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Chap 1-Os
Chap 1-Os
CHAPTER 1 :INTRODUCTION TO
OPERATING SYSTEM
OVERVIEW
Definition
The misconception
Sometimes the
need of user
and the input
that receives
by computer is
wrong
The part of OS
Applications services (.exe)
kernel
OS shell
OS as resources manager
1st Generation
No operating systems
Using mechanical relays
Using absolute machine language,
using wiring to control m/c basic
functions
Early 50s using punch card, need to
insert in machine and wait the result
2nd Gen
continue
Generations of OS
Gen
Period
The First
Generation
19451955
The Second
Generation
19551965
Transistors and
Batch Systems
The Third
Generation
19651980
ICs and
Multiprogramming
The Fourth
Generation
1980
Present
Personal Computers
Batch system
3rd Gen
4th gen
Types of OS
Batch OS
The programs is arrange in sequent CPU will
Multiprogramming
Program is run in sequence but CPU always do the
Distributed OS
The programs and files are located in all PC be
1.1.3 Various of OS
WINDOWS
LINUX
Mac
SUN
Windows
Linux
Linux distribution
Arch
CentOS
Debian
Fedora
Gentoo
Linux Mint
OpenSUSE
Red Hat
Slackware
Ubuntu
MAC
SUN (Oracle)
Minimum requirement of
Windows XP
Processor 1GHZ
RAM 1 GB
Direct X 9.0 Graphic compatible
16GB HDD free space
Optical disk
MAC OS X (ML)
Solaris 11.0
Pentium 4 above
HDD 13 GB
RAM 1GB
Open source
Freeware
The open programmer can rebuild
and redesign the software until
optimum performance and lack of
error
The Source Code of SW is given so
that programmer can learn how
the SW working
Distributed freely by any people
Closed source
Paid software/Shareware
The only SW programmer can rebuild
and redesign the software until
optimum performance and lack of error
no idea how it was made. Must accept
the software quality as it as.
Respond to correction quickly but need
a time to release a correction patches
Distributed closely by sole vendor
Shell
String
#!/bin/sh
clear ls -al
the shell script would start with its normal starting line of
#!/bin/sh.
the script executes the command clear which clears the
terminal of all text before going to the next line. The following
line provides the main function of the script.
The ls -al command list the files and directories that are in the
directory from which the script is being run. The ls command
attributes could be changed to reflect the needs of the user.
Network Operating
Systems
Novell Netware
Cisco IOS
List Of NOS(p2p)
Peer to peer
Apple Share
Windows Workgroup
Advantages
Ease of setup
Less hardware needed, no server needs to be
purchased.
Disadvantages
No central location for storage.
Lack of security that a client/server type offers.
Novell Netware,
Artisoft's LANtastic,
Microsoft Windows Server,
Windows
Apple Talk
Advantages
Centralized servers are more stable.
Security is provided through the server.
New technology and hardware can be easily
Disadvantages
Cost of buying and running a server are high.
Dependence on a central location for operation.
Requires regular maintenance and updates.
Cisco IOS
Terminology in OS
Cooperative multitasking
Preemptive multitasking
Notes
Multithreading
Multithreading