EN.

SIVANESAN A/L
ETHIRMANASINGHAM
SMK DATO MOHD SAID, NILAI

QUOTES FOR THE DAY

Before everything else, getting
ready is the secret to success. Henry Ford
Great work is performed not by
strength,
but perseverance.

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DIRECTED WRITING

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Sequence
Connectors

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A Sample Question.
Give a speech on road safety.
Format :
F1 - Good morning
F2 - Talk about road safety
F3 - Thank you

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Reasons for accidents

First and foremost, there are
(1) Reckless motorists
Furthermore, the motorists
(2) Not following traffic rules
Moreover, there are
(3) Illegal racing.
(4) Tiredness
(5) Poor maintenance of vehicles
(6) Modification of vehicles
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Suggestions You must / should

(7) Responsible on the road

(8) Summons to traffic offenders
(9) Follow speed limit
(10) Take rest
(11) Check vehicle before use
(12) Inform authorities on vehicle
alteration
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Sample Essay
Good morning (F1) to our principle, teacherteacher and all my friends. Today, I are asked to
give a talk to the students on road safety. (F2)
In reasonos for accidents we has some reckless
motorists. (1) We are not following the traffic rules
(2). We have illegal racing (3). While we drive car
so long time, some time people tiredness and
make accident with other (4). We have some poor
maintenance of vehicle. (5) We also modification
of vehicles (6) for their vehicles want to go speed.
We must be responsible on the road (7).
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We must summons to traffic offenders. (8). We

must followed speed limit (9). We must take
rest (10). We must check vehicle before use
(11) for a week on time. We must inform
authorities on vehicle alteration (12).
Last but not least, we must carefull in the road.
I think you all take my points. That also thanks
(F3) for your adtancen for me.
Format = 3 marks
Content = 12 marks
Language = 8 marks.
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2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

Informal Letter
Article
Speech
Formal Letter
Report
Informal Letter
Informal Letter
Speech
Article
Report
Informal Letter
A Talk
Informal Letter

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FORMAT
FORMAL Add of sender, recipient, add of
LETTER recipient, date, salutation, title,
closing/signature
INFORMA Add of sender, date, salutation
L LETTER and closing/ signature
SPEECH Greetings, title of speech/purpose
of speech, thank you
REPORT To: (recipient post)
From: (The reporter/ source)
Title (subject matter
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CONTINUOUS WRITING
Read all topics given.
Choose topic you are familiar.
Think of the main theme.
Write your outline.
Arrange points in paragraphs.
Write not less than 350 words.
Check grammar and spelling mistakes.
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SENTENCE STARTERS

In his horror
On the other hand
It goes without saying
It cannot be denied
Apart from that
Without doubt
At the last moment
Upon hearing
Without any doubt
The next moment
Without wasting any time
On top of that
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In a split second

EMOTICONS

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VOCABULARY
HAPPY
overjoyed
over the moon
thrilled
joyful
on top of the world
delighted
on cloud nine
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SAD
broken-hearted
cheerless
depressed
disappointed
distressed
grief-stricken
in low spirits
melancholy
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FRIGHTEN
alarmed
horrified
jittery
panic-stricken
My hair stood on its end
petrified
terror-stricken
trembling like a leaf
stood rooted to the ground
mouth struck open in an O shape
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SURPRISED
amazed
astonished
a bolt from the blue
dumbfounded
flabbergasted
startled
taken aback
taken by surprise
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TO SHOW HAPPINESS

He shed tears of joy.

He shouted with joy.
He was on cloud nine.
The children were in high spirits when they
knew they were going for a movie
His heart exploded with joy when he saw
his son who went missing
He looked at her and then burst out
laughing.
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TO SHOW HAPPINESS
She felt a wave of relief when she heard
that he survived the air crash.
Her eyes lit up when she recognized the
familiar voice of her daughter.
She looked radiant when she entered the
room in her evening gown.

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TO SHOW SADNESS

He cried his heart out

He locked himself in the room and refused
to speak to anyone.
She felt her world going to pieces
My father was in low spirits when he lost
his job.
The news of his mothers death almost
choked him
He wears a worried look.
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TO SHOW SADNESS
The colour drained from his face when he
received the telegram
She found herself at her lowest ebb,
having no money or friends.

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TO SHOW FEAR

He went weak at the knees on hearing the

news.
His voice shook as he spoke.
He cringed at the thought of seeing the
discipline master.
She screamed in terror
He stood rooted to the ground
She had butterflies in her stomach.
He could feel his hair standing on their
ends.
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TO SHOW ANGER
His face swelled with anger
He seethed with hatred when he saw his
enemy.
They were consumed by bitterness and
anguish at the loss of their only son.
She turned her blazing gaze at her
husband when he gambled away all his
money.

