Rare top decays

in Extended
Phys. Rev. D 72, 034018 (2005)
Models
Ricardo Gaitn

Centro de Investigaciones Tericas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores - Cuautitln,

Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico, (FESC-UNAM).

Omar G. Miranda

Departamento de Fsica, Centro de Investigacin y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN,

(CINVESTAV).

Luis G. Cabral-Rosetti

Departamento de Posgrado, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigacin y Docencia

en Educacin Tcnica, (CIIDET).

X Mexican Workshop on Particles and Field

Morelia Mich., November 7-12, 2005.

X Mexican Workshop on Particles

and Fields

Rare top decays in Extended Models

OVERVIEW

1) Introduction
2) Alternative left-right symmetric Model (ALRM)
3) Top and Higgs decays in the ALRM
a) Constraining the top-charm mixing angle
b) The decay: t H + c
c) The decay: t H + c

4) Results and Conclusions

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Rare top decays in Extended Models

1) Introduction

The top quark was regarded as an essential ingredient of the Standard Model (SM)
of particle physics. Its existence, and many of its properties, are determined by the
following requirements: theoretical consistency of the Standard Model gauge theory
(anomaly cancellations), consistency of b quark measurements with SM predictions,
and consistency of precisions measurements with the SM.
Qt em

Top quark properties:

2
|e|
3

Weak isospin partner of b quark

T t3

1
2

Color triplet
1

Spin- 2
The top quark mass, which is measured at CDF and D0 to be approach 174 GEVs,
is not predicted in the SM, but is restricted by precision electroweak measurements.
The fact that the top quark is much heavier than the other quarks gives it a special
role in electroweak symmetry breaking.
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1) Introduction
ORDINARY AND EXOTIC FERMIONS
Different extensions of the STANDAR MODEL (SM), such as the Models with
Left-Right Symmetry, SO(10) and E(6), predicts the existence of new fermions
with exotic SU(2) X U(1) assignments.In addition to direct production, these new
fermions can manifest themselves through their mixing with the known quarks
and leptons.

The mixings will affect the couplings to the neutral current (NC) and the charged
current (CC) of the known neutral states, and then could be restricted by the
precision tests of the SM.

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Rare top decays in Extended Models

1) Introduction
Standard Model
e

e

, ,
L
L

u

d

c t
, ,
s L b
L

doublets in SU(2)

e R , R , R ,
u R , cR , t R ,
d R , sR , bR
singlets in SU(2)

There are several possibilities for new fermions. The sequential fermions are
repetitions of the known fermions, with canonical (L-doublets , R-singlets) SU(2)
X U(1) assignments. The mirror fermions are L-handed singlets and R-handed
doublets of SU(2). The vector doublets concern to new quarks o leptons where the
L and R-handed components are SU(2) doublets. The vector singlets are new
particles for which L and R are SU(2) singlets . Also, there are SU(2)-singlet
Weyl. Finally, one can introduce exotic electric charge or color assignments.
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1) Introduction
MIXING WEAK-HEAVY
Vectors for the ordinary weak eigenstates and
exotic, left and right are grouped in the column
vector:

0 ord

n0

0
ex

Vectors for the light mass eigenstates (standard)

and heavy are grouped in the column vector:

l
n

The relation between weak eigenstates and mass

eigenstates will be given through
with

A E

F
G

U L( R)

L( R)

From the unitarity of U is

obtained:
where I is the identity matrix, i.e.
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L(R)

L(R)

n 0 L ( R ) UnL ( R )

U U I

A A F F A A E E I
I

0 I

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Rare top decays in Extended Models

1) Introduction
NEUTRAL INTERACTIONS WITH FLAVOUR CHANGE OF THE TOP
The next generation of high energies colliders, planned or in construction, will
probe the Standard Model (SM) with high precision, and they will explore
higher energies in the new physic research.

The new Physics could be manifest in two ways: through direct signals including
the production of new particles or departure of the SM predictions for known
particles.

