MINING

INDUSTRY
BY

HIMANSHI SYAL
130423357

DEFINING MINING

Extraction of valuable minerals from

the earth or an ore body which gives
economic interest to the miner.
Ores recovered include metals,
coals, potash, gravel , clay etc.
Extraction of any non renewable
resource such as petroleum, natural
gas or even water.

WHY MINING?
Required to obtain any material
that cannot be grown through
agriculture processes or created
artificially in a lab or factory
India produces as many as 87
minerals :- 10 metallic , 47 non
metallic , 3 atomic 23 minor
minerals and 4 fuel.

HISTORY

Dates back to 1774 when English

company was granted permission
by the EAST INDIA COMPANY for
mining coal in Raniganj.
1880 :- M/s John Taylor $ sons Ltd.
Started gold mining in KOLAR
GOLD FIELDS in Karnataka.
First ever oil well in the world was
drilled in Digboi, ASSAM in 1866

MINING IN INDIA

Characterized by a large no. of small

operational mines. Employ 700,000
individual.
Major economic activity which contributes
around 10 -11 % of the GDP
2076 mines were reported in the year of
2012.
India is famous for scandals, human rights
violations and environmental pollution.
Largest producer of Sheet mica, 3rd
largest iron and 5th largest of Bauxite

MAJOR AREAS SUBJECT TO

ILLEGAL MINING

Bellary in Karnataka
Jahria in Jharkhand
Aravalli ranges Western ghats
Alwar district in Rajasthan
Goa
Angul district in Orissa
Raniganj in West Bengal
Morena district in Madhya Pradesh

FORMS OF MINING

SURFACE MINING
Mining in which soil and rock
overlying the mineral deposit
are removed.
Involves use of heavy equipment
such as earth movers , dragline
excavators.
Divides into :- OPEN PIT MINING
and PLACER MINING

MINING AND
ENVIRONMENT

ON LAND

ON WATER
Pollution

KARNATKA MINING SCAM

REDDY BROTHERS

KARNATKA MINING SCAM

Sought

the resignation of then CM BS

Yeddurappa
Found that 35 lakh tonnes of ore were
illegally exported without paying a rupee
of royalty to the exchequer, resulting in a
loss of about Rs. 16,085 crores
Illegal ore mining and export Scam in the
state estimated of 60,000 crore
People involved :- G Janardhan Reddy ,
HD kumaraswamy (former CM) , Anil Lad
( Congress Rajya sabha MP)

WHY IT HAPPENED?

Rising global iron-ore prices driven by

Chinese demand brought focus to the
iron ore richBellaryregion
ofKarnataka.
This iron ore is alleged to have been
illegally mined after paying a minuscule
royalty to the government.
The major regularities involve mines in
Bellary, including those ofObulapuram
Mining Company owned byReddy bro.

ILLEGAL ASPECTS

OUTCOMES

Karnataka
govt.
accepts
the
Lokayukta Report to illegal mining.

Lokayukta Report indicated 687

officials hands on in gone with
mining barons.

Action was initiated against 187

corrupt officials

More than 30 kg of gold and Rs 1.5 crore

in cash was found by the CBI in a raid,
that led to the arrest and imprisonment of
powerful former Karnataka BJP minister
Gali Janardhan Reddy.
Former Karnataka minister G Janardhana
Reddy taken to Chanchalguda central
prison in Hyderabad on 5 sep 2011by the
CBI

COALGATE

1.87 lakh Crore Rupees

Biggest scam in India by
now
Report authenticated by
Comptroller and Auditor
General of India

What is the coal scam?

A question many of you would have.

WHAT IT
IS!

Simply put it is a corruption scandal

where-in the Comptroller and Auditor
General of India (CAG) office has
accused the Government of India for
providing the nation's coal deposits
to private and state-run entities in an
irregular and arbitrary manner instead
of publicly auctioning them off to the
highest bidder (as is usually done for
such entities), resulting in a loss of
approximately
186,000
crore
(US$33.67 billion) to the exchequer
during the period 2004-2009.

WHO IS RESPONSIBLE?
The Comptroller and Auditor General of India
puts the Coal Ministry and the government,
particularly the PMOs office during the period
2004-2009 The coal ministry at the time was
headed by the PM Dr. Manmohan Singh

ILLEGAL MINING AND STONE CRUSHING

Illegal mining in the Ganges river bed for stones
and sand for construction work has been a long
problem in Haridwar district
This is despite the fact that quarrying has been
banned in Kumbh Mela area zone covering 140
square km On june 14, Swami Nigamanada(34year old monk) who was fasting since
February19, 2011 against illegal mining and stone
crushing along the Ganges near Haridwar, died @
Himalayan hospital in Jollygrant in Dehradun,
after alleged poisoning by stone-crushing mafia.

MINING MAFIA

Amit Jethava, an RTI and environment

activist in Junagadh had filed a PIL before
the Gujarat high court against the
unprecedented illegal mining in the
Geer lion sanctuary and forest area. In a
few days after filing the PIL, Jethava was
shot dead by anonymous assailants.

In November 2011, a social activist, sister

Valsa, was murdered in Pakur district of
Jharkhand and the finger of suspicion
was pointed at the powerful coal mafia.

CASE STUDY OF SUKINDA

VALLEY
Mining of chromate ore 260,0000
people affected. Due to open pit
mining the Brahmni river got polluted
by hexavalent chromium According to
OVHA about 24.47% of the inhabitant
found to be suffering pollution
induced disease in that area.

WATER OF BRAHMANI RIVER

THANK YOU