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Reaksi Organik
Reaksi Organik
TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN
Mahasiswa mampu :
1. Memahami Jenis-jenis reaksi organik
2. Memahami Mekanisme Reaksi organik
3. Memahami konsep Nukleofil dan Elektrofil
4. Menggambar mekanisme reaksi
5. Memahami kesetimbangan, Laju, dan
Perubahan energi dalam reaksi organik
EXERCISES
Classify each of the following reactions as an addition, elimination,
substitution, or rearrangement:
SUBSTITUSI
ELIMINASI
ADISI
Page 7
MEKANISME REAKSI
Reaction mechanism describes bond-breaking
and bond-making :
1.
2.
3.
4.
MEKANISME REAKSI
BOND BREAKING
1. HOMOLYTIC CLEAVAGE
Symmetrical bond-breaking : One bonding electron stays with
each product
MEKANISME REAKSI
BOND BREAKING
2. HETEROLYTIC CLEAVAGE
Unsymmetrical bond-breaking (polar): Two bonding electrons
stay with one product.
10
MEKANISME REAKSI
BOND FORMING
1. Symmetrical bond-forming : One bonding electron is donated
by each reactant
11
MEKANISME REAKSI
BOND FORMING
2. Unsymmetrical bond-forming : two bonding electrons are
donated by one reactant
12
REAKSI POLAR
The fundamental characteristic of all polar
organic reactions :
Electron-rich sites react with electron-poor sites
Bonds are made when an electron-rich atom
donates a pair of electrons to an electron poor
atom
Bonds are broken when one atom leaves with
both electrons from the former bond
REAKSI POLAR
REAKSI POLAR
POLARIZABILITAS
REAKSI POLAR
The effect of this higher polarizability
for sulfur and iodine is that carbon
sulfur and carboniodine bonds,
although nonpolar according to
electronegativity values, nevertheless
usually react as if they were polar
REAKSI POLAR
REAKSI POLAR
Nucleophile is a nucleus-loving.
A nucleophile has a negatively polarized, electron-rich atom
and can form a bond by donating a pair of electrons to a
positively polarized, electronpoor atom.
Nucleophiles can be either neutral or negatively charged
Electrophile is electron-loving.
An electrophile has a positively polarized, electron poor atom
and can form a bond by accepting a pair of electrons from a
nucleophile.
Electrophiles can be either neutral or positively charged.
REAKSI POLAR
REAKSI POLAR
EXERCISES
REAKSI POLAR
EXERCISES
TUGAS
1. Jelaskan yang dimaksud dengan :
a. Reaksi Eksergonis dan Endergonis
b. Reaksi Eksotermis dan Endotermis
c. Energi Disosiasi Ikatan
2. Analisalah diagram reaksi di bawah ini, dan
berikan penjelasannya
a)
b)
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