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Sequence
Connectors

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FINE WEATHER
The sun was shining in a clear blue sky.
The sun was slowly making its way
through the clouds casting a golden hue.
The sun rose majestically in the sky
heralding the dawn of a glorious new day.
The golden rays of the early morning sun
brought much warmth and cheer
The radiant rays of the sun brought new
hope and vigour
The sun spread its golden rays of crimson
and gold.

FINE WEATHER
The day was neither too warm nor too cold. It
was the perfect weather for a picnic / outing.
A gentle wind was blowing. It ruffled my hair and
caressed my cheeks.
A gentle wind was blowing and the tall coconut
trees were dancing to the rhythm of the wind.
The rustle of leaves, as they brushed against
each other in the gentle breeze, was like
soothing music to the ears.

HOT WEATHER
The sun appeared like a huge ball of fire
The sky was ablaze with red and golden
hues.
The hot sun shone mercilessly from a
cloudless sky.
The sun was directly overhead. Beads of
sweat glistered (gathered) on my forehead
and slowly trickled down my face.
The suns rays penetrated through the thick
clouds and my shirt clung to my back,
drenched in perspiration.
The scorching heat sucked up the moisture
from the air and the air became still and dry.

RAINY WEATHER

Lightning flashed and thunder roared.

Dark clouds gathered and soon big drops of
rain fell from the sky.
Dark clouds of grotesque shapes were racing
across the sky.
Bright flashes of lightning lit up the dark sky
and this was immediately followed by
deafening blasts of thunder.
A bright streak of lightning illuminated the sky
and the distant rumble of thunder reached
his ears and he quickened his pace.

RAINY WEATHER
The skies opened and blinding sheets of
rain fell
The soft patter of raindrops fell on my skin.
The wind hummed / murmured /
whispered / howled
The leaves of the tree glistened with drops
of moisture
The roads were littered with potholes
which were filled with murky water.

OPENING LINES
TRY A SURPRISE TECHNIQUE BY SAYING
SOMETHING TOTALLY UNEXPECTED
Eg. I stared at his green eyes.
BEGIN WITH A QUESTION
Eg. What makes a child rebel?
USE A QUOTATION TO INTRODUCE YOUR
ARGUMENT
Eg. Two is company, they say but in this case
they spelt trouble.

OPENING LINES
USE WORDS TO CREATE AN ATMOSPHERE
Eg. The door creaked as it opened, cobwebs
hung low from the ceiling...
START WITH AN ACTION
Eg. I ran as fast as I could. I could hear
footsteps following me....
START WITH A FACTUAL STATEMENT WHICH
WILL BE YOUR THEME
Eg. Nobody can live without air.

METHODS OF ENDING
SUM UP YOUR IDEAS
Eg. Handphones, all said and
done, are here to stay.
END A STORY WITH A CLIMAX
Eg. We turned around. There
was nobody there!

METHODS OF ENDING
FINISH BY ANTICIPATING WHAT WILL
HAPPEN IN THE FUTURE
Eg. Who knows, perhaps we will have
robots doing all our chores in the
future!
USE A SENTENCE THAT HAS AN AIR OF
FINALITY
Eg. It was a lovely day, one I will never
forget.

INTRO OF AN ESSAY
The sun shone persistently on my stillshut eyelids. Annoyed, I rolled on to the
right side of my mattress. Wondering
about the time, I stretched out my arm
to grasp the little, round alarm clock on
my bedside table. I forced open my
eyes, focused them on the number
and screeched!

INTRO FOR A CHARACTER

Some of my earliest and best memories of
growing up are of my grandmother, or Nek,
as she is affectionately called. She has
influenced our lives in so many ways that it is
difficult to imagine life without her. She has
always been there to share our triumphant
and victorious moments, and when we had
our share of disappointments and frustrations,
she was there with her kind words of comfort.

Sounds Heard In The Early

Morning

I was awakened by the cheerful chirpings of a

multitude of birds.
Awakened by the shrill crowing of the cock, I
quickly got out of bed
My mothers thunderous voice boomed outside
my bedroom door and in a minute, I was up on
my feet.

Sounds Heard At Night

The cry of a million cicadas broke the silence of
the night
The night was quiet except for the hooting of the
owls and the howling of dogs
The night was quiet. In the distance, an owl
shrieked. (The wind shrieked)
In the dead of the night, came the sound of the
banging of a door.
Darkness and silence fell quickly. Then, came
the rustle of leaves. A twig snapped and a dog
barked.

