• The word FRACTION

comes from the Latin

word “FRACTIO” which
means to break.
• Early 1800 B.C,
Egyptians were
writing fractions and
they use hieroglyphs
• Unit fraction has 1 as
its numerator (top number).
They put a mouth
picture (which meant part)
above a number to make
it into a unit fraction.
•The Babylonians,
were the first people
to come up with a
more sensible way on
representing a
fraction.
• During 500 A.D, the
Indians developed a
system from a way of
writing called
“BRAHMI”.
 In India, fractions
were written very much
like we do now, with one
number (the numerator) above
another (the denominator),
but without a line.
 It was the Arabs who
added the line (sometimes
drawn horizontally, sometimes on a
slant) which we now use to
separate the numerator
and denominator
 May we request
everyone to watch our
prepared video about
fraction 
• A Fraction is
a part of a
whole.
Two numbers that compose a
fraction are called the:

Numerator
Denominator
THE DENOMINATOR
tells into how many
parts the whole is
divided.
THE NUMERATOR
indicates the
represented number
of pieces of the whole.
The 3 is the numerator ;
the 5 is the denominator.

There are five parts that

make up the whole.
Only those part are being
referred to.
KINDS OF FRACTION

a.Proper Fraction
b.Improper Fraction
c.Mixed Numbers
 PROPER FRACTION

•the numerator is smaller than the

denominator indicating a part of a
whole.
• the value of proper fraction is < 1.
 IMPROPER FRACTION

•the numerator is larger than the

denominator indicating a whole or
mixed number.
•The value of an improper fraction
is 1 or more.
 MIXED NUMBERS
•a whole number and a proper
fraction indicating whole
number(s) plus a part of a
whole.
•The value of a mixed number is
> 1 : it is the sum of the whole
number plus the fraction.
 To Change an Improper Fraction
into mixed number or a whole
number:
1. Divide the denominator into the
numerator
2.If there is a remainder, change it
into a fraction by writing it as the
top number over the bottom
number of the improper fraction.
Write it next to the whole number.
 To change a mixed number into
an improper fraction :

1. Multiply the whole number by

the bottom number
2.Add the top number to the
product of step 1.
3.Write the total as the top
number of a fraction over the
original bottom number.
A fraction means “Divide”
The top number of the fraction is
divided by the bottom number
Means
“3 divided by 5”.
The value of 3/5 is the same as
the quotient you will get when
you do the division.
BUT ...
* Reducing Fraction means
writing in its lowest terms, that
is with smaller numbers.

* Reducing Fraction does not

change its value.
“When you do arithmetic
with fraction always
reduce your answer to its
lowest term”
Crossing out zeros is the same as dividing by
10, 100, 1000 etc., depending on the number
of zeros you cross out.
 “It is faster to reduce when
you find the LARGEST
number that divides evenly in
both numbers of fraction”
Crossing out zeros is the same as dividing by
10, 100, 1000 etc., depending on the number
of zeros you cross out.
 One is cut into 6 slices and the other
one is cut into 3 slices.

1 1
6 3
LARGER SLICES
If you eat 1 of pizza no. 2 you’re eating more pizza
than if you eat 1 of the pizza no.1.
Always remember that FRACTION means divide.
Divide the top number by the bottom number.
Changing to decimals is simply the meaning.
If both fraction have the same denominator, then you can
compare their top number.
The top number of one fraction with the bottom number of the fraction, and
write the results over the top number.
Repeat the process using the other set of top and bottom numbers.