Principles of Design

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Principles
concepts used to organize or
arrange the structural
elements of design.
principles affect the expressive
content, or the message of an
artwork.
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Principles of Design
1. Balance
2. Proportion
3. Rhythm
4. Emphasis
5. Unity
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Balance
The concept of visual
equilibrium; it relates to our
physical sense of balance.
It is a reconciliation of
opposing forces in a
composition that results in
visual stability.
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Kinds of Balance
1. Symmetrical

described as having equal

"weight" on equal sides of a
centrally placed fulcrum.
also referred to as formal
balance.
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Kinds of Balance
1. Symmetrical

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Kinds of Balance
2. Asymmetrical
Also called informal balance; more
complex and difficult to envision.
It involves placement of objects in a
way that will allow objects of varying
visual weight to balance one another
around a fulcrum point.
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Kinds of Balance
2. Asymmetrical

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Proportion
Also known as scale, refers to
the size relationship of one part
to another and of the parts to the
whole.

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Proportion

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Rhythm
Created when one or more elements of
design are used repeatedly to create a
feeling of organized movement.
It can create a sense of motion, unite a
composition, and establish pattern or
texture.
The presence of rhythm creates order or
development in
an
artwork.
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Kinds of Rhythm
1. Regular Rhythm
2. Flowing Rhythm
3. Progressive Rhythm
4. Alternating Rhythm

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Regular Rhythm

occurs when the intervals between the

elements and the elements themselves
are similar in size or length.

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Flowing Rhythm
signifies directional movement.

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Progressive Rhythm
shows a developing sequence of
forms.

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Alternating Rhythm
displays alternation of elements and may
be applied to all kinds of rhythm.

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Emphasis
The part of the design that
catches the viewers attention.
Involves the delineation
between the more important and
the less important
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Emphasis

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Unity
The feeling of harmony between all parts
of the artwork creating a sense of
completeness.
The final result in a composition when all
the design elements and principles work
harmoniously together, giving the viewer
a satisfying sense of belongingness and
relationship.
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