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Fire Hazard Assessment of Public Assembly Building
Fire Hazard Assessment of Public Assembly Building
Internal Advisor
INTRODUCTION
SCOPE
OBJECTIVE
BUILDING DESCRIPTION
Building: Engr. Abul Kalam Library, NEDUET.
Total area: 11000 sq.ft.
G+2 reinforced concrete frame structure.
Storey height: 11-6.
STEP 3- Contd.
DESIGN FIRE CURVE
PREDICTION OF FLASHOVER
Flashover occurs when all the fuel present in the
compartment gets involved in combustion.
Based on the compartment parameters, It is calculated to
determine whether the fire enters the steady burning phase
or not.
For the prediction of flashover fire the peak HRR is
compared with minimum heat release rate required for
flashover fire and is given by:
E1
E2
E3
STEP 3- Contd.
2. PREDICTION OF GROWTH RATE OF FIRE EFFECTS
Types of hazard includes:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
STEP 3- Contd.
i. RADIANT HEAT FLUX
.Thermal radiation is an important mode of heat transfer in
which transference takes place through electromagnetic
energy.
.Radiant heat flux plays an important role for the radiation of
heat from burning items to adjacent fuels.
STEP 3- Contd.
ii. DEPTH OF UPPER LAYER
.The early stages of fire involves filling of compartment with
smoke.
.Estimation of smoke layer height helps in evaluation in
environmental condition form a fire in the compartment.
STEP 3- Contd.
HOT GAS LAYER
TEMPRATURE
STEP 3- Contd.
iii. PLUME CENTERLINE TEMPERATURE AND VELOCITY
.A fire plume or ceiling jet phase is the initial stage of a
compartment fire. It is a rising column of hot combustion
products which also contains smoke particles. As the fire
grows plume impinges on the ceiling of the compartment.
.The centerline temperatures of plume can be used to predict
temperatures of structural elements.
STEP 3- Contd.
iv. SMOKE PRODUCTION
.Mass production rate of smoke filled gases is approximately
equivalent to amount of air entertained into the rising fire
plume.
CENTRELINE TEMPERATURE
CENTRELINE VELOCITY
STEP 3- Contd.
v.
SPECIES
PRODUCTION
.Toxic and corrosive
combustion products are
produced including CO2,
CO, H2O, soot particles and
many others.
a) Effective width
b) Density
STEP 4 - Contd.
c) Specific flow
f)
Floor-to-floor travel
distance
d) Calculated flow
g) Travel time
e) Speed of movement
h) Transition of flow
STEP 4 - Contd.
RESULTS OF FIRST
ORDER APPROXIMATION
RESULTS OF MORE
DETAILED ANALYSIS
Stairway 1
Stairway 2
Floor
Stairway 1
Stairway 2
0.22
0.15
320
80
3.6
1.7
3.82
1.9
exit
Time to pass through
exit (min) (Persons
passing/Fc)
Total evacuation time
(min)
CONCLUSION
Study Hall on 1st floor of the building was considered as the
worst case scenario.
In case of fire, flashover occurs after 13 minutes of burning
of fuel.
fire eventually turned into ventilation-controlled after 14.5
minutes of burning.
The maximum compartment temperature is 906 C.
Evacuation time is found to be 3.82 minutes for Stairway 1
and 1.9 minutes for Stairway 2.
Since the evacuation time is less than time of flashover, the
occupants will safely evacuate the building.
The Stairway 2 which serves as fire exit for 1st floor should
be free of hindrances.
Thank You