SOUNDS HEARD IN THE

AFTERNOON

The blare of a car horn tore the quiet

afternoon.
The clatter from the kitchen was
comforting.
Mother was clearing away the dishes
after lunch.

SOUNDS HEARD FROM A

BEDROOM
How vivid were the sounds of childrens
screams and cries, the sound of a police
siren in the distance, a car coming to a
screeching halt and the shuffle of feet on
the gravel road.

SOUNDS HEARD AT A BUS STOP

There is a cacophony of sounds. The
grinding of brakes as buses are parked,
the booming voice over the microphone
announcing the arrival and departure of
buses to the various destinations and the
patter of footsteps as people rush to board
the buses.

A VILLAGE SCENE
Under the shade of an old tree,
cows stood chewing grass and
swishing their tails while a small
herd of buffalo were wallowing in
a muddy pond, enjoying its
coolness in the stifling afternoon
heat.

A GARDEN SCENE
It was a large sprawling house with a
wide verandah and an imposing pair
of gates. Gazing to the left, his eyes
rested on the rows of flowering plants.
The garden was a kaleidoscope of
colour as red, pink, cream and orange
flowers danced gracefully in the
gentle breeze.

AT THE MARKET OR NIGHT MARKET.

Old ladies wearing colourful scarves and
carrying small Chinese umbrellas, which had
seen better days, squatted behind small plates
of chillies, long beans and other greens. Some
of them, their mouths stained red from chewing
betelnuts called out as people streamed past.
The bigger stalls under large multicoloured
umbrellas were overflowing with all kinds of
plastic wares, shimmering fish, glittering semiprecious stones and colourful, trendy clothes.
Conversation buzzed as men stood clustered
around the stalls looking at the variety of things
on sale.

An early morning scene

Everything looked radiant in the early
morning sun.
Sunlight streamed through the open
window and there was a glow in the room.
The plants in the garden glistened with
dew drops and seemed as if they were
bathing in the early morning sun.

THE NIGHT SCENE

The sky above was lit up by the glow of a
myriad tiny, twinkling stars. The moon had
come out and in the luminous light, the
village lay quiet and peaceful.

THE SEA/BEACH
The gentle waves rolled endlessly towards the white
sparkling beaches.
The huge waves rushed to the pebbled shore
Tall coconut palms danced gracefully to the rhythm of the
sea breeze.
The sandy beaches fringed by coconut palms and
casuarina trees are washed by the sapphire waters of
the sea.
The sandy beach, lapped by the lapis lazuli sea, is a
sight for sore eyes.
We sat by the edge of the sea and watched the waves
racing towards us and tickling our feet.

THE SEA/BEACH
The shimmering blue water extended throughout
the coastline.
The beaches are deserted in the early hours of
the morning. Slowly, small streams of visitors
start arriving.
Towards the later part of the afternoon, the
beach is swarmed with picnickers.
A lone fisherman can be seen casting his net
into the calm, blue sea.
Small fishing boats, with their sails billowing in
the wind, can be seen in the distance.

A VILLAGE
The hills stood out in the distance against the cloudless
blue sky.
The picturesque village is nestled amidst lush green
forests and verdant fields.
The rain had washed the dust from the leaves and the
tiny droplets of moisture glistened in the sunlight.
As we approached the village, wooden houses with zinc
or thatched roofs came into sight.
The village houses were huddled together behind a
barbed-wire fence.
From behind the closed doors, the clatter of pots and
pans can be heard as busy housewives prepared lunch.

A VILLAGE
Smoke rises from the chimneys of
chouses casting unusual shapes against
the clear blue sky.
The sun was high up in the sky. Village
houses baked under the scorching sun.
Village women, balancing small rattan
baskets on their heads, walked in a single
file across the paddy fields.

THE SKY

The blazing sun was shining through the cloudless sky.

The sun rose, slowly and majestically, over mountains.
The sun appeared over the horizon, giving out rays of
faint, yellow light.
The weather was unpredictable / fickle. The sun, first,
appeared as a huge ball of fire. Then, all of a sudden,
there were alternate bands of grey, black and white in
the sky and it looked as if it was going to rain.
A pale sun looked down from a dull, white sky, giving
little warmth and light.
White, fluffy clouds drifted across the sky.
Dark clouds of grotesque shapes raced across the sky.

