the steering wheel in your
car, the wheels turn. Cause and effect, right? But a lot
of interesting stuff goes on between the steering wheel
and the tires to make this happen
We'll see how the most common types of car steering
systems work. Then we'll examine power steering and
find out about some interesting future developments in
steering systems
Power steering is a system for reducing the steering
effort on cars by using an external power source to
assist in turning the wheels.

03/02/15

History of Power
Steering

03/02/15

Types of Power
Steering:

There are many types of Power Steering like

Hydraulic Power Steering.
Electrohydraulic Power Steering.
Electric Power steering.

03/02/15

Hydraulic Power
Steering

Hydraulic Power Steering systems work by using

a belt driven pump to provide hydraulic pressure
to the system

This hydraulic pressure is generated by rotary

pump which is driven by engine

As the Engine speed increases the pressure in

hydraulic fluid also increases
03/02/15

10

Hydraulic Power Steering

03/02/15

11

Working Hydraulic Power

There are following key components in hydraulic power steering

Steering

Rotary-Vane Pump
The hydraulic power for the steering is provided by a Rotary-Vane
Pump (see diagram below). This pump is driven by the car's engine
via a belt and pulley. It contains a set of retractable vanes that spin
inside an oval chamber.

Rotary-Vane Pump

03/02/15

12

Working Hydraulic Power

As the vanes spin, they pull hydraulic fluid from the return line at low
Steering
pressure and force it into the outlet at high pressure. The amount of
flow provided by the pump depends on the car's engine speed. The
pump must be designed to provide adequate flow when the engine is
idling. As a result, the pump moves much more fluid than necessary
when the engine is running at faster speeds
Rotary-Vane Pump

03/02/15

13

Working Hydraulic Power

Steering
The pump contains a pressure-relief valve to make sure that the
pressure does not get too high, especially at high engine
when so much fluid is being pumped.

speeds

Rotary-Vane Pump

03/02/15

14

Working Hydraulic Power

Steering

Rotary-Valve

A power-steering system should assist the driver only when he is

exerting force on the steering wheel (such as when starting a turn).
When the driver is not exerting force (such as when driving in a
straight
line), the system shouldn't provide any assist. The device that
senses the
force on the steering wheel is called the rotary valve.
Rotary-Valve

03/02/15

15

Working Hydraulic Power

Steering
The key to the rotary valve is a torsion bar. The torsion bar is a thin rod
of metal that twists when torque is applied to it. The top of the bar is
connected to the steering wheel, and the bottom of the bar is
connected to the pinion or worm gear (which turns the wheels), so the
amount of torque in the torsion bar is equal to the amount of torque
the
driver is using to turn the wheels. The more torque the driver uses to turn the
wheels, the more the bar twists
Rotary-Valve

03/02/15

16

Advantages Hydraulic
Power Steering

Hydraulic power system (HPS) has no steering wheel

torque as compared to mechanical system
In HPS no freezing of steering systems is caused by
dried up grease and corrosion in the steering tube of
the motor

03/02/15

17

Disadvantages Hydraulic
Power Steering
Hydraulic Power Steering systems are less
efficienct in following areas as compared to
most modern Electric Power steering
systems:

Engine efficiency
Space efficiency
Environmental compatibility

03/02/15

18

Electro-hydraulic
systems :
Electro-hydraulic power steering
systems, sometimes abbreviated EHPS,
and also sometimes called "hybrid"
systems, use the same hydraulic assist
technology as standard systems, but the
hydraulic pressure is provided by a pump
driven by an electric motor instead of
being belt-driven by the engine.
03/02/15

19

Electric systems:
Electric Power Steering systems use
electric components with no hydraulic
systems at all. Sensors detect the motion
and torque of the steering column and a
computer module applies assistive power
via an electric motor coupled directly to
either the steering gear or steering
column.
03/02/15

20

EPS or Electronic Power

Steering

03/02/15

21

03/02/15

22

Steering Torque

Microprocessor
Microprocessor

Motor

Output
OutputTorque
Torque

Sensors

03/02/15

23

Electric Power Steering

EPS in Honda NSX

03/02/15

24

The NSX System

03/02/15

25

Construction of NSX
03/02/15

26

Basic Working
The NSX system consists of a rack-andpinion steering gear with an electric motor
installed concentrically around the rack
Transmission of Motor power through a
recirculating ball drive mechanism
Steering sensors are located on the input
shaft and consist of:
Torque sensor & rotation sensor
03/02/15

27

 An "interface" circuit digitise the signals

from the torque sensor and rotation
sensor into signals the control electronics
can process.
Inputs from the steering sensor &
vehicle's speed sensor are sent to
microprocessor control unit. The sensor
inputs are then compared to determine
power required according to a
preprogrammed "force map". The control
unit then sends out the appropriate
command to the "power unit" which then
supplies the electric motor with current.
03/02/15

28

The Microprocessor
Control Unit

03/02/15

29

Operating modes of EPS:

Normal Mode"
Return Mode
Damper Mode"

03/02/15

30

Basic Features:
(1) It's compact and light and (2) it's not
parasitic (robbing power from the engine)
since it only draws electric power on
demand. But it also provides precise control
and is easy to vary the amount of assistance
with an electric unit. Plus it's simpler to install
(especially in a mid- or rear-engined car),
there are no hydraulic lines to break, and it's
quieter
03/02/15

31

Advantages:

Constant Feed-back
Less Consumption of power
Different operating modes
Self-diagnosing faults by monitoring the
system's inputs and outputs

03/02/15

32

Disadvantages
One of the disadvantage of EPS is that it
cannot be used in big vehicles.
It reduces the feel of steering.
Electronic components failure can occur.

03/02/15

33

Thanks a lot

03/02/15

34