Personality?

Inner Psychological characteristics that both

determine and reflect how a person responds to
environment
A characteristic way of thinking, feeling and
behaving
distinguishes one person from another and that
can be observed in peoples relations to the
environment and to the social group

Why to study Personality theories?

Personality reflect individual Differences
Personality is consistent and enduring
Personality can change

Theories of Personality
Physiological theories
Humoral
Morphological

Psychoanalytical theories
Sigmund Freud
Neo-Freudian

Trait theories

Freudian Theory
Human mind consist of three components
ID (pleasure principle)
Superego
Ego (reality principle)

Behavior is outcome of interaction of these

components

Freudian theory and Product Personality

Snack Foods

Personality Traits

Potato Chips

Ambitious, successful, high achiever,

impatient wit less than the best

Tortilla Chips

Perfectionist, high expectations,

punctual, conservative, responsible

Pretzels

Lively, easily bored with same old

routine, flirtatious, intuitive, may over
commit to projects

Nuts

Easygoing, empathetic,
understanding, calm, even tampered

Neo-Freudian theories
Disagreed with Freud on biological basis
(instinctual and sexual in nature) for personality
development
Social Relationships fundamental to the
formation of personality

Neo-Freudian Theorists
Alfred Adler
Individual strives to overcome feelings of inferiority
Emphasized the importance of equality

Carl Jung
Karen Horney
Compliant
Move towards others (want to be loved, wanted, appreciated)

Aggressive
Move against others (excel with admiration)

Detached
Move away from others (desire independence, individualism,
self-sufficiency)

Trait theory
Quantitative in nature
any distinguishing, enduring way which make
one individual different than the other