STORM

Dark thunder clouds were racing in the sky and strong winds were
blowing.
The sudden gusts of wind raised clouds of red dust.
The sky darkened and it threatened to rain but the weather held.
Then the rain came first in big, heavy drops that were as sharp
as splinters of ice, then, in pouring sheets.
Finally, the weather fell apart and it started raining cats and dogs.
Lightning crackled across the the sky.
A peal of thunder boomed in the distance.
There was a flash of lightning followed by a rumble of thunder.
The splatter of rain against the window was deafening.
The wind shrieked/ The wind howled.
Black clouds raced across the sky.
After wreaking havoc in the village, the thunderstorm finally
abated.

DAY

The dark night was slowly crawling by and

dawn was approaching.
There was a sudden glow of light heralding the
dawn of a new day.
The sun peered over the hills, spreading its
light slowly, over the valleys and open plains.
As the moon makes a hasty retreat, the sun
appears in all its radiance and splendour. A
new day is born.

NIGHT

The light was fading and darkness was beginning to

descend upon the jungle.
The moon was hiding behind the clouds and we
fumbled in the dark.
The night crawled by slowly.
The canopy of stars with their bright twinkling lights
appeared like a carpet of jewels and was a beautiful
sight.
The stars peered from a clear sky like myriads of
glittering lights.
The stars twinkled in the black sky like thousands of
fireflies.

A BUSY STREET

The crowds were so thick and we had to weave

through it in the sweltering heat.
The street was crowded with throngs of shoppers.
A cacophony of sounds assaulted our cars: the din of
conversation, the incessant noise of engines created
by the traffic inching its way through the crowded
streets, the blare of horns and the screeching of
brakes.
Stalls sprung up on both sides of the streets making
them even more crowded and congested.
Impatient drivers sat behind their wheels muttering
abuses and curses as motorists weaved in and out..

IDIOMS

A bag of bones very thin

To burn the midnight oil study late night
To cry over spilt milk
At the eleventh hour
To face the music
A golden opportunity
To give the green light
Once in a blue moon

IDIOMS/PROVERBS

Part and parcel

A sight for sore eyes
Have a whale of a time
Practice makes perfect
Prevention is better than cure
Time and tide wait for no man
Where there is a will, theres a way
Make hay while the sun shines.

OPINION Questions
Paragraph 1
Define the key words in the question
Talk general about the key words
State your opinion / stand
Write the thesis statement
Reinstate your stand.

Paragraph 2 - 6

Write your topic sentence

Elaborate on the topic sentence
Provide examples
Tie up with the question

Paragraph 7 - conclusion
Talk about the importance
Provide suggestions
State the consequences
Reinstate your stand
Sum up with the question.

TIPS

Past tense was, were, ed, could, had

Present tense is, am, are, has, have, can
to root word (no ..s, no ed, no ing)
eg. to play, to dance (Q13)
Must, will, shall, could, should, may root word eg. will come, could run
There is/are depends on the word after that
eg. There is a book, There are books (Q14)
For.. ing eg. For drawing
Heard a dog barking /saw a bird flying
By.. ing (no ..s, noed)

YOU may not have the best of

everything
but
YOU can make the best of
everything.

Dont find a fault, find a

remedy.
Unknown.

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Good luck
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THANK
YOU !!!

LITERATURE COMPONENT
BE FAMILIAR WITH CERTAIN ASPECTS
OF LITERATURE
PAY ATTENTION TO THE TONE,
SPEAKER, SETTING, THEME AND STYLE.
REFER TO THE NOVEL FOR TEXTUAL
EVIDENCE
MAKE SURE YOU UNDERSTAND WHAT
THE QUESTIONS REQUIRE

Possible questions
Characters
Settings
Plot
Theme
Moral values
General
* require thorough knowledge of the
novel

- REQUIREMENTS OF THE TASK

FULFILLED.
- IDEAS AND DETAILS WELLDEVELOPED, WELL-ORGANISED
WITH EVIDENCE FROM TEXT.
- VARIED SENTENCE STRUCTURES
- WIDE AND APT VOCABULARY
- ACCURATE USE OF LANGUAGE
- ACCURATE MECHANICS OF WRITING.

 Read and have a good understanding

of the novel. Textual support is
important when responding to task.
Address the task relevantly
Produce sufficient textual support
Learn to relate what you have learned
to the task set.

