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Unit - IV: Fourier Method of Waveform Analysis
Unit - IV: Fourier Method of Waveform Analysis
Unit - IV: Fourier Method of Waveform Analysis
A sine wave
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Fourier Analysis
Fourier analysis is a tool that changes a
time domain signal to a frequency
domain signal and vice versa.
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Fourier Series
Fourier Transform
Fourier
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P.1 Determine the Fourier series of the waveform shown in Fig. Obtain
the amplitude and phase spectra.
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Finally, let us obtain the amplitude and phase spectra for the signal in
Fig.
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P.2 Find the Fourier series of the square wave in Fig. Plot the amplitude
and phase spectra.
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SYMMETRY CONSIDERATIONS
three types of symmetry:
(1) even symmetry, (2) odd symmetry, (3) half-wave symmetry.
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(1)even symmetry
A function f (t) is even if its plot is symmetrical about the vertical axis;
that is,
f (t) = f (t)
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P.3 Determine the Fourier series for the half-wave rectified cosine
function shown in Fig.
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CIRCUIT APPLICATIONS
Many circuits are driven by nonsinusoidal periodic functions. To
find the steady-state response of a circuit to a nonsinusoidal periodic
excitation requires the application of a Fourier series, ac phasor analysis,
and the superposition principle. The procedure usually involves three
steps.
StepsforApplyingFourierSeries:
1. Express the excitation as a Fourier series.
2. Find the response of each term in the Fourier series.
3. Add the individual responses using the superposition principle.
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P.4
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FOURIER TRANSFORM
There are many important nonperiodic functionssuch as a unit
step or an exponential functionthat can not be represented by a
Fourier series. The Fourier transform allows a transformation from the
time to the frequency domain, even if the function is not periodic.
The Fourier Transform decomposes any function into a sum of
sinusoidal basis functions. Each of these basis functions is a complex
exponential of a different frequency. The Fourier Transform therefore
gives us a unique way of viewing any function - as the sum of simple
sinusoids.
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SINGULARITY FUNCTIONS
Singularity functions
are functions that either are
discontinuous
or
have
discontinuous derivatives.
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The derivative of the unit step function u(t) is the unit impulse
function (t), which we write as
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P.5
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