CE-462 FALL 2010

SATELLITE
COMMUNICATIONS
Lecture 8
Link Design (Part 4)

Downlink Design
2

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Numerical Example 1 (1):

Noise Temperature
3

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Numerical Example 1 (2):

Noise Temperature
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Numerical Example 1 (3):

Noise Temperature
5

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Numerical Example 2 (1):

Lossy Elements
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Numerical Example 2 (2):

Lossy Elements
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Numerical Example 2 (3):

Lossy Elements
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Numerical Example 2 (4):

Lossy Elements
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Note:

When system noise temperature is low,

each 0.1 dB of attenuation ahead of RF
amplifier will add approx. 6.6 K (290(11/100.01))

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Carrier power to noise power

spectral density ratio at Rx

input
Carrier power: C = PR

Noise power spectral density: No = kT

C / N o

Pt Gt

Lt LFTX LFS LA

TA

/
TF (1 GFRX ) TeRX (1 / k ) (Hz)

Lr LFRX LPOL LFRX

Gr

or,
C/No = (transmitter EIRP) (1/path loss) x
(composite receiving gain/noise
temperature) x (1/k)
C/No = (EIRP)(1/L)(G/T)(1/k)
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Numerical Example 3: (1)

Link Budget: DBS-TV
12

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Numerical Example 3: (2)

Link Budget: DBS-TV
13

IF filter designed to approximate root

raised cosine (RRC) transfer function
Noise BW of all RRC filters is always
equal to the symbol rate of the digital
txn.
In DBS-TV system, QPSK signal with
symbol rate = 20 Msps is assumed
Antenna noise temperature = 35K
LNA noise temp = 110K
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Numerical Example 3: (3)

Link Budget: DBS-TV
14

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Selection of C/N margins

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C/N margins used in DBS-TV systems are

usually quiet small to avoid the need for
large receiving antenna
The selection of C/N margins is a design
tradeoff between:

the outage level that customers can be

expected to tolerate,
the max allowable diameter for a receiving
dish antenna,
and the power o/p from the satellite
transponders
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Reduction in C/N due to

increase in sky noise

Total path attenuation:

temperature
A Aca Arain dB

Sky noise temperature:

Tsky 270 (1 10 A /10 ) K

Coupling coefficient,
of 90 to 95% is used
c
Antenna noise temperature:
TA c Tsky K
System noise temp:

Ts ,rain TLNA TA
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Increase in noise power:

Ts ,rain

kTs ,ca Bn

Ts ,ca

N rain 10 log10

kTs ,rain Bn

10 log

dB

Received power reduced by attenuation:

Crain Cca Arain dB

Resulting downlink (C/N) in rain:

(C / N ) dn ,rain (C / N ) dn ,ca Arain N rain dB
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Numerical Example 4: (1)

Intelsat IV A Downlink Antenna Beams
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Numerical Example 4: (2)

Intelsat IV A Downlink
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Numerical Example 4: (3)

Intelsat IV A Downlink
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Numerical Example 4: (4)

Intelsat IV A Downlink
21

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Numerical Example 4: (5)

Intelsat IV A Downlink
22

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Note: Link Budgets and Multiple Access

23

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