The Hydrogen

Economy
Where is it?

. to enable a commitment by auto-makers no later than

year 2015 to offer safe, affordable, and technically
viable hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in the mass consumer
market; and to enable production, delivery, and
acceptance by consumers of model year 2020 hydrogen
fuel cell and other hydrogen-powered vehicles that will
have
(i) a range of at least 300 miles;
(ii) improved performance and ease of driving;
(iii) safety and performance comparable to vehicle
technologies in the market; and when compared to light
duty vehicles in model year 2003
(I) fuel economy that is substantially higher;
(II) substantially lower emissions of air pollutants; and
(III) equivalent or improved vehicle fuel system crash
integrity and occupant protection.

COST SHARING.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.Except as
otherwise provided in this title, for research and
development programs carried out under this
title the Secretary shall require a commitment
from non-Federal sources of at least 20
percent of the cost of the project.
The Secretary may reduce or eliminate the nonFederal requirement under this paragraph if the
Secretary determines that the research and
development is of a basic or fundamental
nature or involves technical analyses or
educational activities.

Except as otherwise provided in this title, the

Secretary shall require at least 50 percent of the
costs directly and specifically related to any
demonstration or commercial application
project under this title to be provided from nonFederal sources.
The Secretary may consider the size of the
non-Federal share in selecting projects.
Do I smell subsidies for big companies?

CHINA

Iceland's Industry minister

Valgerdur Sverrisdottir and
Icelandic New Energy's
general manager Jon Bjoern
Skulason fuel the first
vehicle, a DaimlerChrysler
fuel cell van, at the new
hydrogen station outside of
Reykjavik.

http://www.hfcletter.com/letter/May03/

Shell Hydrogen participated in

opening the first hydrogen
station in Amsterdam, home of
Shell Hydrogens principal
global office.
The station is the latest to be
opened under a European Union
initiative to demonstrate that
hydrogen and fuel cell buses
could be used to provide clean
transport for the continents
cities.
22/12/2003

http://www.shell.com/home/Framework?siteId=hydrogen-en

Hydrogen
fuelling station
for buses in
Hamburg

Other cities taking part in the CUTE/ECTOS project include

Amsterdam (Netherlands), Barcelona (Spain), Hamburg (Germany),
London (United Kingdom), Luxembourg, Madrid (Spain), Porto
(Portugal), Reykjavik (Iceland), Stockholm (Sweden) and Stuttgart
(Germany).

Technologies with the best potential for producing hydrogen to

meet future energy demand fall into four general categories:
Thermochemical
A steam reforming process is currently used
to produce hydrogen from such fuels as natural gas, coal,
methanol, or even gasoline. To draw on renewable energy
sources, the gasification or pyrolysis of biomassorganic
materialcan be used to generate a fuel gas that can be
reformed into hydrogen.
Electrochemical
The electrolysis of water produces hydrogen
by passing an electrical current through it.
Photoelectrochemical
The photoelectrochemical (PEC)
process produces hydrogen in one step, splitting water by
illuminating a water-immersed semiconductor with sunlight.
Photobiological
Photobiological systems generally use the
natural photosynthetic activity of bacteria and green algae to
produce hydrogen.

Solar energy used to create hydrogen in Germany

The Tandem Cell

developed by

Hydrogen Solar,
UK

A car that runs on

just hydrogen and
solar power has
completed a
journey through
Australia - the first
crossing of a
continent for a car
of this type.
The organisers say the gruelling 4,000 km (2533 miles) trip
shows greener alternatives to the traditional internal
combustion engine can be developed. The exhaust
emissions of the Japanese - built car consist of pure water.
Sydney's Lord Mayor sampled a glass of it when the
experimental vehicle arrived there from Perth.

Thursday June 15, 2000

Manhattan Scientifics Successfully Tests Fuel Cell Powered
Bicycle. Driving Range 70-100 Km at 30 Km/h. Discussions
Underway with Manufacturers.

www.electric-bikes.com/ fuelcell.htm

The Segway HT (Human Transporter)

http://www.dodfuelcell.com/article_010604.html

SunLine Transit Agency, Thousand

Palms, CA, is committed to
advancing the commercialization
of clean fuel and clean energy
technologies.
A valuable national resource,
SunLine is beginning its fourth
year of producing hydrogen on site
and using it in prototype vehicles,
and in its ninth year of operating
transit, paratransit and street
sweeping fleets powered 100% by
alternate fuels.

Hydrogen generated on site from renewable solar

power and reformed from natural gas is used to
fuel ultra-low and zero-emission vehicles and
stationary fuel cells

http://www.earthfuture.com/stormyweather/gallery

www.theautochannel.com

TORRANCE, Calif., October. 02,

2003 --- Honda R&D Co., Ltd.,
Honda's subsidiary responsible for
research and development
activities has established an
experimental Home Energy
Station (HES) that generates
hydrogen from natural gas for use
in fuel cell vehicles while
supplying electricity and hot
water to the home.

Solar powered water electrolyzing hydrogen station