The quark top plays an important role in the search of departures of the SM
predictions for two reasons:
1) Because their great mass, the radiative corrections that include new
particles, frequently are more important than for the light fermions.
2) Their great mass (approximately 178 GeVs) suggest that it may be plays an
special role in the electroweak symmetry breaking.
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1) Introduction
Quarks top could be copiously produced in LHC and in colliders e+e- of high
energy such as TESLA. With these big probes, we will to have more precise
measures of their coupling to probe the SM.
Is very important the study of the flavor changing neutral currents with (FCNF)
including the quark top. The quark top decays induced by FCNC are extremely
rare events in the SM.
In the ME,

BR(t c ), BR(t c Z ), BR (c H ) 10 13
BR ( H t c ) 1013

Considering physics beyond the SM, there are new possibilities that could
change radically the pessimist prospectus for the FCNC decays that include a
Higgs boson and a quark top
Example:
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Two Higgs Doublets Model (2HDM)

Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM)

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2) Alternative left-right symmetric Model (ALRM)

SU (2) L SU (2) R U (1) B L

The gauge group of ALRM is:

i0
l 0 , eiR0
ei L
0
iL

Fermionic sector:

i0
l 0 , eiL0
ei R
0
iR

ui0
ui0
0
0
0
Q 0 , uiR , d iR ; Q iR 0 , uiL0 , diL0
di L
di R
0
iL

1 0


2 v

The Higgs fields:

1 0

2 v

The neutral and massive Higgs bosons are:

H 2 (e 0 v) cos (e 0 v) sin
H 2 (e 0 v) sin (e 0 v) cos
where denotes the neutral Higgs mixing angle.
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2) Alternative left-right symmetric Model (ALRM)

Higgs boson and quarks interaction

L Yq ijd QiL0 d 0jR uij QiL0 ~ u 0jR ijd Q iR0 d 0jL

~ 0
u
0
ij Q iR u jL ijd diL0 d 0jR iju uiL0 u 0jR h. c.
where i, j 1, 2, 3 and ijd (u ) , ijd (u ) , and ijd (u ) are
unknown matrices. The conjugate fields
~
~
~
~
*

are i and i * , with

the Pauli matrix.

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2) Alternative left-right symmetric Model (ALRM)

The tree-level interactions of neutral Higgs bosons H and
^ with the lights fermions are given by:
H

mf
L
L A AL
R ( H cos H sin )
MW
2 2
mf
g

L
FR FR R ( H sin H cos ) h. c.
M W
2 2
f
Y

The neutral current in terms of the mass eigenstates, including the

contributions of the neutral gauge boson mixing, can be written as
follows :
Z

Ya
n. c.

-L
a Ua gT3a , gT3a , g Ua a Z ,
2

a L, R
A

3a , and Y are the generators of SU (2) L , SU (2) R , and U (1) B L , respectively.

where T3a , T
Fron the last two equations, we can see that, thanks to the nounitarity of the Aa matrices,
we can have FCNC at tree level.
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3a) Constraining the top-charm mixing angle

FC coupling of
Z to top-charm
quarks

ct
Z

c ( gV g A ) Z t , where
sW cW
1

s2W

2
c
1 W

gV , A c
s 32L
s32R

4
rW
4 rW

32L ( AL AL ) 32 ; 32R ( AR AR ) 32
From BR( t Z + c) and comparing with the experimental limit, we obtain
that
0.53
32

From
We obtain that:
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32 (1 33 )(1 22 )

32 0.1
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3b) The decay: t H + c

g mt32
cos PL
2M W

2
2
G

cos
2
0
2
2
F 32
(t H c)
mt mc M H
16 2mt

m M H mc m M H mc
2
t

2
t

(t H c)
BR(t H c)
(t b W )
0

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3b) The decay: t H + c

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3c) The decay: H t + c

3GF mt cos
2
2
2
( H t c)
M

m
H
t
c
3
8 2 M H
2
32

M mt mc
2
H

( H f f ) C f
0

G F m M H
2
f

2
ff

mc mt

2
H

cos
2

4 2

1 4
f

where f (m f / M H ) , C f 1 for leptons

2

and C f 3 for quarks.

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3c) The decay: H t + c

3
2
G
M
cos

1/ 2
0
F
H
1 4W
( H W W )
8 2

with W ( M W / M H )

3
4
2
2
G
M
M
X
cos

1/ 2
0
F
H
W
1 4Z
( H Z Z )
4
16 2 M Z

1 4Z 122Z
with f ( M Z / M H ) 2
and
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X cW c sW / rW tW s rW c
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Rare top decays in Extended Models

3c) The decay: H t + c

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4) Results and Conclusions

1) The model allows relatively big values of 32

2) The BR(t H c) could be of order of 10 4 ,

which is at the reach of LHC.

3) The BR( H t c) may reach a value of

order 10 3 and can also be an useful channel

to look for signals of new physics in LHC.

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