Community Inclusive Planning for

Infrastructure Development in
Timor Leste
Manoj Nath
Constantino Belo
Oscar da Silva
RWSSP, July 07, 2009
 Background
Government priority on Road and Water
 MDGs by sector
2009 figures based on - targets from TL –MDG targets set in 2004
 Investment for MDG
• Rural Water Supply $100 million
• Rural Sanitation $ 21 million
 Past Experience
Use of international best practice through Donor funded initiatives
(ADB: Road)

• commitment to social inclusion and gender mainstreaming;

• comprehensive poverty, social, and gender analyses;
• need for women’s involvement in road infrastructure governance;
• engaging men on gender issues and concerns;
• encouraging community buy-in and maximizing stakeholder
consultations;
• providing innovative options;
• partnering with local and international non-government
• organizations; and
• developing a project-specific gender action plan
 Past Experience
Community planning and Management through
CWSSP: WATSAN
• Water Supply Services Decree #4/2004
• Policy and guidelines on community water supply
• Community Action Plan (CAP) to promote
community planning and management
• GMF formation and capacity building to promote
inclusive approach
 Commitment of G-RDTL
G-RDTL Decree #4/2004 Water Services Decree
1. Section 1
– Water development and management using a participatory approach

2. Section 4
– Community managed water supply systems – management through a
water users group

3. Section 8
– Coordination with other Government Organizations
– Responsibilities of heads of other agencies to ensure integration and
coordination of plans, strategies, programs and activities
– District administrators’ and other departments’ responsibility to develop
water management plans
 Commitment..
4. Section 22
A Water Management Group is not a legal entity
5. Section 24
Allows a WMG (GMF) to raise revenue to
manage water services
The Players Promoting Community
Driven Development
• Ministry of Infrastructure (DNSAS)
• Ministry of State Administration (PDL)
• Ministry Economy and Rural Development
• Donors, NGOs, other agencies
 Issues
• 55-65 percent of the water systems stop
fully or partially within 2-3 years time
• Parallel systems without much emphasis
on cooperation and synergy
• Best practices do not get attention for
institutionalization
• Budget for socially inclusive planning
and community capacity building
(Social Development)
 Questions
• Do we identify activities through an inclusive approach?
• Do we engage with each stakeholder group within a
community?
• Does our analysis include concerns of critical groups
(women, poor)
• Do we assist the communities with design choices and
engage with these groups to take a decision?
• Do we assist analyzing the O&M issues during planning
stage?
 Community Engagement Process
in RWSSP

Sta 1. 2. Screening 3. Community Engagement and A

rt Identificatio of application Planning
n and and
application NGO/service
(Annual) provider

A 4. Community 5. Sanitation, 6. Post En

Organisation Hygiene & Implementatio d
Development and Environmental n Support
Implementation Mgt.
 Participatory Tools and
Techniques
• Stakeholder analysis
• Gender and Poverty analysis
• Problem analysis
• Option analysis
• Institutional analysis
Key Stages of Decision-Making
• Problems analysis for Planning a Water
System (To include key concerns of specific
groups)
• Choice of technical design options (Bias
towards piped system)
• Choice of locations of public taps/well (Role
of women and poorer groups)
• Choice of options for O&M and its
consequences on sustainability
 Faze Halo Planu

1. Ema hili tiha ona opsaun tékniku antes sira

hala’o evaluasaun tékniku.
2. Diskusaun kona-ba asuntu tékniku, liuliu kona-
ba sistema pipa, la’o ladún di’ak.
3. Difisil atu dehan “Labele” ba komunidade
bainhira komunidade hakarak opsaun ida ne’ebé
la tuir realidade.
4. Ema ladún ko’alia kona-ba folin ba opsaun ida-
idak.
5. Ema hala’o diskusaun badak de’it kona-ba
komunidade nia kontribuisaun. Ema hala’o
diskusaun uitoan uitoan de’it kona-ba feto nia
asuntu no feto nia hanoin kona-ba opsaun
tékniku.
• Mapa Sosiál
• La’o Buka Hatene
• Grupu Diskusaun
• Opsaun Tékniku
 CAP: Faze Implementasaun

• Deside kona-ba oráriu serbisu nian – fó atensaun ba

tempu ema ki’ak tanba dala barak sira tenke ba halo
to’os.
• Deside kona-ba oinsá atu halibur materiál
• Kontribuisaun – tuir nivel ne’ebé di’ak ba ema ki’ak.
• Fahe ba grupu serbisu
• Identifika jeitu/kapasidade ne’ebé ita presiza atu hala’o
knaar konstrusaun
 Faze O&M

• Deside kona-ba kontribuisaun osan – atu selu hira? Ema

ki’ak bele selu ida ne’e ka?
• Mekanizmu halibur osan – mekanizmu ne’e di’ak ka la
di’ak ba ema kiak?
• Deside kona-ba sé mak atu hala’o serbisu fiziku iha
tempu manutensaun
• Deside oinsá atu halibur kontribuisaun komunidade nian