 Paragraph 1
The novel that I have chosen is Catch Us If You
Can by .. (Synopsis) The moral value that I
wish to highlight is about

Paragraph 2, 3, 4
Incident One with textual evidence
Incident Two with textual evidence
Incident Three with textual evidence

Paragraph 5
Overall conclusion, Personal response

The value in life that I have

learnt in the novel- Catch us if
you can is The Importance of
Family. Sacrifices for family are
honoured and explored, as are
the family bonds that survive
adversity. Family responsibility
in the novel is best displayed
by Rorys constant care of his
grandfather.

Very early in age, Rory has realised that

there was only Granda and me to make
up a family. Rory does not know any
other family love. His father had left them
when he was very young. Granda had
taken care of him all his life and now, as
Granda is getting old and forgetful, and is
never quite well, it is his turn to look after
him.

The incident which is memorable in Catch

us if you can is when Granda is sent to
Rachnadar, Rory knows that he has to get
him away from that place. Though torn with
desperation at times ( Grandas carelessness
with the chip pan had landed him in hospital
and Rory atCastle Street), Rory plans the
Great Escape and gets him away from the
hospital where they put old people in.

 In the novel Catch Us If You Can, Granda is

a very determined individual. Though old
and ailing, and experiencing memory loss as
well as physical pain, he is single minded in
his resolution to be with his only grandson,
Rory. When his only son, Jeff, abandoned
his wife and Rory, Granda disowned him and
cared for Rory and his mother.

 Later, when they become separated, Granda

is still determined to be with Rory. Despite
his sickness and need for medical attention,
he agrees to run away with him so that the
pair can be together. He cannot imagine, nor
could he accept, a life without his grandson.
In spite of his deteriorating medical condition
he left the hospital and went on an
adventure in order to be with his grandson.

 His determination also sees him hitting a

thug who wants to disclose their identity to
the police for reward. Granda also
manages to steal a car by hot-wiring it in
a bid to escape the police and those who
want to separate him from his beloved
grandson.

 Grandas determination is also evident in the

fact that he does not leave Rory orphaned.
He keeps his spirits alive and is determined
to be there for his grandson. Though he is
later reunited with his son, Jeff, he is
determined to stay with Rory though he loves
his other grandchildren very much and dote
on them. The extended family lives very near
each other. Thus, the family remains intact
despite the challenges.

Content
9 10 Event mentioned
Reasons/Why
Textual Evidence
well
developed
7 8 Event mentioned
TE some
development
5-6 Some event mentioned
TE little development
3-4 Event not mentioned.
Talk about something
about the novel
Little evidence
1 2 did not response to

5 lg accurate
4 lg largely accurate
3 lots of errors but with
meaning
2 - lots of errors, meaning is
blurred
1 makes little or no sense
at
all.

A dream doesn't become

reality through magic ;
It takes sweat,
determination and hard
work

A Sample Question.
Give a speech on road safety.
Format :
F1 - Good morning
F2 - Talk about road safety
F3 - Thank you

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Reasons for accidents

First and foremost, there are
(1) Reckless motorists
Furthermore, the motorists
(2) Not following traffic rules
Moreover, there are
(3) Illegal racing.
(4) Tiredness
(5) Poor maintenance of vehicles
(6) Modification of vehicles
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Suggestions You must / should

(7) Responsible on the road

(8) Summons to traffic offenders
(9) Follow speed limit
(10) Take rest
(11) Check vehicle before use
(12) Inform authorities on vehicle
alteration
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Sample Essay
Good morning (F1) to our principle, teacherteacher and all my friends. Today, I are asked to
give a talk to the students on road safety. (F2)
In reasonos for accidents we has some reckless
motorists. (1) We are not following the traffic rules
(2). We have illegal racing (3). While we drive car
so long time, some time people tiredness and
make accident with other (4). We have some poor
maintenance of vehicle. (5) We also modification
of vehicles (6) for their vehicles want to go speed.
We must be responsible on the road (7).
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We must summons to traffic offenders. (8).

We must followed speed limit (9). We must
take rest (10). We must check vehicle
before use (11) for a week on time. We must
inform authorities on vehicle alteration (12).
Last but not least, we must carefull in the
road. I think you all take my points. That
also thanks (F3) for your adtancen for me.
Format = 3 marks
Content = 12 marks
Language = 8 marks.
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 Add of sender, recipient, add of recipient, date, salutation,

title, closing/signature
Solihin
President
English Language Society,
SMK Tanah Merah,
KM 8 Jalan Sepang,
71960 Negeri Sembilan
To,
Principal,
SMK Tanah Merah,
KM 8 Jalan Sepang,
71960 Negeri Sembilan.
17 August, 2011
Dear Sir,
Permission to Use the Hall
Yours sincerely,
(SOLIHIN)

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