Introduction to Digital

Signal Processors

Hicham BERKOUK
Tarek Islam SADMI
E08/Computer Engineering
IGEE Boumerdes.

OUTLINE

Overview
Introduction to DS Processors
Historical Development
DSP Market
Internal Architecture
Applications of DSPs
Examples
Conclusion
References

Overview
Introduction to DS Processors
Historical development
DSP Market
Internal Architecture
Examples
Applications of DSPs
Conclusion
References

Overview:
Digital signal processing techniques and algorithms
developed throughout history are useless, unless
implemented in a given hardware to perform specified
tasks.
However, conventional microprocessors cannot handle
those algorithms.
Hence, theres a need to develop a new hardware : the
Digital Signal Processor.

Overview
Introduction to DS Processors
Historical Development
DSP Market
Internal Architecture
Examples
Applications of DSPs
Conclusion
References

Introduction to DSProcessors:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:

A digital signal processor (DSP) is a specialized

microprocessor with an architecture optimized for the
operational needs of digital signal processing.

Typical DSP system :

Conversion from Analog to Digital and

Digital to Analog signals.
A lot of Interaction with outside world.

What are the Differences

between a DSP and a GP MPU
?

Overview
Introduction to DS Processors
Historical Development
DSP Market
Internal Architecture
Examples
Applications of DSPs
Conclusion
References

Historical Development:

First transistor: 16 December 1947, at the Bell Company by

William Shockley.

First IC: by Jack Killby 12 September 1958 at Texas

instruments Laboratories.

First Microprocessor: 15 November 1971 by Intel

Company the Intel 4004.

First DSP: 1978 : Texas Instruments TMS5100 DSP.

1978 : Intel and AMI, released to unsuccessful DSPs the

2920 and the S2811.
1980 : the NEC PD7720 DSP by PSTN
Telecommunications.

1983 : the TMS32010 by Texas instruments (Harvard architecture) (It already

had a special instruction set, with instructions like load-and-accumulate or
multiply-and-accumulate. It could work on 16-bit numbers and needed 390 ns
for a multiplyadd operation. TI is now the market leader in general-purpose
DSP)

1988 : the appearance of the 2nd generation of DSPs, like AT&T DSP16A and
the Motorola 56000 (accelerating tight-loops and loop addressing).

1995: the appearance of the 3rd generation of DSPs : new special instructions
in the data path and hardware acceleration, using very complex problems like
Fourier-Transform, or Matrix Operations like Motorola MC 68356. And TI
TMS 320C541 and the TMS 320C80.

The fourth generation is best characterized by the changes in the instruction

set and the instruction encoding/decoding.

The fastest digital signal processor (DSP) is the TMS320C6416, by

Texas Instruments (USA). On 12 March 2003, a clock speed of 720
megahertz (MHz) was demonstrated at the Texas Instruments
Laboratories, Stafford, Texas, USA.

Overview
Introduction to DS Processors
Historical Development
DSP Market
Internal Architecture
Example : TMS320C6400 DSP
Applications of DSPs
Conclusion
References

Market of DSPs:

The DSP market is very large and growing rapidly.

Incessant demand of cheaper and better electronic solutions,

Overview
Introduction to DS Processors
Historical Development
DSP Market
Internal Architecture
Examples
Applications of DSPs
Conclusion
References

Simplified Block Diagram of

Typical DSP

Harvard architecture.
Direct Memory Access (DMA).
Very Large Instruction Word (VLIW).
Floating point or Fixed point arithmetic.
Multiply and accumulate (MACs) Functions.

Overview
Introduction to DS Processors
Historical Development
DSP Market
Internal Architecture
Examples
Applications of DSPs
Conclusion
References

Applications of DSPs :

- Automation & Process Control (Barcode Scanner,

Machine Vision)

- Automotive & Transportation (Active Noise

Cancellation ANC)

- Communications & Telecom ( Miltary Radar/Sonar,

Oscilloscopes)

- Consumer & Portable Electronics (MP3 Players,

Mobile Phones, Guitar Effects)

Health Tech (MRI: Magnetic Resonance

Imaging, Ultrasound System)

Industrial (High-Speed Data Acquisition and

Generation)

Security & Safety ( Fingerprint Biometrics,

Camera Surveillance)

Space, Avionics & Defense (Military and

Avionics Imaging)

Overview
Introduction to DS Processors
Historical Development
DSP Market
Internal Architecture
Examples
Applications of DSPs
Conclusion
References

Examples:
Music (Guitar Effects) :

Overview
Introduction to DS Processors
Historical Development
DSP Market
Internal Architecture
Examples
Applications of DSPs
Conclusion
References

Conclusion

DSP technology has enabled many

applications.
Size of DSP market has attracted many
competitors with a broad set of optimized
solutions.
DSPs are very fast and optimal for real
time processing.

Overview
Introduction to DS Processors
Historical Development
DSP Market
Internal Architecture
Examples
Applications of DSPs
Conclusion
References

References :

TMS320C64x, Technical Overview

The Scientist and Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing, Chapter28
http://www.signalogic.com/index.pl?page=dsp_app
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_signal_processor
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit_slicing
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating-point
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Instruments_TMS320C6400
http://www.vision-systems.com/articles/2003/03/texas-instruments-claimsfastest-dsp.html
http://www.ti.com/lsds/ti/dsp/applications.page