Sound

How does
sound work?

Sound: What is it?

Sound

is a disturbance that
travels through a medium
as a longitudinal wave.

Interactions of sound waves:

Reflection:

Sound waves reflect

when they strike an object.

Interactions of sound waves:

Reflection:

Sound waves reflect

when they strike an object.
You

hear this as an echo.

Interactions of sound waves:

Reflection:

Sound waves reflect

when they strike an object.
You

hear this as an echo.

Diffraction:

Sound waves bend

around corners or squeeze
through a door.

Interactions of sound waves:

Reflection:

Sound waves reflect when they strike

an object.
You

hear this as an echo.

Diffraction:

Sound waves bend around corners

or squeeze through a door.
Interference: Sound waves may interact with
each other.

Speed of sound waves:

Depends

on the elasticity, density,

and temperature of the medium
the sound is traveling through.

Speed of sound waves:

Depends

on the elasticity, density,

and temperature of the medium
the sound is traveling through.
Elasticity:

the ability of a material to

bounce back after it is disturbed.

Speed of sound waves:

Depends

on the elasticity, density,

and temperature of the medium
the sound is traveling through.
Elasticity:

the ability of a material to

bounce back after it is disturbed.
The more dense the medium the slower
sound travels through it.

Speed of sound waves:

Depends

on the elasticity, density,

and temperature of the medium the
sound is traveling through.
Elasticity:

the ability of a material to

bounce back after it is disturbed.
The more dense the medium the slower
sound travels through it.
The lower the temperature the slower
sound travels through a medium.

Speed of sound waves:

Air

at room temp. = 343 m/s

Speed of sound waves:

Air

at room temp. = 343 m/s

Fresh water
= 1,509 m/s

Speed of sound waves:

Air

at room temp. = 343 m/s

Fresh water
= 1,509 m/s
Glass
= 5,170 m/s

Properties of sound:
Loudness:

Describes your
perception of the energy of the
sound.

Properties of sound:
Loudness:

Describes your
perception of the energy of the
sound.
Depends

on distance from the source

and energy used to make the sound.

Properties of sound:
Loudness:

Describes your
perception of the energy of the
sound.
Depends

on distance from the source

and energy used to make the sound.
Measured in decibels (dB).

Properties of sound:
Loudness:

Describes your perception

of the energy of the sound.
Depends

on distance from the source

and energy used to make the sound.
Measured in decibels (dB).
Intensity:

The amount of energy a

sound wave carries through an area
each second.

Pitch
A

measure of how high or low a

sound is.

Pitch
A

measure of how high or low a

sound is.
Pitch depends on the frequency of a
sound wave

Pitch
A

measure of how high or low a

sound a is.
Pitch depends on the frequency of a
sound wave

Pitch
A

measure of how high or low a

sound a is.
Pitch depends on the frequency of a
sound wave

- Low pitch
- Low frequency
- Longer wavelength

High pitch

- High frequency
- Shorter
wavelength

Sonar

Sonar

An instrument that uses reflected sound

waves to find underwater objects

Sonar

An instrument that uses reflected sound

waves to find underwater objects
For example,

Sonar

An instrument that uses reflected sound

waves to find underwater objects
For example,

Sonar

An instrument that uses reflected sound

waves to find underwater objects
For example,

Animals use sonar or echo location to find their

prey; these sounds have such a high pitch or
frequency that the human ear cannot hear

Sonar

An instrument that uses reflected sound

waves to find underwater objects
For example,

Animals use sonar or echo location to find their

prey; these sounds have such a high pitch or
frequency that the human ear cannot hear

Sonar

An instrument that uses reflected sound

waves to find underwater objects
For example,
Humans use sonar
to locate or map
objects

Animals use sonar or echo location to find their

prey; these sounds have such a high pitch or
frequency that the human ear cannot hear

Doppler Effect:
Definition:

The change in frequency

of a wave as its source moves in
relation to an observer.

Doppler Effect:
Definition:

The change in frequency

of a wave as its source moves in
relation to an observer.

Lower pitch

Higher pitch

Blue Man Group Challenge!

Blue

Man Group
Youre HIRED!
So what am I supposed to do exactly?

Can I use or make an instrument

that already exists?
No

way! You could, if you really wanted

tobut wouldnt you rather challenge
yourself to invent something never seen
before? Cmon, I know you can do it!
Besides, building a piano is really
complicated. And putting a piece of string
on top of a piano isnt really
groundbreaking, either.

Lets look at some examples!

Lets

look at some examples!

Awesome
Not Awesome
Shoe

box with rubber bands attached

Oatmeal box with beads in it or paper on top
to create a drum
Tambourines made from paper plates
Bongos made from tubs and paper