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Nebosh Fire Certificate Element 4 Part 2 Issue Oct 2011
Nebosh Fire Certificate Element 4 Part 2 Issue Oct 2011
Nebosh Fire Certificate Element 4 Part 2 Issue Oct 2011
Certificate
Element 4 Part 2
FU
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Fire Extinguisher
OXYGEN
SMOTHERING
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRES
There is not a universal fire-extinguishing agent and
therefore there is a possibility that using particular types
of fire extinguishers on ignited materials or liquids may
make the fire considerably worse and place the fire
fighter at risk.
Under British Standard EN-2 (Classification of Fires),
fires have been divided into broad classifications for
extinguishing purposes. This will assist in selecting the
most effective fire-extinguishing agent to be used, on the
most appropriate type of fire and burning material
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRES
Wood /
Furnishings Etc
CLASS A:
All solid materials, usually organic origin nature
(contains compounds of carbon) and generally
produce glowing embers - i.e. wood, textiles, curtains
furniture and plastics
CLASS C:
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRES
Fires Involving
Metals
CLASS D:
Class D fires involving metals or powdered metals etc (where water
is generally ineffective and / or dangerous).
Specialist Dry Powders are produced for certain Class D fires (i.e.
M28), particularly those involving alkali metals such as Sodium &
Potassium. These Dry Powders extinguish metal fires by fusing the
powder to form a crust, which excludes oxygen from the surface of the
molten metal. A specific agent is added to prevent the powder from
sinking into the surface of the molten metals
Electrical
High Temperature
Cooking Oils
CLASS F:
New class specifically dealing with high temperature ( 360C)
cooking oils used in large industrial catering kitchens, restaurants and
takeaway establishments etc. Cooking oil fires, because of their high
auto-ignition temperatures, are difficult to extinguish.
Conventional extinguishers are not effective for cooking oil fires, as
WATER
FOAM
label
CO2
Red body with BLACK
label
DRY POWDER Red body with BLUE
label
9 LTR WATER
9 LTR FOAM
Red body with a cream coloured
identifying label or band
Used on CLASS B fires involving
flammable liquids or liquefiable solids
such as Petrol, Paint solvents
Extinguishing method:
Smothering
can also be used on class A fires
Dry Powder
Red body with blue labelling
Used on All CLASSES of
fires
(except chip or fat pan fires)
Extinguishing method:
SMOTHERING
Dry Powder
STANDARD DRY POWDER knocks down flames. Best for liquids such
as grease, fats, oil, paint, petrol (except chip or fat pan fires).
MULTI-PURPOSE DRY POWDER knocks down flames and, on burning
solids, melts to form a skin smothering the fire. Provides some cooling effect.
Best for wood, cloth, paper, plastics, coal etc. Fires involving solids. Liquids
such as grease, fats, oils, paint, petrol etc (except chip or fat pan fires).
Danger
This type of extinguisher does not cool the fire very well and care has to
be taken that the fire does not re-ignite. Additionally, although it is safe to
use on live electrical equipment, it does not readily penetrate spaces
inside the equipment and similar care has to be taken to ensure the fire
does not re-ignite
The simplest method of which is usually to isolate the power supply.
Smoldering material in deep seated fire such as upholstery or bedding
can cause the fire to start up again.
HOSEREELS
Red body with white labelling
Used on CLASS A fires
involving solid materials such
as paper, wood, solid plastics
Extinguishing method:
COOLING & SMOTHERING
Do NOT use on Oil based
fires, electrical fires or fires
associated with electrical
equipment.
FIRE BLANKET
Red body case with white
labelling- Blanket in side
Used on fires such as
Chip or fat pan fires, persons on
fire
Extinguishing method:
SMOTHERING
Fire blankets are made of fire resistant materials. They are
particularly useful for smothering fat pan fires or for wrapping
round a person whose clothing is on fire.
FIRE BLANKET
How To Use:
Pull out the blanket from its case
Check the fire is smaller than the blanket.
Hold it well up in front of you by the top
corners and keep your hands tucked in
behind the blanket.
Place it over the fire and smother it.
Turn off power source. i.e. Gas/Electric
System Types
Sprinklers
Water based system fully automatic or semiautomatic
Deluge/Drenching
Water or gas based system fully automatic or semiautomatic
Ventilation/Smoke Control
Sprinklers
Various types
Typical Components
Drenchers
Provides curtain of water to
protect against radiant heat
Only vulnerable structures
need cover
Fire resistance protects
other structures
Drench in Action
Gaseous Systems
INERGEN Storage
Ventilation/Smoke Control
Not fire fighting as such
Ventilation cut off to prevent fire spread
Smoke removed to allow evacuation in breathable
conditions
Effects of Smoke
Ventilation
Shopping Malls
Guidance on the
design of smoke
control systems using
pressure differentials
is available in BS EN
12101-6:2005.
Smoke Ventilators