Power Steering

System In
Automobiles
Presented by

Vishal V. Chitare
(1DB07ME425)
chitarevishal@gmail.com
Don Bosco Institute of Tecnology.
Bangalore.

Power Steering
Introduction.
History.
General Circuit .
Component In Power Steering.
Types of HMPS.
Future of Power Steering.
Advantages and Disadvantages.
Conclusion.

Introduction
Steering is the term applied to the collection of
components, linkages, etc. which allow for a car or
other vehicle to follow a course determined by its
driver.

History of Hydro-mechanical Power Steering

(HMPS)

Hydro-mechanical power steering was the

first type to be used on agricultural tractors in
the early 1950s.
Suitable for small to medium tractors where
power steering can be an option to manual
steering.
Once the size of the tractor becomes too big
for manual steering, hydro-mechanical
steering is usually not cost effective.

General Circuit
Oil Reservoir
Must be large enough to hold more than all of the oil for
the system.
Should be capable of dissipating heat in oil.

Hydraulic Lines
Flexible hoses due to the steering components
movements.

General Circuit
Filters
Oil Filter

Preferably installed in
the return line.
A 10-micron or smaller
filter is recommended.

Air Breather Filter

The breather or vent

in the reservoir.
A 3-micron filter is
recommended.

Components in Power Steering

Pump

Steering gears

Rotary valve

Linkages

Components in Power Steering

Power Steering Pump
Usually a vane-type pump or similar.
Driven by the engine.

Power Cylinder
Double-acting differential cylinder.
Steering response to left and right turns is slightly
different. Hardly noticeable.

HMPS Type 1
The integral valve and actuator coupled to steering linkage.

Easiest to adapt
to an existing
mechanical
steering layout.
Only two hoses
are neede

HMPS Type 2
Steering column mounted control valve with separate, remote actuator
coupled to a linkage member.

Creates a highly
congested area with
all of the hoses.
Four Hoses are
needed: supply,
return and a pair to
the actuator.
Creates noise, heat
and vibration

HMPS Type 3
Control Valve and actuator separately mounted in the steering linkage.

Keeps the area

around the
steering wheel
from becoming
too congested.
Four hoses are
required.

HMPS Type 4
The control valve and the actuator are mounted on the steering column,
the actuator drives the pitman arm by rack and pinion or by crank arm
means.

Most sophisticated
design
Requires little or no
steering linkage
modification.
Requires larger space
envelope than other
types.

Vane Type of Pump

ROTARY VALVE

Split Gears

It converts the rotational

motion of the steering
wheel into the linear
motion needed to turn
the wheels.
It provides a gear
reduction, making it
easier to turn the wheels.

Steering Gear Box

Steering gears are
enclosed in a casing
known as steering
gear box ( as shown
in Fig.)

Recirculating-ball Steering
The first part is a block of
metal with a threaded hole
in it.

Works similar to a bolt

that sticks into the hole in
the block.

These are used in havy

duty comurcial
vehicles.

Power Rack-and-pinion

The Future of Steering - Drive by

Wire

As the majority of todays hydraulic power steering

systems are designed to have the steering pump
running constantly, pumping fluid around the
system, it wastes valuable horsepower, which
translates into wasted efficiency and therefore fuel.
One concept is the "steer-by-wire" or "drive-by-wire"
system. These system would completely eliminate the
mechanical connection between the steering wheel and
the steering, replacing it with a purely electronic control
system.

Advantages
Preventing the wheels from transferring the load to
the steering column

Reducing the drivers fatigue

Low input torque and continuous steering function

Oil output directly proportional to the steering speed

Disadvantages
Design is compications and increased in cost.

Fluid leakage.

Conclusion
By studing all these we can conclude that the
power stering is nesessory for the modern cars.
Now a days we can see almost all cars having
a power steering.
It provides good handling to the driver, gives
better comfert, and make him less fatigue.

Power Steering

Thank you