Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DHCP
DHCP
IP address
Router
Subnet Mask
Many more
Before DHCP
Manual assignment
RARP
BOOTP
DHCP Features
Sample Network
DHCP
Server
DHCP
Clients
UDP Port
68
UDP Port
68
UDP Port
68
UDP Port
67
Route
r
Interne
t
Preliminaries
Client
DHCPDISCOVE
R
DHCPOFFE
R
Server B
DHCPDISCOVE
R
DHCPOFFE
R
DHCPREQUES
T
Configuration complete
DHCPREQUES
T
DHCPAC
K
Graceful shutdown
DHCPRELEAS
E
Use
DHCPDISCOVER
DHCPOFFER
DHCPREQUEST
DHCPDECLINE
DHCPACK
DHCPNAK
DHCPRELEASE
DHCPINFORM
Client
Server B
T1 elapses
DHCPREQUES
T
Configuration complete
DHCPACK
T1 elapses
T2 elapses
DHCPREQUES
T
DHCPAC
K
DHCPREQUES
T
DHCPREQUES
T
Configuration complete
RENEWIN
G
T2/Broadcast
DHCPREQUEST
REBINDIN
G
DHCPACK (in
use)/
DHCPDECLINE
-/DHCPDISCOV
ER
DHCPACK/Set
T1,T2
DHCPACK/Set
T1,T2
REQUESTIN
G
Select
offer/DHCPREQUEST
SELECTIN
G
DHCPNAK/
Stop using IP
address
DHCPOFFER/
Process offer
T1/
Unicast
DHCPREQUES
T
DHCPACK/Set
T1,T2
BOUN
D
Retransmissions
Exponential backoff
Randomized
Recommendations
Server Storage
Permanent storage
Action Taken
If current lease for client exists, send DHCPOFFER
Else, if IP address available, send DHCPOFFER
Else, do nothing
DHCPREQUEST
DHCPDECLINE
DHCPRELEASE
DHCPINFORM
Lease
expiration
Hardware Type
32
Bits
Hardware Length
Hop Count
Transaction ID
Seconds Elapsed
B
Client IP address
Your IP address
Server IP address
Relay agent IP address
Client hardware address
(16 bytes)
Server host name
(64 bytes)
Boot file name
(128 bytes)
Magic
Cookie
Options
(up to 312 bytes)
DHCP Options
Magic Cookie:
99
130
83
99
4
bytes
Option format:
Code
Length
1 byte
1 byte
Data
Length
bytes
Subnet Mask:
255
One-byte options:
0
255
Padding
End of options
255
255
Relay Agent
within
Interne
t
Route
r
DHCP
Server
Relay Agents
Demonstration
Advanced Topics
Lease times
Dynamic DNS
Reliability
Security
Lease Times
Anywhere from 15 minutes 1 year
Common lease times & rationales
Tradeoff
Dynamic DNS
81
Length
1 byte
1 byte
Flags
rcode1
Length
bytes
rcode2
Name
Reliability
DHCP
Clients
Primar
y
Server
Seconda
ry Server
Security